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The Pfizer Award is awarded annually by the
History of Science Society The History of Science Society (HSS) is the primary professional society for the academic study of the history of science. It was founded in 1924 by George Sarton, David Eugene Smith, and Lawrence Joseph Henderson, primarily to support the public ...
"in recognition of an outstanding book dealing with the
history of science The history of science covers the development of science from ancient times to the present. It encompasses all three major branches of science: natural, social, and formal. Science's earliest roots can be traced to Ancient Egypt and Meso ...
"


Recipients

* 1959
Marie Boas Hall Marie Boas Hall (October 18, 1919 – February 23, 2009) was a historian of science and is considered one of the postwar period pioneers of the study of the Scientific Revolution during the 16th and 17th centuries. Biography and career Marie ...
, ''Robert Boyle and Seventeenth-Century Chemistry'' (New York: Cambridge University Press, 1958). * 1960
Marshall Clagett Marshall Clagett (January 23, 1916, Washington, D.C. – October 21, 2005, Princeton, New Jersey) was an American history of science, historian of science who specialized in Science in the Middle Ages, medieval science. John Murdoch describes him ...
, ''The Science of Mechanics in the Middle Ages'' (Madison:
University of Wisconsin Press The University of Wisconsin Press (sometimes abbreviated as UW Press) is a non-profit university press publishing peer-reviewed books and journals. It publishes work by scholars from the global academic community; works of fiction, memoir and po ...
, 1959). * 1961
Cyril Stanley Smith Cyril Stanley Smith (4 October 1903 – 25 August 1992) was a British metallurgist and historian of science. He is most famous for his work on the Manhattan Project where he was responsible for the production of fissionable metals. A graduate ...
, ''A History of Metallography: The Development of Ideas on the Structure of Metal before 1890'' (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1960). * 1962
Henry Guerlac Henry Edward Guerlac (June 14, 1910 – May 29, 1985) was an American historian of science. He taught at Cornell University where he was the Goldwin Smith Professor of History and a member of the Department of History. Biography Guerlac earned ...
, ''Lavoisier, The Crucial Year: The Background and Origin of His First Experiments on Combustion in 1772'' (Ithaca, N.Y.:
Cornell University Press The Cornell University Press is the university press of Cornell University; currently housed in Sage House, the former residence of Henry William Sage. It was first established in 1869, making it the first university publishing enterprise in th ...
, 1961) * 1963
Lynn Townsend White Jr. Lynn Townsend White Jr. (April 29, 1907 – March 30, 1987) was an American historian. He was a professor of Middle Ages, medieval history at Princeton University, Princeton from 1933 to 1937, and at Stanford University, Stanford from 1937 to 194 ...
, ''Medieval Technology and Social Change'' (New York: Oxford University Press, 1962). * 1964 , ''The Lunar Society of Birmingham: A Social History of Provincial Science and Industry in Eighteenth-Century England'' (London: Oxford University Press, 1963). * 1965 , ''Andreas Vesalius of Brussels, 1514-1564'' (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1964). * 1966
L. Pearce Williams Leslie Pearce Williams (September 8, 1927 – February 8, 2015) was a chaired professor at Cornell University's Department of History who also chaired the department for many years. He was the founder, in the mid-1980s, of Cornell's program in the ...
, ''Michael Faraday: A Biography'' (New York: Basic Books, 1965). * 1967 , ''Marcello Malpighi and the Evolution of Embryology'' (Ithaca, N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1966). * 1968
Edward Rosen Edward Rosen (12 December 1906 – 28 March 1985) was an American historian, whose main field of study was early modern science and, in particular, the work of Copernicus, Galileo and Kepler. Academic life Edward Rosen's academic life, includ ...
, ''Kepler's Somnium'' (Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1967). * 1969 Margaret T. May, ''Galen on the Usefulness of the Parts of the Body'' (Ithaca. N.Y.: Cornell University Press, 1968). * 1970
Michael Ghiselin Michael T. Ghiselin (born May 13, 1939) is an American biologist and philosopher as well as historian of biology, formerly at the California Academy of Sciences. He is known for his work on sea slugs, and for his criticism of the falsification of ...
, ''The Triumph of the Darwinian Method'' (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1969). * 1971 , ''The Lysenko Affair'' (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press, 1970). * 1972
Richard S. Westfall Richard S. Westfall (April 22, 1924 – August 21, 1996) was an American academic, biography, biographer and historian of science. He is best known for his biography of Isaac Newton and his work on the scientific revolution of the 17th century. ...
, ''Force in Newton's Physics: The Science of Dynamics in the Seventeenth Century'' (New York: American Elsevier, 1971). * 1973
Joseph S. Fruton Joseph Stewart Fruton (May 14, 1912 – July 29, 2007), born Joseph Fruchtgarten, was a Polish-American biochemist and historian of science. His most significant scientific work involved synthetic peptides and their interactions with proteases; ...
, ''Molecules and Life: Historical Essays on the Interplay ofChemistry and Biology'' (New York: John Wiley, 1972). * 1974 , ''The Edge of an Unfamiliar World: A History of Oceanography'' (New York: Dutton, 1973). * 1975
Frederic L. Holmes Frederic Lawrence Holmes (6 February 1932, Cincinnati, Ohio – 21 March 2003, New Haven, Connecticut) was an American historian of science, specifically for chemistry, medicine and biology. Holmes earned his bachelor's degree in biology from Massa ...
, ''Claude Bernard and Animal Chemistry: The Emergence of a Scientist'' (Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1974). * 1976
Otto E. Neugebauer Otto Eduard Neugebauer (May 26, 1899 – February 19, 1990) was an Austrian-American mathematician and historian of science who became known for his research on the history of astronomy and the other exact sciences as they were practiced in anti ...
, ''A History of Ancient Mathematical Astronomy'' (3 vols.) (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1975). * 1977 Stephen G. Brush, ''The Kind of Motion We Call Heat'' (Amsterdam/New York: North-Holland, 1976). * 1978
Allen G. Debus Allen George Debus (August 16, 1926 – March 6, 2009) was an American historian of science, known primarily for his work on the history of chemistry and alchemy. In 1991 he was honored at the University of Chicago with an academic conference he ...
, ''The Chemical Philosophy: Paracelsian Science and Medicine in the Sixteenth and Seventeenth Centuries'' (New York: Science History Publications, 1977). * 1978
Merritt Roe Smith Merritt Roe Smith (1940) is an American historian. He is the Leverett and William Cutten Professor of the History of Technology at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Life Smith graduated from Georgetown University, and Pennsylvania State U ...
, Harpers Ferry Armory and the New Technology: The Challenge of Change (Ithaca, N.Y./London: Cornell University Press, 1977). * 1979
Susan Faye Cannon Susan Faye Cannon, born Walter Faw Cannon (October 15, 1925, in Durham, North Carolina –November 6, 1981), was an American historian of science, physicist, and Smithsonian curator. Career In 1947, Cannon gained a bachelor's degree in physics ...
, ''Science in Culture: The Early Victorian Period'' (New York: Science History Publications, 1978). * 1980 Frank J. Sulloway, ''Freud, Biologist of the Mind: Beyond the Psychoanalytic Legend'' (New York: Basic Books, 1979). * 1981
Charles Coulston Gillispie Charles Coulston Gillispie (; August 6, 1918 – October 6, 2015) was an American historian of science. He was the Dayton-Stockton Professor of History of Science, Emeritus at Princeton University. He was succeeded by Arno J. Mayer. Life The son ...
, ''Science and Polity in France at the End of the Old Regime'' (Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1980). * 1982 Thomas Goldstein, ''Dawn of Modern Science: From the Arabs to Leonardo da Vinci'' (New York: Hougbton Mifllin, 1980). * 1983
Richard S. Westfall Richard S. Westfall (April 22, 1924 – August 21, 1996) was an American academic, biography, biographer and historian of science. He is best known for his biography of Isaac Newton and his work on the scientific revolution of the 17th century. ...
, ''Never at Rest: A Biography of Isaac Newton'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1980). * 1984 Kenneth R. Manning, '' Black Apollo of Science: The Life of Ernest Everett Just'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1983). * 1985
Noel Swerdlow Noel Mark Swerdlow (9 September 1941 – 24 July 2021) was a professor emeritus of history, astronomy and astrophysics at the University of Chicago. He was a visiting professor at the California Institute of Technology. Career Swerdlow specia ...
and
Otto Neugebauer Otto Eduard Neugebauer (May 26, 1899 – February 19, 1990) was an Austrian-American mathematician and historian of science who became known for his research on the history of astronomy and the other exact sciences as they were practiced in anti ...
, ''Mathematical Astronomy in Copernicus's De Revolutionibus'' (New York: Springer-Verlag, 1984). * 1986
I. Bernard Cohen I. Bernard Cohen (1 March 1914 – 20 June 2003) was the Victor S. Thomas Professor of the history of science at Harvard University and the author of many books on the history of science and, in particular, Isaac Newton and Benjamin Franklin. C ...
, ''Revolution in Science'' (Cambridge, Massachusetts: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1985). * 1987
Christa Jungnickel Christa Jungnickel (11 April 1935 – 12 August 1990) was a German-American historian of science. Life Jungnickel was originally from Germany, one of three daughters of a German soldier who was lost in Russia during World War II. As a teenager, ...
and
Russell McCormmach Russell Keith McCormmach (born 9 October 1933), the husband of the late Christa Jungnickel, is an American historian of physics. McCormmach grew up in Walla Walla, Washington and studied physics at Washington State College with bachelor's degree i ...
, '' Intellectual Mastery of Nature: Theoretical Physics from Ohm to Einstein'' (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1986). * 1988
Robert J. Richards Robert J. Richards (born 1942) is an author and the Morris Fishbein Distinguished Service Professor of the History of Science and Medicine at the University of Chicago. He has written or edited seven books about the history of science as well as ...
, ''Darwin and the Emergence of Evolutionary Theories of Mind and Behavior'' (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1987). * 1989
Lorraine Daston Lorraine Daston (born June 9, 1951 in East Lansing, Michigan) is an American historian of science. Director emerita of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science (MPIWG) in Berlin, and visiting professor in the Committee on Social Thoug ...
, ''Classical Probability in the Enlightenment'' (Princeton, NJ.: Princeton University Press, 1988). * 1990 and
M. Norton Wise Matthew Norton Wise (born 1940) is an American historian of science who serves as a professor at the University of California, Los Angeles (UCLA). He is also the co-director of the UCLA Center for Society and Genetics. He has famously attacked G ...
, ''Energy and Empire: A Biographical Study of Lord Kelvin'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989). * 1991
Adrian Desmond Adrian John Desmond (born 1947) is an English writer on the history of science and author of books about Charles Darwin. Life He studied physiology at London University and went on to study history of science and vertebrate palaeontology at Unive ...
, ''The Politics of Evolution: Morphology, Medicine, and Reform in Radical London'' (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989). * 1991 Servos, John W.
''Physical chemistry from Ostwald to Pauling : the making of a science in America''
Princeton, N.J. : Princeton University Press, 1990. * 1992 James R. Bartholomew, ''The Formation of Science in Japan: Building a Research Tradition'' (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1989). * 1993 David C. Cassidy, '' Uncertainty: The Life and Science of Werner Heisenberg'' (New York: Freeman, 1992). * 1994 Joan Cadden, ''The Meanings of Sex Difference in the Middle Ages'' (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993). * 1995
Pamela H. Smith Pamela H. Smith is a historian of science specializing in attitudes to nature in early modern Europe (1350-1700), with particular attention to craft knowledge and the role of craftspeople in the Scientific Revolution. She is the Seth Low Professor ...
, ''The Business of Alchemy: Science and Culture in the Holy Roman Empire'' (Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1994). * 1996 Paula Findlen, ''Possessing Nature: Museums, Collecting, and Scientific Culture in Early Modern Italy'' (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1995). * 1997
Margaret W. Rossiter Margaret W. Rossiter (born July 1944) is an American historian of science, and Marie Underhill Noll Professor of the History of Science, at Cornell University. Rossiter coined the term Matilda effect for the systematic suppression of information ...
, ''Women Scientists in America: Before Affirmative Action, 1940-1972'' (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1995). * 1998
Peter Galison Peter Louis Galison (born May 17, 1955, New York) is an American historian and philosopher of science. He is the Joseph Pellegrino University Professor in history of science and physics at Harvard University. Biography Galison received his Ph. ...
, ''Image and Logic: A Material Culture of Microphysics'' (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1997). * 1999
Lorraine Daston Lorraine Daston (born June 9, 1951 in East Lansing, Michigan) is an American historian of science. Director emerita of the Max Planck Institute for the History of Science (MPIWG) in Berlin, and visiting professor in the Committee on Social Thoug ...
and
Katharine Park Katharine Park is a Radcliffe Professor of the History of Science at Harvard University. She specializes in the history of gender, sexuality, and the female body in medieval and Renaissance Europe, as well as categories and practices of experience ...
, ''Wonders and the Order of Nature'', 1150-1750 (Zone Books, 1998). * 2000 , ''The Science of Energy: A Cultural History of Energy Physics'' (University of Chicago Press, 1998). * 2001 John L. Heilbron, ''The Sun in the Church: Cathedrals as Solar Observatories'' (Harvard University Press, 1999). * 2002
James A. Secord James Andrew Secord (born 18 March 1953) is an American-born historian. He is a professor of history and philosophy of science within the Department of History and Philosophy of Science at the University of Cambridge, and a fellow of Christ's Coll ...
, ''Victorian Sensation: The Extraordinary Publication, Reception, and Secret Authorship of ''Vestiges of the Natural History of Creation (University of Chicago Press, 2000). * 2003 , ''The Man Who Flattened the Earth: Maupertuis and the Sciences in the Enlightenment'' (University of Chicago Press, 2002). * 2004
Janet Browne Elizabeth Janet Browne (née Bell, born 30 March 1950) is a British historian of science, known especially for her work on the history of 19th-century biology. She taught at the Wellcome Trust Centre for the History of Medicine, University Coll ...
, ''Charles Darwin: The Power of Place'' (Princeton University Press, 2003) * 2005 William Newman and
Lawrence Principe Lawrence M. Principe () is the Drew Professor of the Humanities at Johns Hopkins University in the Department of History of Science and Technology and the Department of Chemistry. He is also currently the Director of the Charles Singleton Center f ...
, ''Alchemy Tried in the Fire: Starkey, Boyle, and the Fate of Helmontian Chymistry'' * 2006 , ''Patterns of Behavior: Konrad Lorenz, Niko Tinbergen, and the Founding of Ethology'' * 2007
David Kaiser David I. Kaiser is an American physicist and historian of science. He is Germeshausen Professor of the History of Science at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), head of its Science, Technology, and Society program, and a full profess ...
, ''Drawing Theories Apart: The Dispersion of Feynman Diagrams in Postwar Physics'' (University of Chicago, 2005) * 2008
Deborah Harkness Deborah Harkness (born 1965) is an American scholar and novelist, best known as an historian and as the author of the All Souls Trilogy, which consists of ''The New York Times'' best-selling novel ''A Discovery of Witches'' and its sequels '' ...
, ''The Jewel House: Elizabethan London and the Scientific Revolution'' (Yale University Press, 2007) * 2009 Harold J. Cook, ''Matters of Exchange: Commerce, Medicine, and Science in the Dutch Golden Age'' (Yale University Press, 2007) * 2010
Maria Rosa Antognazza Maria Rosa Antognazza (born 1964) is an Italian-British philosopher who serves as professor of philosophy at King's College London. Academic career Antognazza was educated at the Catholic University of Milan. She has held research fellowships a ...
, ''Leibniz: An Intellectual Biography'' (Cambridge University Press, 2009) * 2011
Eleanor Robson Eleanor Robson, (born 1969) is a British Assyriologist and academic. She is Professor of Ancient Middle Eastern History at University College London. She is a former chair of the British Institute for the Study of Iraq and a Quondam fellow of A ...
, ''Mathematics in Ancient Iraq: A Social History'' (Princeton University Press, 2008) * 2012 Dagmar Schaefer, ''The Crafting of the 10,000 Things: Knowledge and Technology in Seventeenth-Century China'' (University of Chicago Press, 2011) * 2013 , ''The Romantic Machine: Utopian Science and Technology after Napoleon'' (University of Chicago Press, 2012) * 2014 , ''Picturing the book of nature: Image, text and argument in sixteenth-century human anatomy and medical botany'' (University of Chicago Press, 2012) * 2015 , ''Ivan Pavlov: A Russian Life in Science'' (Oxford University Press, 2014) * 2016 , ''Observing by Hand. Sketching the Nebulae in the Nineteenth Century'' (University of Chicago Press, 2013) * 2017 , '' Fascist Pigs: Technoscientific Organisms and the History of Fascism'' (MIT Press, 2016) * 2018 , ''The Courtiers’ Anatomists: Animals and Humans in Louis XIV’s Paris'' (University of Chicago Press, 2015) * 2019 , ''Climate in Motion: Science, Empire, and the Problem of Scale'' (University of Chicago Press, 2018) * 2020
Theodore M. Porter Theodore M. Porter (born 1953) is a professor who specializes in the history of science in the Department of History at UCLA. He has authored several books, including ''The Rise of Statistical Thinking, 1820-1900''; and ''Trust in Numbers: The ...
, ''Genetics in the Madhouse: The Unknown History of Human Heredity'' (Princeton University Press, 2018)


References

{{reflist Science and technology awards Awards established in 1959 History of science awards