Peter V ( pt, Pedro V ; 16 September 1837 – 11 November 1861), nicknamed "the Hopeful" ( pt, o Esperançoso), was King of Portugal from 1853 to 1861.

Early life and reign

Pedro V, King of Portugal and Luis I, King of Portugal when children (1843)

As the eldest son of Queen Maria II and

King Ferdinand II Ferdinand II ( an, Ferrando; ca, Ferran; eu, Errando; it, Ferdinando; la, Ferdinandus; es, Fernando; 10 March 1452 – 23 January 1516), also called Ferdinand the Catholic (Spanish: ''el Católico''), was King of Aragon and Sardinia fro ...

, Peter was a member of the House of Bragança."While remaining

patrilineal Patrilineality, also known as the male line, the spear side or agnatic kinship, is a common kinship system in which an individual's family membership derives from and is recorded through their father's lineage. It generally involves the inheritan ...

dynasts of the duchy of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha according to pp. 88, 116 of the 1944 '' Almanach de Gotha'', Title 1, Chapter 1, Article 5 of th
1838 Portuguese constitution
declared, with respect to

Ferdinand II of Portugal '' Dom'' Ferdinand II ( Portuguese: ''Fernando II'') (29 October 1816 – 15 December 1885) was a German prince of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha-Koháry, and King of Portugal ''jure uxoris'' as the husband of Queen Maria II, from the birth ...

's issue by his first wife, that 'the Most Serene House of Braganza is the reigning house of Portugal and continues through the Person of the Lady Queen Maria II'. Thus their mutual descendants constitute the Coburg line of the House of Braganza" As

heir apparent An heir apparent, often shortened to heir, is a person who is first in an order of succession and cannot be displaced from inheriting by the birth of another person; a person who is first in the order of succession but can be displaced by the b ...

to the throne he was styled Prince Royal ( Portuguese: ''Príncipe Real''), and was also the 23rd Duke of Braganza (''Duque de Bragança''). Peter was a conscientious and hard-working monarch who, under the guidance of his father, sought radical modernisation of the Portuguese state and infrastructure. Under his reign, roads, telegraphs, and railways were constructed and improvements in public health advanced. His popularity increased when, during the cholera outbreak of 1853–1856, he visited hospitals handing out gifts and comforting the sick. Pedro V, along with his brothers Fernando and

João João is the Portuguese equivalent of the given name John. The diminutive is Joãozinho and the feminine is Joana. It is widespread in Portuguese-speaking countries. Notable people with the name are enumerated in the sections below. Kings ...

and other royal family members, succumbed to

typhoid fever Typhoid fever, also known as typhoid, is a disease caused by '' Salmonella'' serotype Typhi bacteria. Symptoms vary from mild to severe, and usually begin six to 30 days after exposure. Often there is a gradual onset of a high fever over severa ...

or cholera in 1861.

Marriage

Pedro V, King of Portugal (1854) - Franz Xaver Winterhalter

Peter married Princess Stephanie of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen, eldest daughter of

Karl Anton, Prince of Hohenzollern-Sigmaringen , spouse = Princess Josephine of Baden , issue = Leopold, Prince of Hohenzollern Stephanie, Queen of PortugalCarol I, King of Romania Prince Anthony Prince Frederick Princess Marie, Countess of Flanders , house = Hohenz ...

, and Princess Josephine of Baden, by proxy in

Berlin Berlin is Capital of Germany, the capital and largest city of Germany, both by area and List of cities in Germany by population, by population. Its more than 3.85 million inhabitants make it the European Union's List of cities in the European U ...

on 29 April 1858 and then in person in Lisbon on 18 May 1858. It was a happy marriage until Queen Stephanie died a year later from diphtheria. As Peter and Stephanie's marriage was childless, the Portuguese throne passed to his brother Luís.

Titles, styles and honours

Titles and styles

Pedro V's official styling as King of Portugal: ''By the Grace of God and by the Constitution of the Monarchy, Peter V, King of Portugal and the Algarves, of either side of the sea in Africa, Lord of Guinea and of Conquest, Navigation, and Commerce of Ethiopia, South Africa, Arabia, Persia and India, etc.'' As heir apparent to the Portuguese crown, Peter held the following titles: * Duke of Braganza (23rd) * Duke of Barcelos (18th) * Duke of Guimarães (20th) * Marquis of Vila Viçosa (22nd) * Count of Ourém (24th) * Count of Barcelos (24th) * Count of Faria and Neiva (24th) * Count of Arraiolos (26th) * Count of Guimarães (21st)

Honours

;Domestic * He was Grand Master of the following orders: ** Order of Our Lord Jesus Christ ** Order of Saint Benedict of Aviz ** Order of Saint James of the Sword ** Order of the Tower and Sword ** Order of the Immaculate Conception of Vila Viçosa ;Foreign

Early life and reign

Marriage

Titles, styles and honours

Titles and styles

Honours

Ancestry

See also

References

Further reading