Petar Georgiev Darvingov ( bg, Петър Георгиев Дървингов) was a

Bulgarian Bulgarian may refer to: * Something of, from, or related to the country of Bulgaria * Bulgarians, a South Slavic ethnic group * Bulgarian language, a Slavic language * Bulgarian alphabet * A citizen of Bulgaria, see Demographics of Bulgaria * Bul ...

officer An officer is a person who has a position of authority in a hierarchical organization. The term derives from Old French ''oficier'' "officer, official" (early 14c., Modern French ''officier''), from Medieval Latin ''officiarius'' "an officer," fro ...

revolutionary A revolutionary is a person who either participates in, or advocates a revolution. The term ''revolutionary'' can also be used as an adjective, to refer to something that has a major, sudden impact on society or on some aspect of human endeavor. ...

and

military historian Military history is the study of armed conflict in the history of humanity, and its impact on the societies, cultures and economies thereof, as well as the resulting changes to local and international relationships. Professional historians norma ...

, corresponding member of

Bulgarian Academy of Sciences The Bulgarian Academy of Sciences (abbreviated BAS; bg, Българска академия на науките, ''Balgarska akademiya na naukite'', abbreviated ''БАН'') is the National Academy of Bulgaria, established in 1869. The Academy ...

from 1932.

Biography

Darvingov was born in

Kilkis Kilkis ( el, Κιλκίς) is a city in Central Macedonia, Greece. As of 2011 there were 22,914 people living in the city proper, 28,745 people living in the municipal unit, and 51,926 in the municipality of Kilkis. It is also the capital city o ...

, then

Ottoman Empire The Ottoman Empire, * ; is an archaic version. The definite article forms and were synonymous * and el, Оθωμανική Αυτοκρατορία, Othōmanikē Avtokratoria, label=none * info page on book at Martin Luther University) ...

(now

Greece Greece,, or , romanized: ', officially the Hellenic Republic, is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the southern tip of the Balkans, and is located at the crossroads of Europe, Asia, and Africa. Greece shares land borders with ...

), in 1875. He graduated Bulgarian Men's High School in Solun (Thessaloniki) in 1892. He continued his education in the Military School in Sofia, graduated it in 1896 with honors and was promoted to the rank of

lieutenant A lieutenant ( , ; abbreviated Lt., Lt, LT, Lieut and similar) is a commissioned officer rank in the armed forces of many nations. The meaning of lieutenant differs in different militaries (see comparative military ranks), but it is often sub ...

. In 1900 Darvingov was promoted to the rank

first lieutenant First lieutenant is a commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces; in some forces, it is an appointment. The rank of lieutenant has different meanings in different military formations, but in most forces it is sub-divided into a s ...

. Darvingov joined Supreme Macedonian-Adrianople Revolutionary Committee and in 1902, during the uprising in the region of Gorna Dzumaya headed a military detachment. During the

Ilinden uprising Ilinden (Bulgarian/ Macedonian Cyrillic: Илинден) or Ilindan ( Serbian Cyrillic: Илиндан), meaning "Saint Elijah's Day", may refer to: Events * Republic Day (North Macedonia), 2 August Geographic locations Bulgaria * Ilinden, Blagoev ...

in 1903 Darvingov was a military organizer of the bands of

IMORO The Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization (IMRO; bg, Вътрешна Македонска Революционна Организация (ВМРО), translit=Vatrešna Makedonska Revoljucionna Organizacija (VMRO); mk, Внатр� ...

. As

voivode Voivode (, also spelled ''voievod'', ''voevod'', ''voivoda'', ''vojvoda'' or ''wojewoda'') is a title denoting a military leader or warlord in Central, Southeastern and Eastern Europe since the Early Middle Ages. It primarily referred to the me ...

of the revolutionary district of

Seres Seres are the people of Serica, one of the easternmost countries of Asia known to the ancient Greeks and Romans. Seres may also refer to: People * * * Brands and enterprises * See also * Celes (disambiguation) Celes may refer to: * ...

he fought in the region of Melnik. After the uprising Darvingov returned to

Bulgaria Bulgaria (; bg, България, Bǎlgariya), officially the Republic of Bulgaria,, ) is a country in Southeast Europe. It is situated on the eastern flank of the Balkans, and is bordered by Romania to the north, Serbia and North Macedon ...

and do a real service in the

Bulgarian Army The Bulgarian Land Forces ( bg, Сухопътни войски на България, Sukhopŭtni voĭski na Bŭlgariya, lit=Ground Forces of Bulgaria) are the ground warfare branch of the Bulgarian Armed Forces. The Land Forces were established ...

. In 1906 he was promoted in rank of (

captain Captain is a title, an appellative for the commanding officer of a military unit; the supreme leader of a navy ship, merchant ship, aeroplane, spacecraft, or other vessel; or the commander of a port, fire or police department, election precinct, e ...

). In 1909 he graduated military academy in

Turin Turin ( , Piedmontese language, Piedmontese: ; it, Torino ) is a city and an important business and cultural centre in Northern Italy. It is the capital city of Piedmont and of the Metropolitan City of Turin, and was the first Italian capital ...

Italy Italy ( it, Italia ), officially the Italian Republic, ) or the Republic of Italy, is a country in Southern Europe. It is located in the middle of the Mediterranean Sea, and its territory largely coincides with the homonymous geographical re ...

. On 18 May 1911 Darvingov was promoted to the rank of major and appointed assistant chief of the Intelligence Department in the headquarters of the Bulgarian Army. Darvingov took part in the

First Balkan war The First Balkan War ( sr, Први балкански рат, ''Prvi balkanski rat''; bg, Балканска война; el, Αʹ Βαλκανικός πόλεμος; tr, Birinci Balkan Savaşı) lasted from October 1912 to May 1913 and invo ...

, as with the Order №5 of 25 September 1912, issued by the head of the headquarters of the army Major General

Ivan Fichev Ivan Fichev ( bg, Иван Фичев) (born on 15 April 1860 in Tarnovo, died on 13 November 1931 in Sofia) was a Bulgarian general, Minister of Defense, military historian and academician. Biography Ivan Fichev was born in 1860 in Tırnova (n ...

, Darvingov was appointed

chief of staff The title chief of staff (or head of staff) identifies the leader of a complex organization such as the armed forces, institution, or body of persons and it also may identify a principal staff officer (PSO), who is the coordinator of the supporti ...

Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Volunteer Corps The Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Volunteer Corps ( bg, Македоно-одринско опълчение, ''Makedono-odrinsko opalchenie'') was a volunteer corps of the Bulgarian Army during the Balkan Wars. It was formed on 23 September 1912 an ...

. On 18 May 1915 Darvingov was promoted to the rank

lieutenant colonel Lieutenant colonel ( , ) is a rank of commissioned officers in the armies, most marine forces and some air forces of the world, above a major and below a colonel. Several police forces in the United States use the rank of lieutenant colone ...

. During the

First World War World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...

(1915-1918), Darvingov was an organizer and, in 1916, chief of staff of Eleventh Macedonian infantry division, completed by

Bulgarians Bulgarians ( bg, българи, Bǎlgari, ) are a nation and South Slavic ethnic group native to Bulgaria and the rest of Southeast Europe. Etymology Bulgarians derive their ethnonym from the Bulgars. Their name is not completely understo ...

from Macedonia. In May 1916 Darvingov as colonel was appointed commander of the 1st Regiment of the 11th Macedonian division. One year later he received the appointment of chief of staff of Moravian military region, which position remained to 1918. On 15 August 1917 he was promoted to the rank of

colonel Colonel (abbreviated as Col., Col or COL) is a senior military officer rank used in many countries. It is also used in some police forces and paramilitary organizations. In the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, a colonel was typically in charge of ...

. On 4 November 1918 Darvingov was transferred to the reserve and was engaged in scientific and public activity. His research interests were related to military history. Darvingov's book "History of the Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Volunteer Corp" (1919) is one of the first studies on a single Bulgarian military unit and still is regarded as the best work dedicated to the corps. Darvingov was honorary president of the Association of Macedonian-Adrianopolitan volunteers, as well as president of the Society of the Bulgarian publicists and the Bulgarian Association of military writers."Македонски преглед", том 26, София, Македонският научен институт, p. 116 ("Macedonian Review", issue 26, Sofia, Macedonian Scientific Institute)

Works

* From Plovdiv and Sofia to Tsarigrad and Skopje (1903) * Pirin and the fight on its soil "(1904) * Military Bulgaria. Sociological study of the Bulgarian reality "(1911) * History of the Macedonian-Adrianopolitan Volunteer Corp (Volume 1, 1919, Volume 2, 1925) * The actions of the Eleventh Macedonian infantry division from Krivolak Bogdantsi to 1915" (1920) * Attack of Edirne: under the light of history and art - historical and psychological analysis" (1931) * The spirit of the Bulgarian history" (1932) * Collection "Solun" (Thessaloniki), 1934 (coauthor with Professor Vladislav Aleksiev) * The influence of sea power on the history of Bulgaria (1935) * Balkan war - as was seen when the events developed (1941) * ABC in 1895 from self or the elderly * Evlija Chelebi and Western Bulgarian lands (1943) * Selected Works (1988)

Notes

References

* Дървингов, Петър. Моето време". Спомени, София 1996, (Petar Darvingov, My time. Memories, Sofia, 1996) * Минчев, Димитър, Революционната дейност на Петър Дървингов (1898 - 1918), София, 1990. (Minchev, D., Revolutionary activity of Peter Darvingov "(1898 - 1918), Sofia, 1990). * Дървингов, Петър. Избрани произведения, София 1988 (Darvingov, Peter. Selected Works, Sofia, 1988). * Недев, Светозар. Командването на българската войска през войните за национално обединение, София, 1993, стр. 144 (Nedev, S., "The command of the Bulgarian army during the wars for National unification, Sofia, 1993). * Чолов, Петър. Български историци. Биографично-библиографски справочник, София 1999, с. 113-114 (Cholov, Petar. Bulgarian historians, Biographical and bibliographical reference book, Sofia 1999, p. 113-114) {{DEFAULTSORT:Darvingov, Petar 1875 births 1958 deaths People from Kilkis Bulgarians from Aegean Macedonia 20th-century Bulgarian historians Bulgarian military personnel Recipients of the Iron Cross (1914), 2nd class Recipients of the Order of Bravery, 1st class Members of the Internal Macedonian Revolutionary Organization Military historians Bulgarian revolutionaries Corresponding Members of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Bulgarian military personnel of the Balkan Wars Bulgarian military personnel of World War I Macedonian Bulgarians Bulgarian Men's High School of Thessaloniki alumni Recipients of the Order of Bravery, 2nd class