On the first tier,
Vietnam
Vietnam or Viet Nam ( vi, Việt Nam, ), officially the Socialist Republic of Vietnam,., group="n" is a country in Southeast Asia, at the eastern edge of mainland Southeast Asia, with an area of and population of 96 million, making i ...
is divided into fifty-eight
province
A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or sovereign state, state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''Roman province, provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire ...
s (tỉnh) and
five municipalities under the command of the central government ( vi, thành phố trực thuộc trung ương). Municipalities are the highest-ranked cities in Vietnam.
[ ISO 3166-2:VN] Municipalities are centrally-controlled cities and have special status equal to the provinces.
The provinces are divided into provincial cities, towns, and
rural districts as the second-tier units. At the third tier, provincial city or town is divided into ward and commune, while rural district is divided into townships (thị trấn) and communes.
Governance
Provincial Committee of the Communist Party
Provincial Committee of the Communist Party (''Đảng bộ Đảng Cộng sản cấp tỉnh'' or ''Tỉnh ủy Đảng Cộng sản'') is a provincial subordinate of the
Communist Party of Vietnam
The Communist Party of Vietnam (CPV), also known as the Vietnamese Communist Party (VCP), is the founding and sole legal party of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam. Founded in 1930 by Hồ Chí Minh, the CPV became the ruling party of North ...
. Since Vietnam is a one party state, the provincial committee of the Communist Party is the most prominent organ of provincial governance.
Each provincial committee of the Communist Party is headed by a Secretary (''Bí thư''). The Secretary is de facto leader of the province.
People's Council
The legislative branch of a province is the
People's Council (''Hội đồng Nhân dân'' or HDND for short). The People's Council votes on the policy, regulations and orders for development of the province.
Members of People's Council are called delegates or councillors (''đại biểu'') and are elected by people living within that province. It is equivalent to the legislative
National Assembly of Vietnam
The National Assembly of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam ( vi, Quốc hội nước Cộng hoà xã hội chủ nghĩa Việt Nam) is the national legislature of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam.
The Constitution of Vietnam recognizes the a ...
. The People's Council is headed by a Chairman (''Chủ tịch'') and a Vice Chairman (''Phó Chủ tịch'').
The number of councillors varies from province to province, depending on the population of that province. The People's Council appoints a People's Committee, which acts as the executive arm of the provincial governance. This arrangement is a somewhat simplified version of the situation in Vietnam's
national government. Provincial governments are subordinates to the central government.
People's Committee
The executive branch of a province is the People's Committee (''Uỷ ban Nhân dân'' or UBND for short). The People's Committee is responsible for implementing policy and executing laws and orders. The People's Committee is equivalent to the executive
Government of Vietnam
The Government of the Socialist Republic of Vietnam (), also known as the Vietnamese Government or the Government of Vietnam (), is the executive branch and body of the State administration of Vietnam. The members of the Government are appoi ...
. People's Committee also manages the provincial departments (''Sở'') which are equivalent to the Ministries.
Members of the People's Committee are called commissioners (''Ủy viên''). The People's Committee is headed by a Chairman (''Chủ tịch'') and Vice Chairmen (''Phó Chủ tịch''), and consists of between 4 and 7 commissioners. The number of commissioners depends on the population of the province. The Chairman and Vice Chairmen of the People's Committee are also councillors of the People's Council.
People's Court
The judiciary branch of a province is the People's Court (''Tòa án Nhân dân'' or TAND for short). The People's Court is responsible for judiciary processes and trials. The People's Court is equivalent to the judiciary
Supreme People's Court of Vietnam
Supreme may refer to:
Entertainment
* Supreme (character), a comic book superhero
* ''Supreme'' (film), a 2016 Telugu film
* Supreme (producer), hip-hop record producer
* "Supreme" (song), a 2000 song by Robbie Williams
* The Supremes, Motown-e ...
.
The People's Court is headed by a Chief Judge (''Chánh án'') and consists of a number of judges (''thẩm phán'').
Police Department
Provincial police department is under direct command of the Ministry of Public Security.
State Treasury
Provincial Military Command
List and statistics
According to the census results of 1 April 2019, the population of Vietnam is 96,208,984 people.
[)
, publication-place=Hanoi
, access-date=15 May 2020
, date=December 2019
, trans-section=Part III - Tabulated tables
, section=Phần III - biểu tổng hợp
, language=vi
, isbn=978-604-75-1448-9
, url-status=live
, format=pdf] The most populous top-level administrative unit in Vietnam is
Hồ Chí Minh City
, population_density_km2 = 4,292
, population_density_metro_km2 = 697.2
, population_demonym = Saigonese
, blank_name = GRP (Nominal)
, blank_info = 2019
, blank1_name = – Total
, blank1_ ...
, one of the five
centrally governed cities. It has 8,993,082 people living within its official boundaries. The second most populous administrative unit is the recently expanded
Hà Nội
Hanoi or Ha Noi ( or ; vi, Hà Nội ) is the capital and second-largest city of Vietnam. It covers an area of . It consists of 12 urban districts, one district-leveled town and 17 rural districts. Located within the Red River Delta, Hanoi is ...
with 8,053,663
people. Prior to the expansion of the capital city, this rank belonged to
Thanh Hóa
Thanh Hóa () is the capital of Thanh Hóa Province. The city is situated in the east of the province on the Ma River (Sông Mã), about 150 kilometers (93 miles) south of Hanoi and 1560 kilometers (969 miles) north of Ho Chi Minh City. Thanh ...
with 3,640,128 people. The least populous is
Bắc Kạn
Bắc Kạn () is the capital of Bắc Kạn Province, Vietnam. The province's only city, it is bordered by Bạch Thông District to the north, north-east and west and Chợ Mới District to the south-east and south-west. Bắc Kạn is 160 k ...
, a mountainous province in the remote northeast with 313,905 people.
In land area, the largest province is
Nghệ An, which runs from the city of
Vinh
Vinh () is the biggest city and economic and cultural center of north-central Vietnam. Vinh is the capital of Nghệ An Province, and is a key point in the East–West economic corridor linking Myanmar, Thailand, Laos and Vietnam. The city is ...
up the wide Sông Cả valley. The smallest is
Bắc Ninh
Bắc Ninh () is a city in the northern part of Vietnam and is the capital of Bắc Ninh province. The city is the cultural, administrative and commercial center of the province. The city area is 82.60 square km, with a population of 501,199 in N ...
, located in the populous
Red River Delta
The Red River Delta or Hong River Delta ( vi, Châu thổ sông Hồng) is the flat low-lying plain formed by the Red River and its distributaries merging with the Thái Bình River in northern Vietnam. ''Hồng'' (紅) is a Sino-Vietnamese wor ...
region.
The following is a table of Vietnam's provinces broken down by population and area, 1 April 2019, based on 2019 Census
and 2018 area data from
Ministry of Natural Resources and Environment
An environmental ministry is a national or subnational government agency politically responsible for the environment and/or natural resources. Various other names are commonly used to identify such agencies, such as Ministry of the Environment, ...
.
[ - the data in the report are in ares, rounded to integers]
See also
List of postal codes in Vietnam
Regions
The Vietnamese government often groups the various provinces into eight regions, which are often grouped into three macro-regions: Northern, Central and Southern. These regions are not always used, and alternative classifications are possible. The regions include:
Municipality
A municipality is usually a single administrative division having corporate status and powers of self-government or jurisdiction as granted by national and regional laws to which it is subordinate.
The term ''municipality'' may also mean the go ...
(thành phố trực thuộc trung ương)
Historical provinces of Vietnam
*
Ái Châu - existed during the
third Chinese domination
The Third Era of Northern Domination refers to the third period of Chinese rule in Vietnamese history. The era starts from the end of the Early Lý dynasty in 602 to the rise of the local Khúc family and other Viet warlords in the early 10th c ...
.
*
An Xuyên - existed from 1956 until the
Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Biên Hòa
Biên Hòa (Northern accent: , Southern accent: ) is the capital city of Đồng Nai Province, Vietnam and part of the Ho Chi Minh City metropolitan area and located about east of Ho Chi Minh City, to which Biên Hòa is linked by Vietnam Hig ...
- existed from 1832 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Bình Trị Thiên
Bình Trị Thiên (1975–1990) was a former administrative grouping of three provinces in Vietnam: Quảng Bình, Quảng Trị and Thừa Thiên. The grouping did not work well and was reversed in 1992. The geographical term had been used ...
- administrative grouping of Quảng Bình, Quảng Trị and Thừa Thiên provinces between 1976 and 1992.
*
Bình Tuy - existed from 1956 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Chợ Lớn - existed from 1900 until 1957.
*
Chương Thiện - existed from 1961 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Cửu Long - administrative grouping of Vĩnh Long and Vĩnh Bình provinces between 1976 and 1992.
*
Định Tường - existed from 1832 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Gia Định - existed from 1832, became Hồ Chí Minh City following the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Gò Công
Gò Công is a town district (''thị xã'') of Tiền Giang province in the Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. The town of Gò Công is not to be confused with East Gò Công and West Gò Công Districts ( vi, huyện Gò Công Đông and ) whi ...
- existed from 1900 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Hà Bắc
Hà is a Vietnamese surname. The name is transliterated as He in Chinese and Ha in Korean.
Ha is the anglicized variation of the surname Hà. It is also the anglicized variation of Hạ.
Notable people with the surname Hà
*Hà Kiều Anh, Mis ...
- administrative grouping of Bắc Giang and Bắc Ninh provinces between 1962 and 1996.
*
Hà Tây - existed from 1965 to 1975 and 1991 until 2008, when it was merged into Hà Nội.
*
Hải Hưng - administrative grouping of Hải Dương and Hưng Yên provinces between 1968 and 1996.
*
Hậu Nghĩa - existed from 1963 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Long Khánh - existed from 1956, became Đồng Nai province following the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Minh Hải - administrative grouping of Cà Mau and Bạc Liêu provinces between 1976 and 1996.
*
Nghệ Tĩnh - administrative grouping of Nghệ An and Hà Tĩnh provinces between 1976 and 1991.
*
Phước Long - existed from 1956 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Phước Thành - existed from 1959 until 1965.
*
Phước Tuy - existed from 1956 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Quảng Tín - existed from 1962 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Sa Đéc
Sa Đéc is a Provincial city (Vietnam), Provincial city in Đồng Tháp Province in the Mekong Delta of southern Vietnam. It is a river port and agricultural and industrial trading center. The Sa Đéc economic zone consists of Châu Thành D ...
- existed from 1900 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
*
Sông Bé Sông Bé may refer to:
* Bé River, a river of southern Vietnam
* Sông Bé province, a former Vietnamese province named after the river
{{Disambiguation ...
- administrative grouping of Bình Dương and Bình Phước provinces between 1976 and 1997.
*
Tân An
Tân An is the capital city of Long An Province in Mekong Delta region of Vietnam. It was upgraded from town status to city status on 26 August 2009. The population of Tân An is 165,214 as of 2009, with an area of 81.79 km2. It comprises n ...
- existed from 1900 until 1956.
*
Vĩnh Bình - existed from 1956 until the Vietnamese reunification of 1976.
See also
*
ISO 3166-2:VN
Notes
References
External links
CityMayors.com article*
Comprehensive map of Vietnam's provinces''c.'' 1890
{{DEFAULTSORT:Provinces Of Vietnam
Subdivisions of Vietnam
Provinces
A province is almost always an administrative division within a country or state. The term derives from the ancient Roman ''provincia'', which was the major territorial and administrative unit of the Roman Empire's territorial possessions outsi ...
Vietnam 1
Provinces, Vietnam
Vietnam geography-related lists