''Phanerophthalmus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of medium-sized

sea snail Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...

s or bubble snails,

marine Marine is an adjective meaning of or pertaining to the sea or ocean. Marine or marines may refer to: Ocean * Maritime (disambiguation) * Marine art * Marine biology * Marine debris * Marine habitats * Marine life * Marine pollution Military * ...

opisthobranch Opisthobranchs () is now an informal name for a large and diverse group of specialized complex gastropods which used to be united in the subclass Opisthobranchia. That taxon is no longer considered to represent a monophyletic grouping. Euopisth ...

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusc Mollusca is the second-largest phylum of invertebrate animals after the Arthropoda, the members of which are known as molluscs or mollusks (). Around 85,000 extant species of molluscs are recognized. The number of fossil species is esti ...

s in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Haminoeidae Haminoeidae, commonly known as the haminoeid bubble snail family, is a taxonomic family of sea snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Haminoeoidea. The name of this family has long been controversial, and used to be A ...

, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Phanerophthalmus A. Adams, 1850. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=599465 on 2022-01-04

Species

* '' Phanerophthalmus albocollaris'' Heller & T. E. Thompson, 1983 * '' Phanerophthalmus albotriangulatus'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018 * '' Phanerophthalmus anettae'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018 * '' Phanerophthalmus batangas'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018 * '' Phanerophthalmus boucheti'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018 * ''

Phanerophthalmus cerverai ''Phanerophthalmus'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.M ...

'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018 * ''

Phanerophthalmus cylindricus ''Phanerophthalmus'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae Haminoeidae, commonly known as the haminoeid bubble snail family, is a taxonomic family of sea snail ...

'' (Pease, 1861) * '' Phanerophthalmus engeli'' (Labbé, 1934) * '' Phanerophthalmus lentigines'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018 * '' Phanerophthalmus luteus'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) * '' Phanerophthalmus minikoiensis'' (E. A. Smith, 1903) * '' Phanerophthalmus olivaceus'' (Ehrenberg, 1828) * ''

Phanerophthalmus paulayi ''Phanerophthalmus'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.M ...

'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018 * ''

Phanerophthalmus perpallidus ''Phanerophthalmus'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.M ...

'' Risbec, 1928 * ''

Phanerophthalmus purpura ''Phanerophthalmus'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.M ...

'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018 * ''

Phanerophthalmus rudmani ''Phanerophthalmus'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.M ...

'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018 * ''

Phanerophthalmus tibiricae ''Phanerophthalmus'' is a genus of medium-sized sea snails or bubble snails, marine opisthobranch gastropod molluscs in the family Haminoeidae, the haminoea bubble snails, part of the clade Cephalaspidea, the headshield slugs and bubble snails.M ...

'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018 ;Synonyms: * ''Phanerophthalmus albotriangulatum'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018: synonym of ''Phanerophthalmus albotriangulatus'' Austin, Gosliner & Malaquias, 2018 (wrong gender agreement of specific epithet) * ''Phanerophthalmus collaris'' Eales, 1938: synonym of ''Phanerophthalmus minikoiensis'' (E. A. Smith, 1903) (uncertain synonym) * ''Phanerophthalmus pauper'' Bergh, 1905: synonym of ''Phanerophthalmus luteus'' (Quoy & Gaimard, 1833) * ''Phanerophthalmus smaragdinus'' (Rüppell & Leuckart, 1830): synonym of ''Phanerophthalmus olivaceus'' (Ehrenberg, 1828)

References

* Rudman, W. B. (1972). The herbivorous opisthobranch genera Phanerophthalmus A. Adams and Smaragdinella A. Adams. Proceedings of the Malacological Society of London. 40: 189-210

External links

Adams, A. (1850). Monograph of the family Bullidae. In: G.B. Sowerby II (ed.), Thesaurus Conchyliorum, vol. 2: 553-608, pls 119-125. London, privately published

Ehrenberg C.G. (1828-1831). Animalia evertebrata exclusis Insectis. Series prima. In: F.G. Hemprich & C.G. Ehrenberg, Symbolae physicae, seu icones et descriptiones Mammalium, Avium, Insectorum et animalia evertebra, quae ex itinere per Africam borealem et Asiam occidentalem studio nova aut illustrata redierunt. 126 pp. (1831), 10 pls (1828)

Pruvot-Fol, A. (1931-1932). Notes de systématique sur les opisthobranches. Bulletin du Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle. ser. 2, 3(3): 308-316

Gray, J. E. (1850). (text). In: Gray, M. E., Figures of molluscous animals, selected from various authors. Longman, Brown, Green and Longmans, London. Vol. 4, iv + 219 pp. (August)

Austin J., Gosliner T. & Malaquias M.A.E. (2018). Systematic revision, diversity patterns and trophic ecology of the tropical Indo-West Pacific sea slug genus Phanerophthalmus A. Adams, 1850 (Cephalaspidea, Haminoeidae). Invertebrate Systematics. 32(6): 1336-1387

Yonow N. & Jensen K.R. (2018). Results of the Rumphius Biohistorical Expedition to Ambon (1990). Part 17. The Cephalaspidea, Anaspidea, Pleurobranchia, and Sacoglossa (Mollusca: Gastropoda: Heterobranchia). Archiv für Molluskenkunde. 147(1): 1-48

Oskars T.R., Too C.C., Rees D., Mikkelsen P.M., Willassen E. & Malaquias M.A.E. (2019). A molecular phylogeny of the gastropod family Haminoeidae sensu lato (Heterobranchia: Cephalaspidea): a generic revision. Invertebrate Systematics. 33: 426-472
{{Taxonbar, from=Q1033382 Haminoeidae Gastropod genera