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Pervanadyl () is a pale yellow oxycation of 
vanadium(V)
Vanadium is a chemical element with the symbol V and atomic number 23. It is a hard, silvery-grey, malleable transition metal. The elemental metal is rarely found in nature, but once isolated artificially, the formation of an oxide layer ( pas ...
. It is the predominant vanadium(V) species in acidic solutions with pH between 0 and 2, and its salts are formed by protonation of vanadium(V) oxide
Vanadium(V) oxide (''vanadia'') is the inorganic compound with the formula V2 O5. Commonly known as vanadium pentoxide, it is a brown/yellow solid, although when freshly precipitated from aqueous solution, its colour is deep orange. Because o ...
in such solutions:
: ('' K'' = )
The ion can form a complex with a single aminopolycarboxylate left, 120px, a metal complex with the EDTA anion
120px, Aspartic acid is an aminodicarboxylic acid and precursor to other ligands.
An aminopolycarboxylic acid (sometimes abbreviated APCA) is a chemical compound containing one or more nitrogen at ...
ligand, or with tridentate Schiff base
In organic chemistry, a Schiff base (named after Hugo Schiff) is a compound with the general structure ( = alkyl or aryl, but not hydrogen). They can be considered a sub-class of imines, being either secondary ketimines or secondary aldimine ...
ligands.
The / redox couple
Redox (reduction–oxidation, , ) is a type of chemical reaction in which the oxidation states of substrate change. Oxidation is the loss of electrons or an increase in the oxidation state, while reduction is the gain of electrons or a d ...
is used at the cathode of the vanadium redox battery
The vanadium redox battery (VRB), also known as the vanadium flow battery (VFB) or vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB), is a type of rechargeable flow battery. It employs vanadium ions as charge carriers. The battery uses vanadium's ability t ...
. The standard reduction potential
Redox potential (also known as oxidation / reduction potential, ''ORP'', ''pe'', ''E_'', or E_) is a measure of the tendency of a chemical species to acquire electrons from or lose electrons to an electrode and thereby be reduced or oxidised respe ...
of this couple is +1.00 V.
See also
*Vanadate
In chemistry, a vanadate is an anionic coordination complex of vanadium. Often vanadate refers to oxoanions of vanadium, most of which exist in its highest oxidation state of +5. The complexes and are referred to as hexacyanovanadate(III) and no ...
, vanadium(V) oxyanions
References
{{reflist Vanadyl compounds Vanadium(V) compounds Oxycations