Philippe François Rouxel, viscount de Blanchelande (21 February 1735 – 15 April 1793) was a French military officer, nobleman and colonial administrator who served as the governor of Saint-Domingue from 1790 to 1792. He was born on 21 February 1735 in

Dijon Dijon (, , ) (dated) * it, Digione * la, Diviō or * lmo, Digion is the prefecture of the Côte-d'Or department and of the Bourgogne-Franche-Comté region in northeastern France. the commune had a population of 156,920. The earlies ...

France France (), officially the French Republic ( ), is a country primarily located in Western Europe. It also comprises of Overseas France, overseas regions and territories in the Americas and the Atlantic Ocean, Atlantic, Pacific Ocean, Pac ...

, and subsequently enlisted in the

French Royal Army The French Royal Army (french: Armée Royale Française) was the principal land force of the Kingdom of France. It served the Bourbon Dynasty from the reign of Louis XIV in the mid-17th century to that of Charles X in the 19th, with an interlude ...

, rising to the rank of ''

Maréchal de camp ''Maréchal de camp'' (sometimes incorrectly translated as field marshal) was a general officer rank used by the French Army until 1848. The rank originated from the older rank of sergeant major general ( French: ''sergent-major général''). Se ...

'' by 1781. In that year, Blanchelande led a French expeditionary force which captured Tobago from the

British British may refer to: Peoples, culture, and language * British people, nationals or natives of the United Kingdom, British Overseas Territories, and Crown Dependencies. ** Britishness, the British identity and common culture * British English, ...

. He was subsequently made governor of the island, serving from 1781 to 1784. Blanchelande subsequently succeeded

Antoine de Thomassin de Peynier Louis Antoine de Thomassin de Peynier, known as Antoine de Thomassin, comte de Peynier (27 September 1731 – 11 October 1809) was an officer of the French Royal Navy and a colonial administrator of the Kingdom of France. Biography Early ye ...

as governor of

Saint-Domingue Saint-Domingue () was a French colony in the western portion of the Caribbean island of Hispaniola, in the area of modern-day Haiti, from 1659 to 1804. The name derives from the Spanish main city in the island, Santo Domingo, which came to refer ...

at the end of 1790. In 1791, during the

Haitian Revolution The Haitian Revolution (french: révolution haïtienne ; ht, revolisyon ayisyen) was a successful insurrection by slave revolt, self-liberated slaves against French colonial rule in Saint-Domingue, now the sovereign state of Haiti. The revolt ...

, Rouxel led French troops against rebel slaves led by

Dutty Boukman Dutty Boukman (or Boukman Dutty; died 7 November 1791) was an early leader of the Haitian Revolution. Born in Senegambia (present-day Senegal and Gambia), he was enslaved to Jamaica. He eventually ended up in Haiti, where he became a leader ...

. In 1792, he was replaced as governor by

Adrien-Nicolas Piédefer, marquis de La Salle Adrien-Nicolas Piédefer, marquis de La Salle, comte d'Offrémont (1735 – 1818) was a French writer and cavalry officer who saw service in the Seven Years' War, a writer of comedy, comedies and libretto, libretti, and a freemason, Masonic brother ...

, who would himself be replaced by

François-Thomas Galbaud du Fort François-Thomas Galbaud du Fort (or Dufort; 25 September 1743 – 21 April 1801) was a French general who was briefly governor-general of Saint-Domingue. He arrived at a time when the planters were hostile to the new French First Republic with ...

after June 1793. Convicted of counter-revolutionary actions and

treason Treason is the crime of attacking a state authority to which one owes allegiance. This typically includes acts such as participating in a war against one's native country, attempting to overthrow its government, spying on its military, its diplo ...

, Blanchelande was condemned to the

guillotine A guillotine is an apparatus designed for efficiently carrying out executions by beheading. The device consists of a tall, upright frame with a weighted and angled blade suspended at the top. The condemned person is secured with stocks at th ...

by the

Revolutionary Tribunal The Revolutionary Tribunal (french: Tribunal révolutionnaire; unofficially Popular Tribunal) was a court instituted by the National Convention during the French Revolution for the trial of political offenders. It eventually became one of the ...

on 11 April 1793 and executed on 15 April.

Notes

External links

* The Louverture Project
Philibert François Rouxel de Blanchelande
- Article from Haitian history wiki. {{DEFAULTSORT:Rouxel De Blanchelande Governors of Trinidad and Tobago Governors of Saint-Domingue French military personnel of the American Revolutionary War People of the Haitian Revolution French people executed by guillotine during the French Revolution Military personnel from Dijon 1735 births 1793 deaths