Pewsum is a village in the municipality of

Krummhörn Krummhörn is a municipality in the district of Aurich, in Lower Saxony, Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, ...

( Aurich district) in the west of

East Frisia East Frisia or East Friesland (german: Ostfriesland; ; stq, Aastfräislound) is a historic region in the northwest of Lower Saxony, Germany. It is primarily located on the western half of the East Frisian peninsula, to the east of West Frisia ...

. Pewsum is both the administrative seat as well as the trade and craft centre for the municipality. The number of inhabitants was 3,352 on 31 December 2006 and the village lies at a height of .

History

Pewsum was first mentioned in 945 as the castle of the Manning family of chieftains. From 1565, Pewsum belonged to the

Cirksena The House of Cirksena () was the name of the ruling family of East Frisia, Ostfriesland. They descended from a line of East Frisian chieftains from Greetsiel. East Frisia In 1439, in the wake of clashes between different lines of chieftains, t ...

dynasty. Well-known people who resided in Pewsum included the Swedish marshall,

Dodo von Knyphausen Dodo von Knyphausen (1641–1698) was a German nobleman from the Duchy of Prussia in the service of Brandenburg-Prussia during the reigns of Electors Frederick William and Frederick III. A government office to collect revenues in Brandenburg h ...

, General Peter Ernst II von Mansfeld and the

Great Elector Frederick William (german: Friedrich Wilhelm; 16 February 1620 – 29 April 1688) was Prince-elector, Elector of Margraviate of Brandenburg, Brandenburg and Duke of Duchy of Prussia, Prussia, thus ruler of Brandenburg-Prussia, from 1640 until hi ...

. The castle fell into ruin in the 18th century and was partly demolished and sold. The remaining buildings have since been restored and form part of the East Frisian Open Air Museum (''Ostfriesisches Freilichtmuseum''). In 1972, Pewsum lost its independence and became part of the newly founded parish of Krummhörn, albeit retaining the administrative headquarters.

Religion

Pewsum is one of the ''

Lutheran Lutheranism is one of the largest branches of Protestantism, identifying primarily with the theology of Martin Luther, the 16th-century German monk and reformer whose efforts to reform the theology and practice of the Catholic Church launched th ...

islands'', in the municipality of Krummhörn which is otherwise dominated by the Evangelical Reformed Church. Its place of worship is St. Nicholas Church (''St. Nikolai-Kirche'') dating to the 14th century, which was given a new brick façade during a major renovation in 1862.Homepage des Evangelisch-lutherischen Kirchenkreises Emden - Gemeinde Pewsum
; Retrieved on 30 December 2009 The

Catholic The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the largest Christian church, with 1.3 billion baptized Catholics worldwide . It is among the world's oldest and largest international institutions, and has played a ...

chapel of St. Hedwig dates to the 1950s. It was built in 1959 on a private plot of land by refugees from the Germany's former eastern territories. The congregation is looked after by the Catholic parish of Emden. The Pewsum Brethren have their place of meeting in a former kindergarten, which they have rebuilt into a community centre. Originally they were based at Hamswehrum. The Pewsum

Baptists Baptists form a major branch of Protestantism distinguished by baptizing professing Christian believers only ( believer's baptism), and doing so by complete immersion. Baptist churches also generally subscribe to the doctrines of soul compe ...

have their centre in Jennelt, but meet in Pewsum as a

cell group The cell group is a form of church organization that is used in many Christian churches. Cell groups are generally intended to teach the Bible and personalize Christian fellowship. They are always used in cell churches, but also occur in parac ...

Transport

Pewsum is linked by the L 2 and 3 state roads. These connect Pewsum and other villages in the parish of Krummhörn with Emden and thence the A 31 motorway. The

Emden-Pewsum-Greetsiel Light Railway The Emden-Pewsum-Greetsiel light railway (german: Kreisbahn Emden-Pewsum-Greetsiel) was originally a private railway operated by the district of Emden in East Frisia in North Germany. In 1932 the district was absorbed into the district of Norden. ...

used to link Pewsum and Greetsiel to Emden. This

metre gauge Metre-gauge railways are narrow-gauge railways with track gauge of or 1 metre. The metre gauge is used in around of tracks around the world. It was used by European colonial powers, such as the French, British and German Empires. In Europe, la ...

line was closed in 1963 and passenger services switched over to

bus A bus (contracted from omnibus, with variants multibus, motorbus, autobus, etc.) is a road vehicle that carries significantly more passengers than an average car or van. It is most commonly used in public transport, but is also in use for cha ...

es. Today Pewsum is linked by bus with the former county town of

Norden Norden is a Scandinavian and German word, directly translated as "the North". It may refer to: Places England * Norden, Basingstoke, a ward of Basingstoke and Deane * Norden, Dorset, a hamlet near Corfe Castle * Norden, Greater Manchester, a vi ...

and with Emden.

Places of interest

The Manningaburg was built in 1458 and is the emblem of Pewsum. In a three-storey

tower mill A tower mill is a type of vertical windmill consisting of a brick or stone tower, on which sits a wooden 'cap' or roof, which can rotate to bring the sails into the wind.Medieval science, technology, and medicine: an encyclopedia (2005), 520 Thi ...

(of the ''Galerieholländer'' type) is the Pewsum Mill Museum.

Sport

TuS Pewsum is the largest sports club in the village. The men's football team played until the end of the 2008/2009 season in the Oberliga Niedersachsen West (fifth league) and since then in the sixth-class Bezirksoberliga Weser-Ems.

Personalities

* Pewsum was the seat of the Manninga chieftains from around 1400. The last male descendant of this line, Hoyko Manninga, resided at the Manningaburg, and sold the castle in 1565 to Count

Edzard II of East Frisia Edzard II (24 June 1532 – 1 March 1599) was Count of East Frisia from 1561 to 1599. He was the son of Enno II of East Frisia and Anna of Oldenburg. During his reign, Edzard came into conflict with the city of Emden. Edzard was a staunch ...

and his wife, Katharina of

Sweden Sweden, formally the Kingdom of Sweden,The United Nations Group of Experts on Geographical Names states that the country's formal name is the Kingdom of SwedenUNGEGN World Geographical Names, Sweden./ref> is a Nordic country located on ...

. * Hermine Heusler-Edenhuizen (1872 - 1955) was born in Pewsum. She was the first registered, female doctor in Germany.

References

Sources

*Lampe, Regine (1989). ''Das Burgmuseum in Pewsum'' (Ostfriesischer Kunstführer, Heft 13). Aurich.

External links

Official internet site for the municipality of Krummhörn

Information page for Pewsum
{{Authority control Villages in Lower Saxony Towns and villages in East Frisia Krummhörn