Philip Nichols Jr. (August 11, 1907 – January 26, 1990) was a

United States circuit judge In the United States, federal judges are judges who serve on courts established under Article Three of the U.S. Constitution. They include the chief justice and the associate justices of the U.S. Supreme Court, the circuit judges of the U.S. ...

of the

United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit The United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit (in case citations, Fed. Cir. or C.A.F.C.) is a United States court of appeals that has special appellate jurisdiction over certain types of specialized cases in the U.S. federal court ...

and previously was a Judge of the

United States Customs Court The United States Court of International Trade (case citations: Int'l Trade or Intl. Trade) is a U.S. federal court that adjudicates civil actions arising out of U.S. customs and international trade laws. Seated in New York City, it exercises ...

and the United States Court of Claims.

Education and career

Born August 11, 1907, in

Boston Boston (), officially the City of Boston, is the state capital and most populous city of the Commonwealth of Massachusetts, as well as the cultural and financial center of the New England region of the United States. It is the 24th- mo ...

Massachusetts Massachusetts (Massachusett: ''Muhsachuweesut Massachusett_writing_systems.html" ;"title="nowiki/> məhswatʃəwiːsət.html" ;"title="Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət">Massachusett writing systems">məhswatʃəwiːsət'' En ...

, Nichols received an Artium Baccalaureus degree in 1929 from

Harvard University Harvard University is a private Ivy League research university in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Founded in 1636 as Harvard College and named for its first benefactor, the Puritan clergyman John Harvard, it is the oldest institution of high ...

and a Juris Doctor in 1932 from Harvard Law School. He entered private practice in Boston from 1932 to 1938. He was a special attorney for the Lands Division of the

United States Department of Justice The United States Department of Justice (DOJ), also known as the Justice Department, is a federal executive department of the United States government tasked with the enforcement of federal law and administration of justice in the United Stat ...

from 1938 to 1941. He was a special attorney for the Legal Division of the

War Production Board The War Production Board (WPB) was an agency of the United States government that supervised war production during World War II. President Franklin D. Roosevelt established it in January 1942, with Executive Order 9024. The WPB replaced the Su ...

from 1942 to 1944. He was a

United States Navy The United States Navy (USN) is the maritime service branch of the United States Armed Forces and one of the eight uniformed services of the United States. It is the largest and most powerful navy in the world, with the estimated tonnage ...

lieutenant commander from 1944 to 1946. He was assistant general counsel for the

United States Department of the Treasury The Department of the Treasury (USDT) is the national treasury and finance department of the federal government of the United States, where it serves as an executive department. The department oversees the Bureau of Engraving and Printing and ...

from 1947 to 1951. He was general counsel for the Renegotiation Board from 1951 to 1954. He returned to private practice in

Washington, D.C. ) , image_skyline = , image_caption = Clockwise from top left: the Washington Monument and Lincoln Memorial on the National Mall, United States Capitol, Logan Circle, Jefferson Memorial, White House, Adams Morgan, ...

from 1954 to 1961. He was Commissioner of Customs for the United States Department of the Treasury from 1961 to 1964.

Federal judicial service

Nichols was nominated by President

Lyndon B. Johnson Lyndon Baines Johnson (; August 27, 1908January 22, 1973), often referred to by his initials LBJ, was an American politician who served as the 36th president of the United States from 1963 to 1969. He had previously served as the 37th vice ...

on June 16, 1964, to a seat on the

vacated by Judge Irvin Charles Mollison. He was confirmed by the

United States Senate The United States Senate is the upper chamber of the United States Congress, with the House of Representatives being the lower chamber. Together they compose the national bicameral legislature of the United States. The composition and pow ...

on September 15, 1964, and received his commission on September 15, 1964. His service terminated on November 30, 1966, due to his elevation to the Court of Claims. Nichols was nominated by President Johnson on October 6, 1966, to the United States Court of Claims, to a new seat authorized by 80 Stat. 139. He was confirmed by the Senate on October 21, 1966, and received his commission on November 3, 1966. He was reassigned by

operation of law The phrase "by operation of law" is a legal term that indicates that a right or liability has been created for a party, irrespective of the intent of that party, because it is dictated by existing legal principles. For example, if a person dies wi ...

to the

on October 1, 1982, to a new seat authorized by 96 Stat. 25. He assumed

senior status Senior status is a form of semi- retirement for United States federal judges. To qualify, a judge in the federal court system must be at least 65 years old, and the sum of the judge's age and years of service as a federal judge must be at leas ...

on October 1, 1983. His service terminated on Friday, January 26, 1990, due to his death from heart attack at Georgetown University Hospital in Washington, D.C.Nichols Jr., 82"
''New York Times.'' Accessed on November 1, 2018.

References

Sources

* * {{DEFAULTSORT:Nichols, Philip Jr. 1907 births 1990 deaths Judges of the United States Court of Claims Judges of the United States Court of Appeals for the Federal Circuit United States Navy officers Lawyers from Boston Harvard Law School alumni Judges of the United States Customs Court United States federal judges appointed by Lyndon B. Johnson 20th-century American judges Commissioners of the United States Customs Service Harvard College alumni