''Percina'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of small freshwater

ray-finned fish Actinopterygii (; ), members of which are known as ray-finned fishes, is a class of bony fish. They comprise over 50% of living vertebrate species. The ray-finned fishes are so called because their fins are webs of skin supported by bony or hor ...

, classified within the

subfamily In biological classification, a subfamily (Latin: ', plural ') is an auxiliary (intermediate) taxonomic rank, next below family but more inclusive than genus. Standard nomenclature rules end subfamily botanical names with "-oideae", and zoologi ...

Etheostomatinae Etheosomatidae is a species rich subfamily of freshwater ray-finned fish, the members of which are commonly known as the darters. The subfamily is part of the family Percidae which also includes the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. The family i ...

, part of the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Percidae The Percidae are a family of ray-finned fish, part of the order Perciformes, which are found in fresh and brackish waters of the Northern Hemisphere. The majority are Nearctic, but there are also Palearctic species. The family contains more than ...

, which also contains the

perch Perch is a common name for fish of the genus ''Perca'', freshwater gamefish belonging to the family Percidae. The perch, of which three species occur in different geographical areas, lend their name to a large order of vertebrates: the Percif ...

es, ruffes and pikeperches from

North America North America is a continent in the Northern Hemisphere and almost entirely within the Western Hemisphere. It is bordered to the north by the Arctic Ocean, to the east by the Atlantic Ocean, to the southeast by South America and the Car ...

. Like the similar fishes in the genus ''

Etheostoma ''Etheostoma'' is a genus of small freshwater fish in the family Percidae native to North America. Most are restricted to the United States, but species are also found in Canada and Mexico. They are commonly known as darters, although the term "d ...

'', they are some species called "

darters The darters, anhingas, or snakebirds are mainly tropical waterbirds in the family Anhingidae, which contains a single genus, ''Anhinga''. There are four living species, three of which are very common and widespread while the fourth is rarer and ...

". More specifically, the genus as a whole is known as roughbelly darters, while certain

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of the appropriate s ...

of ''Percina'' with a pattern of

vertical Vertical is a geometric term of location which may refer to: * Vertical direction, the direction aligned with the direction of the force of gravity, up or down * Vertical (angles), a pair of angles opposite each other, formed by two intersecting s ...

bars on the flanks are called logperches.

Species

There are currently 49 recognized species in this genus: * '' Percina antesella''

J. D. Williams J.D. Williams (born May 22, 1978) is an American actor known for his starring roles in the HBO television programs '' Oz'' as Kenny Wangler, ''The Wire'' as Bodie Broadus and ''Pootie Tang'' as Froggy, ''Surviving Family'' (2012) as Bobby, ''T ...

& Etnier, 1978 (Amber darter) * ''

Percina apristis The Guadalupe darter (''Percina apristis'') is a small species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in th ...

'' C. L. Hubbs & Hubbs, 1954 (Guadalupe darter) * '' Percina aurantiaca''

Cope The cope (known in Latin as ''pluviale'' 'rain coat' or ''cappa'' 'cape') is a liturgical vestment, more precisely a long mantle or cloak, open in front and fastened at the breast with a band or clasp. It may be of any liturgical colours, litu ...

, 1868 (Tangerine darter) * '' Percina aurolineata'' Suttkus &

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, 1967 (Goldline darter) * '' Percina aurora'' Suttkus & B. A. Thompson, 1994 (Pearl darter) * '' Percina austroperca'' B. A. Thompson, 1995 (Southern logperch) * '' Percina bimaculata'' Haldeman, 1844 (Chesapeake logperch) * ''

Percina brevicauda The coal darter (''Percina brevicauda'') is a small species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in easter ...

'' Suttkus &

Bart Bart is a masculine given name, usually a diminutive of Bartholomew, sometimes of Barton, Bartolomeo, etc. Bart is a Dutch and Ashkenazi Jewish surname, and derives from the name ''Bartholomäus'', a German form of the biblical name ''Barthol ...

, 1994 (Coal darter) * '' Percina brucethompsoni''

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, Cashner &

Near NEAR or Near may refer to: People * Thomas J. Near, US evolutionary ichthyologist * Near, a developer who created the higan emulator Science, mathematics, technology, biology, and medicine * National Emergency Alarm Repeater (NEAR), a form ...

, 2014 (Ouachita darter) * '' Percina burtoni'' Fowler, 1945 (Blotchside darter) * ''

Percina caprodes The common logperch (''Percina caprodes''), sometimes simply known as the logperch, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and ...

Rafinesque Constantine Samuel Rafinesque-Schmaltz (; October 22, 1783September 18, 1840) was a French 19th-century polymath born near Constantinople in the Ottoman Empire and self-educated in France. He traveled as a young man in the United States, ultimat ...

, 1810 (Common logperch) * ''

Percina carbonaria ''Percina carbonaria'', the Texas logperch, is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. Geographic distribution ...

'' Baird & Girard, 1853 (Texas logperch) * ''

Percina copelandi The channel darter (''Percina copelandi'') is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is native to North Amer ...

'' D. S. Jordan, 1877 (Channel darter) * '' Percina crassa'' D. S. Jordan & Brayton, 1878 (Piedmont darter) * '' Percina crypta'' M. C. Freeman, B. J. Freeman, Burkhead &

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, 2008 (Halloween darter) * '' Percina cymatotaenia''

Gilbert Gilbert may refer to: People and fictional characters * Gilbert (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters *Gilbert (surname), including a list of people Places Australia * Gilbert River (Queensland) * Gilbert River (South ...

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, 1887 (Bluestripe darter) * '' Percina evides'' D. S. Jordan & Copeland, 1877 (Gilt darter) * '' Percina freemanorum''

, MacGuigan, Boring, Simmons,

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, Keck, Harrington & Dinkins, 2021 (Etowah Bridled Darter)Thomas J. Near, Daniel J. MacGuigan, Emily L. Boring, Jeffrey W. Simmons, Brett Albanese, Benjamin P. Keck, Richard C. Harrington and Gerald R. Dinkins. 2021. A New Species of Bridled Darter Endemic to the Etowah River System in Georgia (Percidae: Etheostomatinae: Percina). Bulletin of the Peabody Museum of Natural History. 62(1); 15-42. DOI: 10.3374/014.062.0102 * ''

Percina fulvitaenia The Ozark logperch (''Percina fulvitaenia'') is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in North Amer ...

Morris Morris may refer to: Places Australia *St Morris, South Australia, place in South Australia Canada * Morris Township, Ontario, now part of the municipality of Morris-Turnberry * Rural Municipality of Morris, Manitoba ** Morris, Manitob ...

Page Page most commonly refers to: * Page (paper), one side of a leaf of paper, as in a book Page, PAGE, pages, or paging may also refer to: Roles * Page (assistance occupation), a professional occupation * Page (servant), traditionally a young m ...

, 1981 (Ozark logperch) * '' Percina gymnocephala'' Beckham, 1980 (Appalachia darter) * ''

Percina jenkinsi The Conasauga logperch (''Percina jenkinsi'') is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is endemic to the Un ...

'' B. A. Thompson, 1985 (Conasauga logperch) * ''

Percina kathae The Mobile logperch (''Percina kathae'') is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in the Mobile Ri ...

'' B. A. Thompson, 1997 (Mobile logperch) * '' Percina kusha''

& Burkhead, 2007 (Bridled darter) * '' Percina lenticula''

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& L. W. Knapp, 1964 (Freckled darter) * '' Percina macrocephala''

, 1867 (Longhead darter) * ''

Percina macrolepida The bigscale logperch (''Percina macrolepida'') is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is native to North ...

'' Stevenson, 1971 (Bigscale logperch) * '' Percina maculata'' Girard, 1859 (Blackside darter) * '' Percina nasuta'' Bailey, 1941 (Longnose darter) * '' Percina nevisense''

, 1870 (Chainback darter) * '' Percina nigrofasciata'' Agassiz, 1854 (Blackbanded darter) * '' Percina notogramma'' Raney & C. L. Hubbs, 1948 (Stripeback darter) * '' Percina oxyrhynchus'' C. L. Hubbs & Raney, 1939 (Sharpnose darter) * '' Percina palmaris'' Bailey, 1940 (Bronze darter) * '' Percina pantherina''

Moore Moore may refer to: People * Moore (surname) ** List of people with surname Moore * Moore Crosthwaite (1907–1989), a British diplomat and ambassador * Moore Disney (1765–1846), a senior officer in the British Army * Moore Powell (died c. 1573 ...

Reeves Reeves may refer to: People * Reeves (surname) * B. Reeves Eason (1886–1956), American director, actor and screenwriter * Reeves Nelson (born 1991), American basketball player Places ;Ireland * Reeves, County Kildare, townland in County K ...

, 1955 (Leopard darter) * '' Percina peltata'' Stauffer, 1864 (Shield darter) * '' Percina phoxocephala'' E. W. Nelson, 1876 (Slenderhead darter) * ''

Percina rex The Roanoke logperch (''Percina rex'') is a species of freshwater ray-finned fish, a darter from the subfamily Etheostomatinae, part of the family Percidae, which also contains the perches, ruffes and pikeperches. It is found in the Roanoke and ...

'' D. S. Jordan & Evermann, 1889 (Roanoke logperch) * '' Percina roanoka'' D. S. Jordan & O. P. Jenkins, 1889 (Roanoke darter) * '' Percina sciera'' Swain, 1883 (Dusky darter) * '' Percina shumardi'' Girard, 1859 (River darter) * '' Percina sipsi''

& Neely, 2007 (Bankhead darter) * '' Percina smithvanizi''

Walsh Walsh may refer to: People and fictional characters * Walsh (surname), including a list of people and fictional characters with the surname Places * Fort Walsh, one of the first posts of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police * Walsh, Ontario, Norfolk ...

, 2007 (Muscadine darter) * '' Percina squamata''

& Swain, 1887 (Olive darter) * '' Percina stictogaster'' Burr &

, 1993 (Frecklebelly darter) * '' Percina suttkusi'' B. A. Thompson, 1997 (Gulf logperch) * '' Percina tanasi'' Etnier, 1976 (Snail darter) * '' Percina uranidea'' D. S. Jordan &

, 1887 (Stargazing darter) * '' Percina vigil'' O. P. Hay, 1882 (Saddleback darter) * '' Percina williamsi''

, 2007 (Sickle darter)

References

Etheostomatinae Taxa named by Samuel Stehman Haldeman {{Percidae-stub