The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family

Tettigoniidae Insects in the family Tettigoniidae are commonly called katydids (especially in North America), or bush crickets. They have previously been known as "long-horned grasshoppers". More than 8,000 species are known. Part of the suborder Ensifera, t ...

. Nearly 2,060 species in 85 genera throughout the world are known. They are also known as false katydids or round-headed katydids. The name Phaneropterinae is based upon the Old World genus ''

Phaneroptera ''Phaneroptera'' is an Old World genus of bush crickets in the family Tettigoniidae and is the type genus of the subfamily Phaneropterinae. It was described by Jean Guillaume Audinet-Serville in 1831 and species are recorded from Europe, Africa ...

'' (type species '' P. falcata''), meaning "visible wing"; this refers to the exposed tips of the inner wings seen in many species, although some genera, notably in the tribes

Barbitistini The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae. Nearly 2,060 species in 85 genera throughout the world are known. They are also known as false katydids or round-h ...

and

Odonturini The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae. Nearly 2,060 species in 85 genera throughout the world are known. They are also known as false katydids or round-h ...

have become

brachypterous Brachyptery is an anatomical condition in which an animal has very reduced wings. Such animals or their wings may be described as "brachypterous". Another descriptor for very small wings is microptery. Brachypterous wings generally are not functi ...

Description

The legs of individuals in this subfamily vary from genus to genus, but, as in nearly all

Orthoptera Orthoptera () is an order of insects that comprises the grasshoppers, locusts, and crickets, including closely related insects, such as the bush crickets or katydids and wētā. The order is subdivided into two suborders: Caelifera – grassho ...

, the posterior (rear) legs are adapted to leaping, and as such are always much longer than other legs. The Phaneropterinae are largely arboreal in habitat. The vast majority of species live in shrubs and trees, feeding on leaves and twigs. Some species might potentially cause significant damage, though usually superficial, when present in large numbers, but this is rare; they usually are solitary, unlike meadow grasshoppers, so much so that they seldom come to human notice. The

ovipositor The ovipositor is a tube-like organ used by some animals, especially insects, for the laying of eggs. In insects, an ovipositor consists of a maximum of three pairs of appendages. The details and morphology of the ovipositor vary, but typical ...

and male genitalia vary according to the genus. The Phaneropterinae differ from other subfamilies of Tettigoniidae (and other Orthoptera) in their oviposition; their eggs are rarely deposited in the earth, but are either glued in double rows to twigs, or are inserted in the edges of leaves.

Taxonomy

The subfamily Phaneropterinae was first erected in 1838 by German

zoologist Zoology ()The pronunciation of zoology as is usually regarded as nonstandard, though it is not uncommon. is the branch of biology that studies the Animal, animal kingdom, including the anatomy, structure, embryology, evolution, Biological clas ...

Hermann Burmeister. , Orthoptera Species File lists the following tribes, subtribes, genus groups, and genera.

Acrometopini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Europe, the Middle East, Africa *''

Acrometopa ''Acrometopa'' is a genus of bush crickets in the subfamily Phaneropterinae The Phaneropterinae, the sickle-bearing bush crickets or leaf katydids, are a subfamily of insects within the family Tettigoniidae. Nearly 2,060 species in 85 genera ...

'' Fieber, 1853 *'' Altihoratosphaga'' Hemp, Voje, Heller & Hemp, 2010 *'' Conchotopoda'' Karsch, 1887 *'' Horatosphaga'' Schaum, 1853 *'' Lamecosoma'' Ragge, 1960 *'' Peronura'' Karsch, 1889 *'' Peronurella'' Hemp, 2017 *'' Prosphaga'' Ragge, 1960 *'' Tenerasphaga'' Hemp, 2017

Amblycoryphini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas, Africa Round-headed katydid - Flickr - treegrow

Barbitistini

Auth.: Jacobson, 1905 – Europe to central Asia Phaneropterinae - Barbitistes obtusus

Isophya dochia copula - ZooKeys-254-001-g002-7

Catoptropterigini

Auth.: Massa, 2016 – Africa *'' Catoptropteryx'' Karsch, 1890 *'' Griffinipteryx'' Massa, 2016

Ducetiini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, India, China, Indochina to Australia Ducetia

*'' Abaxisotima'' Gorochov, 2005 *'' Agnapha'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891 *'' Ducetia'' Stål, 1874 *'' Kuwayamaea'' Matsumura & Shiraki, 1908 *'' Noia'' Walker, 1870 *'' Paraducetia'' Gorochov & Kang, 2002 *'' Paragnapha'' Willemse, 1923 *'' Prohimerta'' Hebard, 1922 *'' Shirakisotima'' Furukawa, 1963 *'' Subibulbistridulous'' Shi, 2002

Dysoniini

Auth.: Rehn, 1950 – tropical Americas

Ectemnini

Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – tropical Americas *'' Ectemna'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 *'' Euthyrrhachis'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878

Elimaeini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891 – Asia Elimaea punctifera

*'' Ectadia'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 *'' Elimaea'' Stål, 1874 *'' Hemielimaea'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 *'' Orthelimaea'' Karny, 1926

Holochlorini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Asia-Pacific

Insarini

Auth.: Rehn, & Hebard, 1914 – tropical & subtropical Americas *'' Arethaea'' Stål, 1876 *'' Brachyinsara'' Rehn & Hebard, 1914 *'' Insara'' Walker, 1869 *'' Psilinsara'' Hebard, 1932

Kevaniellini

Auth.: Massa, 2017 – eastern Africa *'' Kevaniella'' Chopard, 1954

Letanini

Auth.: Hebard, 1922 – Asia *'' Himertula'' Uvarov, 1940 *'' Letana'' Walker, 1869

Microcentrini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas

Mirolliini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Asia *'' Amirollia'' Ingrisch, 2011 *'' Deflorita'' Bolívar, 1906 *'' Hemimirollia'' Ingrisch, 2011 *'' Hueikaeana'' Ingrisch, 1998 *'' Mirollia'' Stål, 1873

Morgeniini

Auth.: Karsch, 1890 - central and western Africa *'' Mangomaloba'' Sjöstedt, 1902 *'' Morgenia'' Karsch, 1890

Odonturini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas, Iberian peninsula, Africa, Pacific islands

Otiaphysini

Auth.: Karsch, 1889 - Africa *'' Debrona'' Walker, 1870 *'' Drepanophyllum'' Karsch, 1890 *'' Stenamblyphyllum'' Karsch, 1896 *'' Tetraconcha'' Karsch, 1890

Pardalotini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 - Africa *'' Pardalota'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 *'' Poecilogramma'' Karsch, 1887

Percynini

Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – South America *'' Percyna'' Grant, 1964 *'' Sictuna'' Walker, 1869

Phaneropterini

Auth.: Burmeister, 1838 – distributed worldwide Phaneropterinae - Phaneroptera nana

Phlaurocentrini

Auth.: Karsch, 1889 – Africa *'' Buettneria'' Karsch, 1889 *'' Leiodontocercus'' Chopard, 1954 *'' Phlaurocentrum'' Karsch, 1889

Phyllopterini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878

Plagiopleurini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – South America *'' Diplophyllus'' Saussure, 1859 *'' Parableta'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 *'' Plagiopleura'' Stål, 1873

Plangiopsidini

Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – Africa *'' Plangiola'' Bolívar, 1906 *'' Plangiopsis'' Karsch, 1889

Poreuomenini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa *'' Cestromoecha'' Karsch, 1893 *'' Paraporeuomena'' Massa, 2018 *'' Poreuomena'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878

Preussiini

Auth.: Karsch, 1890 – Africa *'' Enochletica'' Karsch, 1896 *'' Preussia'' Karsch, 1890 *'' Weissenbornia'' Karsch, 1888

Pycnopalpini

Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2014 – Central and South America

Scudderiini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Americas Scudderia sp

Steirodontini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – South America Saltamontes hoja verde

*'' Cnemidophyllum'' Rehn, 1917 *'' Emsleyfolium'' Cadena-Castañeda, Mendes & Alves-Oliveira, 2016 *'' Nicklephyllum'' Cadena-Castañeda, 2016 *'' Steirodon'' Serville, 1831 *'' Stilpnochlora'' Stål, 1873

Terpnistrini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Sri Lanka *'' Diogena'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 *'' Gelotopoia'' Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1891 *'' Terpnistria'' Stål, 1873 *'' Terpnistrioides'' Ragge, 1980 *'' Tropidophrys'' Karsch, 1896

Trigonocoryphini

Auth.: Bei-Bienko, 1954 – Middle East, India, Malaysia *'' Cosmozoma'' Karsch, 1889 *'' Megotoessa'' Karsch, 1889 *'' Trigonocorypha'' Stål, 1873

Tylopsidini

Auth.: Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1878 – Africa, Europe, Middle East, western Asia Phaneropterinae - Tylopsis lilifolia-1

*'' Tylopsis'' Fieber, 1853

Vossiini

Auth.: Cadena-Castañeda, 2015 – Africa, Asia

Zeuneriini

Katydid (Zeuneria melanopeza) (6812341511)

Auth.: Karsh, 1890 - tropical Africa *'' Gravenreuthia'' Karsch, 1892 *'' Zeuneria'' Karsch, 1889

Genus groups

Subtribe Trachyzulphina Gorochov, 2014 – China, Indochina, Malesia *'' Trachyzulpha'' Dohrn, 1892 Genus groups include: Mountain Katydid