''Phalangium'' is a genus of

harvestmen The Opiliones (formerly Phalangida) are an order of arachnids colloquially known as harvestmen, harvesters, harvest spiders, or daddy longlegs. , over 6,650 species of harvestmen have been discovered worldwide, although the total number of ext ...

, that occurs mostly in the

Old World The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by the ...

. The best known species is ''

Phalangium opilio ''Phalangium opilio'' is a species of harvestman belonging to the family Phalangiidae. Distribution It is "the most widespread species of harvestman in the world", occurring natively in Europe, and much of Asia. The species has been introduced ...

'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman".

Species

The genus ''Phalangium'' contains the following species: * '' Phalangium aegyptiacum'' Savigny, 1816 (Egypt) * '' Phalangium bilineatum'' Fabricius, 1779 * ''

Phalangium cancroides ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Müller, 1776 * '' Phalangium clavipus'' Roewer, 1911 (

Majorca Mallorca, or Majorca, is the largest island in the Balearic Islands, which are part of Spain and located in the Mediterranean. The capital of the island, Palma, is also the capital of the autonomous community of the Balearic Islands. The Bal ...

) * '' Phalangium conigerum'' Sørensen, 1912 * ''

Phalangium coronatum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Fabricius, 1779 * ''

Phalangium crassum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Dufour, 1831 * ''

Phalangium cristatum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Olivier, 1791 * ''

Phalangium grossipes ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Müller, 1776 * '' Phalangium iberica'' Schenkel, 1939 (Spain) * ''

Phalangium incanum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' C. L. Koch, 1839 * ''

Phalangium licenti ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Schenkel, 1953 * ''

Phalangium ligusticum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' (Roewer, 1923) (

Liguria Liguria (; lij, Ligûria ; french: Ligurie) is a Regions of Italy, region of north-western Italy; its Capital city, capital is Genoa. Its territory is crossed by the Alps and the Apennine Mountains, Apennines Mountain chain, mountain range and is ...

, Italy) * ''

Phalangium lineola ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Dufour, 1831 * ''

Phalangium litorale ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Störm, 1762 * '' Phalangium lupatum'' Eichwald, 1830 * ''

Phalangium mamillatum ''Phalangium'' is a genus of harvestmen, that occurs mostly in the Old World. The best known species is ''Phalangium opilio'', which is so common in many temperate regions that it is simply called "harvestman". Species The genus ''Phalangium'' ...

'' Gervais, 1844 (Spain) * '' Phalangium mesomelas'' Soerensen, 1910 (

Kilimanjaro Mount Kilimanjaro () is a dormant volcano in Tanzania. It has three volcanic cones: Kibo, Mawenzi, and Shira. It is the highest mountain in Africa and the highest free-standing mountain above sea level in the world: above sea level and ab ...

) * '' Phalangium minutum'' Meade, 1861 * '' Phalangium mucronatum'' Müller, 1776 * '' Phalangium muscorum'' Latreille, 1802 * ''

'' Linnaeus, 1761 (Holarctic) * '' Phalangium ortoni'' Wood, 1869 (Ecuador) * '' Phalangium pallidum'' Müller, 1776 * '' Phalangium palmatum'' Herbst, 1797 * '' Phalangium punctipes'' (L. Koch, 1878) (Armenia) * '' Phalangium pygnogonum'' Müller, 1776 * '' Phalangium riedeli'' Starega, 1973 * '' Phalangium rubens'' Hermann, 1804 * '' Phalangium rudipalpe'' Gervais, 1849 * '' Phalangium savignyi'' Savignyi, 1826 (Egypt, Italy) * '' Phalangium spiniferum'' Cantor, 1842 (

Zhoushan Zhoushan , formerly romanized as Chusan, is an urbanized archipelago with the administrative status of a prefecture-level city in the eastern Chinese province of Zhejiang. It consists of an archipelago of islands at the southern mouth of H ...

, China) * '' Phalangium targionii'' (Canestrini, 1871) (Mediterranean) * '' Phalangium tricuspidatum'' Dufour, 1831 * '' Phalangium uncatum'' Hermann, 1804 (Austria)

Valid species (as of 2014)

Source Of the 35 species listed above, 6 are valid 'P. ligusticum'', ''P. opilio'' (originally described in 1758, not 1761), ''P. punctipes'', ''P. riedeli'', ''P. savignyi'' (originally described by Audouin, not Savigny) & ''P. targionii'' 3 belong to different genera of the opiliones, 4 belong to different arachnid orders, 2 are ''species inquirenda'' and 20 are ''nomina dubia''. The type species is ''P. opilio'', not ''P. iberica'' hich has been synonymised with ''Metaphalangium cirtanum'' (CL Koch, 1839) as designated by Latreille in 1810. In addition to the 6 valid names from the above list, the genus ''Bactrophalangium'' (with its 2 species) has been synonymized into ''Phalangium'', 8 species have been described since 2005 and one species described in 1953 is missing from the above list, making a total of 17 species currently recognized as valid.

References

Harvestmen {{Opiliones-stub