''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial n ...

of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the

Nearctic The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting the Earth's land surface. The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America ...

, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the

Neotropics The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In bi ...

. It is the largest genus of flowering plants endemic to North America. Formerly placed in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its members and of society. Idea ...

Scrophulariaceae The Scrophulariaceae are a family of flowering plants, commonly known as the figwort family. The plants are annual and perennial herbs, as well as shrubs. Flowers have bilateral ( zygomorphic) or rarely radial ( actinomorphic) symmetry. The S ...

by the

Cronquist system The Cronquist system is a taxonomic classification system of flowering plants. It was developed by Arthur Cronquist in a series of monographs and texts, including ''The Evolution and Classification of Flowering Plants'' (1968; 2nd edition, 1988) ...

, new genetic research has placed it in the vastly expanded family

Plantaginaceae Plantaginaceae, the plantain family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain." In older ...

They have

opposite leaves In botany, phyllotaxis () or phyllotaxy is the arrangement of leaves on a plant stem. Phyllotactic spirals form a distinctive class of patterns in nature. Leaf arrangement The basic arrangements of leaves on a stem are opposite and alternat ...

, partly tube-shaped, and two-lipped

flower A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechanism ...

s and

seed A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiosper ...

capsules. The most distinctive feature of the genus is the prominent

staminode In botany, a staminode is an often rudimentary, sterile or abortive stamen, which means that it does not produce pollen.Jackson, Benjamin, Daydon; ''A Glossary of Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent''; Published by Gerald Duckworth & Co. ...

, an infertile

stamen The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filam ...

. The staminode takes a variety of forms in the different species; while typically a long straight filament extending to the mouth of the corolla, some are longer and extremely hairy, giving the general appearance of an open mouth with a fuzzy tongue protruding and inspiring the common name beardtongue. Most penstemons are

deciduous In the fields of horticulture and Botany, the term ''deciduous'' () means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, a ...

or semi-

evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which ...

perennials A perennial plant or simply perennial is a plant that lives more than two years. The term ('' per-'' + '' -ennial'', "through the years") is often used to differentiate a plant from shorter-lived annuals and biennials. The term is also wide ...

, the remainder being

shrubs A shrub (often also called a bush) is a small-to-medium-sized perennial woody plant. Unlike herbaceous plants, shrubs have persistent woody stems above the ground. Shrubs can be either deciduous or evergreen. They are distinguished from trees ...

or subshrubs. Heights can range from 10 cm to as much as 3 metres. The one Asiatic species previously treated in ''Penstemon'' is now placed in a separate genus '' Pennellianthus''. This leaves ''Penstemon'' a mostly

genus, with a few

neotropical The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone. Definition In bi ...

species. Although widespread across North America, and found in habitats ranging from open desert to moist forests, and up to the alpine zone, they are not typically common within their range.

History

John Mitchell published the first scientific description in 1748; although he only named it as ''Penstemon'', we can identify it as '' P. laevigatus''.

Linnaeus Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, t ...

then included it in his 1753 publication, as ''Chelone pentstemon'', altering the spelling to better correspond to the notion that the name referred to the unusual fifth stamen (Greek "penta-", five). Mitchell's work was reprinted in 1769, continuing with his original spelling, and this was ultimately accepted as the official form, although ''Pentstemon'' continued in use into the 20th century. Although several more species were found in the 18th century, they continued to be classified in '' Chelone'' until about the 1820s. The period of 1810 to 1850 increased the number of known species from 4 to 63, as expeditions traveled through Mexico and the western United States, followed by another 100 up to 1900. During this time, seeds began to be offered for sale in Europe, the earliest known dating from 1813, with John Fraser offering four species in London, followed by Flanagan & Nutting offering nine species in their 1835 catalog. Subsequently many hybrids were developed in Europe. Fieldwork in the remote parts of the Great Basin during the 20th century brought the total number of species known to over 250. The genus was extensively revised by David Keck between 1932 and 1957. In 1946 the American Penstemon Society (link at bottom) was formed to promote both horticultural and botanical interest.

Uses

Some Native American tribes used penstemons as medicinal remedies for humans and animals.Escamilla, G., et al
''Penstemon ambiguus''.
Medicinal Plants of the Southwest. New Mexico State University. 2001. Updated 2008. Today its primary use is ornamental.

Horticulture

Although penstemons are among the most attractive

native Native may refer to: People * Jus soli, citizenship by right of birth * Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory ** Native Americans (disambiguation) In arts and enterta ...

flowers of North America, Europe has traditionally been far more active in their hybridization with hundreds of hybrids developed since the early 19th century. The earliest development is somewhat shrouded in mystery; for instance Flanagan & Nutting's 1835 catalog mentions a 'Penstemon Hybridum' but does not describe it. By 1860, a half-dozen French growers are known to have developed hybrids, most notably

Victor Lemoine Pierre Louis Victor Lemoine (October 21, 1823 in Delme, Moselle - December 11, 1911) was a celebrated and prolific French flower breeder who, among other accomplishments, created many of today's lilac varieties. As a result of his accomplishment ...

, while in 1857 the German

Wilhelm Pfitzer Wilhelm Pfitzer (21 January 1821 - 31 July 1905) was a German horticulturist. Wilhelm II Pfitzer in 1844, founded a nursery on a property at Militärstraße, Stuttgart in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, where his father, Wilhelm I Pfitzer, owned a pro ...

listed 24 varieties. In 1861 the British

Royal Horticultural Society The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), founded in 1804 as the Horticultural Society of London, is the UK's leading gardening charity. The RHS promotes horticulture through its five gardens at Wisley (Surrey), Hyde Hall (Essex), Harlow Carr (No ...

held trials in which 78 varieties were entered. The Scottish firm of John Forbes first offered penstemons in 1870, eventually becoming the biggest grower in the world; in 1884 their catalog listed 180 varieties. By 1900 Forbes had offered 550 varieties, while Lemoine had developed nearly 470 by the time of his death in 1911. Few of these have survived to the present day. A number of different species have been used in the hybridization process, notably '' P. cobaea'' and '' P. hartwegii''. In North America, penstemons are often used in

xeriscape Xeriscaping is the process of landscaping, or gardening, that reduces or eliminates the need for irrigation. It is promoted in regions that do not have accessible, plentiful, or reliable supplies of fresh water and has gained acceptance in other ...

landscaping, as many are native to desert or alpine regions and thus quite hardy. One of the largest collections of penstemons in North America is found at The Arboretum at

Flagstaff, Arizona Flagstaff ( ) is a city in, and the county seat of, Coconino County in northern Arizona, in the southwestern United States. In 2019, the city's estimated population was 75,038. Flagstaff's combined metropolitan area has an estimated population ...

, which hosts a Penstemon Festival each summer.

Cultivars

The following species and cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's

Award of Garden Merit The Award of Garden Merit (AGM) is a long-established annual award for plants by the British Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). It is based on assessment of the plants' performance under UK growing conditions. History The Award of Garden Merit ...

:- * 'Andenken an Friedrich Hahn' (deep red) * 'Beech Park' (pink/white) * 'Connie's Pink' (rose pink) * 'Evelyn' (rose pink) * 'George Home' (red/white) * 'Hewell Pink Bedder' (pink/white) * ' Hidcote Pink' * '

Margery Fish Margery Fish (née Townshend) (5 August 1892 – 24 March 1969) was an English gardener and gardening writer, who exercised a strong influence on the informal English cottage garden style of her period.

' (purple/blue) * 'Maurice Gibbs' (purple-red/white) * 'Osprey' (pink/white) * ''P. hartwegii'' (scarlet) * ''P. isophyllus'' (pale pink) * ''P. pinifolius'' 'Wisley Flame' (orange-red) * ''P. rupicola'' (pink) * 'Port Wine' (deep red/white) * 'Raven' (purple/white) * 'Rich Ruby' * 'Roy Davidson' (pink/white) * 'Rubicundus' (red/white) * 'Schoenholzeri' (red) * 'Sour Grapes' (purple/blue) * 'Stapleford Gem' (purple/blue) Others include 'Dark Towers', developed by Dale Lindgren at the

University of Nebraska A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. ''University'' is derived from the Latin phrase ''universitas magistrorum et scholarium'', which ...

Species

* ''

Penstemon abietinus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – Firleaf beardtongue * ''

Penstemon absarokensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Evert – Absaroka Range beardtongue * '' Penstemon acaulis'' L.O. Williams – Stemless beardtongue * ''

Penstemon acuminatus ''Penstemon acuminatus'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names sharpleaf penstemon and sand-dune penstemon. It is native to the northwestern United States, where it occurs in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, ...

'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – Sharpleaf penstemon * '' Penstemon alamosensis'' Pennell & Nisbet – Los Alamos beardtongue * ''

Penstemon albertinus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Greene – Alberta beardtongue * '' Penstemon albidus'' Nutt. – White penstemon * '' Penstemon albomarginalis'' M. E. Jones * '' Penstemon albomarginatus'' M.E. Jones – White margin penstemon, whitemargin beardtongue, whitemargin penstemon * '' Penstemon alluviorum'' Pennell – lowland beardtongue * '' Penstemon ambiguus'' Torr. – bush penstemon, gilia beardtongue, gilia penstemon * ''

Penstemon ammophilus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' N. Holmgren & L. Shultz – sandloving penstemon * ''

Penstemon anguineus ''Penstemon anguineus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Siskiyou beardtongue. It is native to the mountains of Oregon and northern California, where it grows in coniferous forests, often in open areas left by logging operation ...

'' Eastw. – Siskiyou beardtongue * '' Penstemon angustifolius'' Nutt. ex Pursh – broad-beard beardtongue, broadbeard beardtongue, narrowleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon arenarius ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Greene – Nevada sanddune beardtongue, sanddune penstemon * ''

Penstemon arenicola ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flower ...

'' A. Nels. – sand penstemon * ''

Penstemon aridus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Rydb. – stiffleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon arkansanus ''Penstemon arkansanus'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name Arkansas beardtongue. It is endemic to Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, and Illinois in the United States, occurring in rocky or sandy so ...

'' Pennell – Arkansas beardtongue * '' Penstemon attenuatus'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – sulphur penstemon * ''

Penstemon atwoodii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Welsh – Kaiparowits beardtongue * ''

Penstemon auriberbis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – Colorado beardtongue * '' Penstemon australis'' Small – Eustis Lake beardtongue * '' Penstemon azureus'' Benth. – azure penstemon * '' Penstemon baccharifolius'' Hook. – baccharisleaf beardtongue Francis Whittier Pennell * '' Penstemon barbatus'' (Cav.) Roth – Golden-beard Penstemon or Beardlip penstemon * '' Penstemon barnebyi'' N. Holmgren – Barneby's penstemon, White River Valley beardtongue * '' Penstemon barrettiae'' Gray – Barrett's beardtongue * '' Penstemon bicolor'' (Brandeg.) Clokey & Keck – pinto beardtongue, pinto penstemon * '' Penstemon bracteatus'' Keck – Red Canyon beardtongue * '' Penstemon breviculus'' (Keck) Nisbet & R.C. Jackson – shortstem beardtongue, shortstem penstemon * '' Penstemon brevisepalus'' Pennell – short-sepaled beardtongue * ''

Penstemon bryantiae ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flower ...

'' Keck – Bryant's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon buckleyi ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – buckley penstemon, Buckley's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon caesius ''Penstemon caesius'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name San Bernardino beardtongue. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the San Bernardino and San Gabriel Mountains, as well as the southern mountains of the Sier ...

'' Gray – San Bernardino beardtongue * ''

Penstemon caespitosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Nutt. ex Gray – mat penstemon * ''

Penstemon calcareus ''Penstemon calcareus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name limestone beardtongue. It is native to California, where it is known from the deserts of central San Bernardino County, as well as the Death Valley area, where its dis ...

'' Brandeg. – limestone beardtongue * '' Penstemon californicus'' (Munz & Johnston) Keck – California penstemon * '' Penstemon calycosus'' Small – longsepal beardtongue * '' Penstemon campanulatus'' (Cav.) Willd. – bellflower beardtongue * '' Penstemon canescens'' (Britt.) Britt. – eastern gray beardtongue * '' Penstemon cardinalis'' Woot. & Standl. – cardinal beardtongue * '' Penstemon cardwellii'' T.J. Howell – Cardwell's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon carnosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – fleshy beardtongue * '' Penstemon caryi'' Pennell – Cary's beardtongue * '' Penstemon cedrosensis'' * ''

Penstemon centranthifolius ''Penstemon centranthifolius'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name scarlet bugler. It is native to California and parts of Mexico, where it grows in many types of dry habitat from coast to desert, such as chaparral and oak woodland ...

'' Benth. – scarlet bugler * '' Penstemon cinicola'' Keck – ash penstemon * ''

Penstemon cleavelandii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Gray * '' Penstemon clevelandii'' Gray – Cleveland's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon clutei ''Penstemon clutei'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name Sunset Crater beardtongue. It is endemic to Arizona, where it is known only from a system of volcanic cinder cones, including Sunset Crater, in ...

'' A. Nels. – Sunset Crater beardtongue, Sunset Crater penstemon * '' Penstemon cobaea'' Nutt. – cobaea beardtongue, Cobaea penstemon * '' Penstemon comarrhenus'' Gray – dusty beardtongue, dusty penstemon * '' Penstemon compactus'' (Keck) Crosswhite – compact penstemon * ''

Penstemon concinnus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Keck – Tunnel Springs beardtongue, Tunnel Springs penstemon * ''

Penstemon confertus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – yellow penstemon * ''

Penstemon confusus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' M.E. Jones – Owens Valley beardtongue, Owens Valley penstemon * '' Penstemon crandallii'' A. Nels. – Crandall's beardtongue * '' Penstemon crideri'' A. Nels. (pro sp.) – Crider penstemon, Crider's penstemon * '' Penstemon cusickii'' Gray – Cusick's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon cyananthus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Hook. – Wasatch beardtongue * '' Penstemon cyaneus'' Pennell – blue penstemon * '' Penstemon cyanocaulis'' Payson – bluestem beardtongue * '' Penstemon cyathophorus'' Rydb. – Northpark penstemon, sagebrush beardtongue * ''

Penstemon dasyphyllus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Gray – Cochise beardtongue, purple penstemon * '' Penstemon davidsonii'' Greene – Davidson's penstemon, timberline penstemon ** ''Penstemon davidsonii'' var. ''davidsonii'' – Davidson's penstemon ** ''Penstemon davidsonii'' var. ''menziesii'' – Menzies' penstemon ** ''Penstemon davidsonii'' var. ''praeteritus'' – timberline penstemon * ''

Penstemon deamii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' Pennell – Deam's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon deaveri ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Crosswhite – Mt. Graham beardtongue * ''

Penstemon debilis ''Penstemon debilis'', the Parachute penstemon or Parachute beardtongue, is one of the rarest plants in North America, found only 5 places in the world, all of them located on the Roan Plateau in Garfield County, of Western Colorado. The Denve ...

'' O'Kane & J. Anderson – Parachute beardtongue * '' Penstemon degeneri'' Crosswhite – Degener's beardtongue * '' Penstemon deustus'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – scabland penstemon * '' Penstemon digitalis'' Nutt. ex Sims – talus slope penstemon, foxglove beardtongue * '' Penstemon diphyllus'' Rydb. – twoleaf beardtongue * '' Penstemon discolor'' Keck – Catalina beardtongue * ''

Penstemon dissectus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Ell. – dissected beardtongue * ''

Penstemon distans ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' N. Holmgren – Mt. Tumbull beardtongue * ''

Penstemon dolius ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' M.E. Jones ex Pennell – Jones's penstemon, Jones' beardtongue * '' Penstemon dubius'' A. Davids. (pro sp.) – dubius penstemon * ''

Penstemon eatonii ''Penstemon eatonii'' is a species of flowering plant in the genus '' Penstemon'', known by the common names Eaton's penstemon and firecracker penstemon. It is native to the Western United States from Southern California to the Rocky Mountains. I ...

'' Gray – Eaton penstemon, Eaton's penstemon, firecracker penstemon * '' Penstemon elegantulus'' Pennell – rockvine penstemon * '' Penstemon ellipticus'' Coult. & Fisher – rocky ledge penstemon * ''

Penstemon eriantherus ''Penstemon eriantherus'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names fuzzytongue penstemon and crested beardtongue. It is native to western North America, where it occurs in western Canada and the northwester ...

'' Pursh – fuzzytongue penstemon * '' Penstemon euglaucus'' English – glaucous beardtongue * ''

Penstemon eximius ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Keck – unusual beardtongue * ''

Penstemon fendleri ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Torr. & Gray – fendler penstemon, Fendler's beardtongue, Fendler's penstemon * ''

Penstemon filiformis ''Penstemon filiformis'' is an uncommon species of penstemon known by the common name threadleaf beardtongue. It is Endemism, endemic to the Klamath Mountains of northern California, where it grows in forest and woodland, often on serpentine soil ...

'' (Keck) – Keck threadleaf beardtongue * '' Penstemon flavescens'' Pennell – high mountain penstemon * '' Penstemon floribundus'' D. Danley – Cordillia's beardtongue, Cordillia's penstemon * '' Penstemon floridus'' Brandeg. – Panamint beardtongue, Panamint penstemon * '' Penstemon flowersii'' Neese & Welsh – Flowers' beardtongue * ''

Penstemon franklinii ''Penstemon franklinii'', or Franklin's penstemon, is a plant species endemic to Utah, United States, known only from Cedar Valley in Iron County. It grows in grasslands A grassland is an area where the vegetation is dominated by grasses (P ...

'' Welsh – Franklin's penstemon * ''

Penstemon fremontii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Torr. & Gray ex Gray – Fremont penstemon, Fremont's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon fruticiformis ''Penstemon fruticiformis'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Death Valley beardtongue. It is native to the western United States, where it is found growing in rocky scrub, woodlands, deserts and mountains of eastern California ...

'' Coville – Death Valley beardtongue, Death Valley penstemon * '' Penstemon fruticosus'' (Pursh) – Greene bush penstemon * '' Penstemon gairdneri'' Hook. – Gairdner's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon gibbensii ''Penstemon gibbensii'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name Gibbens' beardtongue. It is native to the western United States, where it occurs in Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah.Penstemon glaber'' Pursh – sawsepal penstemon, western smooth beardtongue * '' Penstemon glandulosus'' Dougl. – stickystem penstemon * ''

Penstemon glaucinus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – blueleaf beardtongue * ''

Penstemon globosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' (Piper) Pennell & Keck – globe penstemon * '' Penstemon goodrichii'' N. Holmgren – Lapoint beardtongue * '' Penstemon gormanii'' Greene – Gorman's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon gracilentus ''Penstemon gracilentus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names slender beardtongue and slender penstemon. It is native to the mountains and sagebrush plateau of northeastern California, western Nevada, and southern Oregon, where i ...

'' Gray – slender penstemon * ''

Penstemon gracilis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Nutt. – lilac penstemon, slender penstemon * '' Penstemon grahamii'' Keck – Uinta Basin beardtongue * ''

Penstemon grandiflorus ''Penstemon grandiflorus'', the large-flowered beardtongue or large beardtongue, is a perennial flowering plant endemic to the United States. It is sometimes called ''Penstemon bradburyi''. The Lakota name for this plant is kimi'milia tawana'hc ...

'' Nutt. – large beardtongue, largeflowered penstemon * ''

Penstemon griffinii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' A. Nels. – Griffin's beardtongue * '' Penstemon grinnellii'' Eastw. – Grinnell's beardtongue * '' Penstemon guadalupensis'' Heller – Guadalupe beardtongue * ''

Penstemon hallii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Gray – Hall's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon harbourii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Gray – Harbour's beardtongue * '' Penstemon harringtoni'' Penl. * '' Penstemon harringtonii'' Penl. – Harrington's beardtongue * '' Penstemon hartwegii'' Benth. – Hartweg's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon harvardii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Gray * '' Penstemon havardii'' Gray – Big Bend beardtongue * ''

Penstemon haydenii ''Penstemon haydenii'', the blowout penstemonFertig, Walter. 2000. Status of Blowout Penstemon (''Penstemon haydenii'') in Wyoming.” Prepared by the Wyoming Natural Diversity Database for the Wyoming Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit ...

'' S. Wats. – blowout beardtongue, blowout penstemon * ''

Penstemon heterodoxus ''Penstemon heterodoxus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Sierra beardtongue. It is native to California and western Nevada where it grows in several of the mountain ranges from the Klamath Mountains to the Sierra Nevada - ...

'' Gray – Sierra beardtongue, Sierra penstemon * ''

Penstemon heterophyllus ''Penstemon heterophyllus'' is a species of '' penstemon'' known by the common names bunchleaf penstemon, foothill penstemon, and foothill beardtongue. It is endemic to California. The plant can be found in all of the major coastal mountain ranges ...

'' Lindl. – bunchleaf penstemon * '' Penstemon hirsutus'' (L.) Willd. – hairy beardtongue * ''

Penstemon humilis ''Penstemon humilis'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names low beardtongue Penstemon idahoensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Atwood & Welsh – Idaho beardtongue * ''

Penstemon immanifestus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' N. Holmgren – Steptoe Valley beardtongue, Steptoe Valley penstemon * '' Penstemon incertus'' Brandeg. – Mojave beardtongue * ''

Penstemon inflatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Crosswhite – inflated beardtongue * ''

Penstemon jamesii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Benth. – James penstemon, James' beardtongue * ''

Penstemon janishiae ''Penstemon janishiae'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names Antelope Valley beardtongue and Janish's beardtongue. It is native to the northwestern United States in sections of Idaho, Oregon, Nevada and northwestern California, wh ...

'' N. Holmgren – Antelope Valley beardtongue, Janish's penstemon * '' Penstemon jonesi'' Pennell * ''

Penstemon jonesii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell (pro sp.) – Jones' penstemon * '' Penstemon kingii'' S. Wats. – King's beardtongue, King's penstemon * ''

Penstemon labrosus ''Penstemon labrosus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name San Gabriel beardtongue. It is native to the Transverse Ranges of southern California, including the San Gabriel Mountains, and the Peninsular Ranges to the south, its dis ...

'' (Gray) Hook. f. – San Gabriel beardtongue * '' Penstemon laetus'' Gray – mountain blue penstemon * '' Penstemon laevigatus'' Ait. – eastern smooth beardtongue * '' Penstemon laevis'' Pennell – southwestern beardtongue, southwestern penstemon * ''

Penstemon laricifolius ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' Hook. & Arn. – larchleaf beardtongue * ''

Penstemon laxiflorus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – nodding beardtongue * ''

Penstemon laxus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' A. Nels. – tufted penstemon * ''

Penstemon leiophyllus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – smoothleaf beardtongue, smoothleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon lemhiensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' (Keck) Keck & Cronq. – Lemhi penstemon * ''

Penstemon lentus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – handsome beardtongue, handsome penstemon * '' Penstemon leonardii'' Rydb. – Leonard's beardtongue, Leonard's penstemon * '' Penstemon leptanthus'' Pennell – Sevier Plateau beardtongue * '' Penstemon linarioides'' Gray – creeping penstemon, toadflax penstemon * ''

Penstemon longiflorus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' (Pennell) S.L. Clark – longflower penstemon * '' Penstemon lyallii'' (Gray) Gray – Lyall's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon marcusii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' (Keck) N. Holmgren – Marcus' beardtongue * ''

Penstemon mensarum ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – tiger beardtongue * ''

Penstemon metcalfei ''Penstemon metcalfei'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name Metcalfe's beardtongue. It is endemic to New Mexico in the United States, where it occurs in the Black Range Black is a color which resu ...

'' – Metcalfe's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon mirus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' A. Nels. (pro sp.) – bush penstemon, penstemon * '' Penstemon miser'' Gray – Malheur penstemon * '' Penstemon moffatii'' Eastw. – Moffatt's beardtongue * '' Penstemon monoensis'' Heller – Mono penstemon * '' Penstemon montanus'' Greene – cordroot beardtongue * ''

Penstemon moriahensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' N. Holmgren – Mount Moriah penstemon, Mt. Moriah beardtongue * '' Penstemon multiflorus'' Chapman ex Benth. – manyflower beardtongue * ''

Penstemon murcronatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' N. Holmgr. * ''

Penstemon murrayanus ''Penstemon murrayanus'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name scarlet beardtongue. It is endemic to Texas, Louisiana, Oklahoma Oklahoma (; Choctaw language, Choctaw: ; chr, ᎣᎧᎳᎰᎹ, ...

'' Hook. – scarlet beardtongue * ''

Penstemon nanus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Keck – dwarf beardtongue * ''

Penstemon navajoa ''Penstemon navajoa'' is a rare species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name Navajo Mountain beardtongue, or Navajo beardtongue. It is endemic to Utah in the United States, where it is known only from San Juan Coun ...

'' N. Holmgren – Navajo Mountain beardtongue * ''

Penstemon neomexicanus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Woot. & Standl. – New Mexico beardtongue * '' Penstemon neotericus'' Keck – Plumas County beardtongue Mountain Pride, Penstemon newberryi, YOSEMITE

* '' Penstemon newberryi'' Gray – mountain pride, pride-of-the-mountains * '' Penstemon nitidus'' Dougl. ex Benth. – waxleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon nudiflorus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Gray – Flagstaff beardtongue * ''

Penstemon oklahomensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – Oklahoma beardtongue, Oklahoma penstemon * '' Penstemon oliganthus'' Woot. & Standl. – Apache beardtongue * '' Penstemon ophianthus'' Pennell – Arizona beardtongue, coiled anther penstemon * ''

Penstemon osterhoutii ''Penstemon osterhoutii'', common name Osterhout's beardtongue, is an herbaceous perennial occurring in the United States state of Colorado. It is named in honor of George Everett Osterhout George Everett Osterhout (March 31, 1858 – April ...

'' Pennell – Osterhout's beardtongue * '' Penstemon ovatus'' Dougl. ex Hook. – eggleaf beardtongue * ''

Penstemon pachyphyllus ''Penstemon pachyphyllus'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name thickleaf beardtongue. It is native to the western United States,Penstemon pahutensis ''Penstemon pahutensis'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Pahute Mesa beardtongue, or simply Pahute beardtongue. It is native to the desert hills and mountains of southern Nevada, including the Pahute Mesa for which it is named ...

'' N. Holmgren – Pahute penstemon, Paiute beardtongue * '' Penstemon pallidus'' Small – pale beardtongue * ''

Penstemon palmeri ''Penstemon palmeri'', known by the common name Palmer's penstemon, is a species of perennial flowering plant in the genus ''Penstemon'' that is notable for its showy, rounded flowers, and for being one of the few scented penstemons. The plant, i ...

'' Gray – Palmer's penstemon, Palmer penstemon * '' Penstemon papillatus'' J.T. Howell – Inyo beardtongue * ''

Penstemon parishii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flower ...

'' Gray (pro sp.) – Parish's penstemon * ''

Penstemon parryi ''Penstemon parryi'', the Parry's penstemon, Parry's beardtongue or desert penstemon, is a wildflower native to the Sonoran Desert of Southern Arizona and northern Mexico. It is a perennial that blooms in March and April. In the wild, plants fl ...

'' (Gray) – Gray Parry penstemon, Parry's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon parviflorus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – Montezuma County beardtongue * '' Penstemon parvus'' Pennell – Aquarius Plateau beardtongue * '' Penstemon patens'' (M.E. Jones) N. Holmgren – Lone Pine beardtongue, Lone Pine penstemon * '' Penstemon payettensis'' A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. – Payette beardtongue * '' Penstemon paysoniorum'' Keck – Payson's beardtongue * '' Penstemon peckii'' Pennell – Peck's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon peirsonii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Munz & I.M. Johnston (pro sp.) – Peirson's penstemon * ''

Penstemon penlandii ''Penstemon penlandii'' is a rare species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names Penland penstemon and Penland's beardtongue. It is endemic to Colorado in the United States, where it is known only from a strip of land ...

'' W.A. Weber – penland beardtongue, Penland's beardtongue * '' Penstemon pennellianus'' Keck – Blue Mountain beardtongue * ''

Penstemon perpulcher ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' A. Nels. – Minidoka beardtongue * ''

Penstemon personatus ''Penstemon personatus'' is an uncommon species of penstemon known by the common name closethroat beardtongue. Description ''Penstemon personatus'' is a perennial herb producing mostly hairless, waxy stems up to about 50 centimeters tall. The l ...

'' Keck – closethroat beardtongue * '' Penstemon petiolatus'' Brandeg. – lime penstemon, petiolate beardtongue * ''

Penstemon pinifolius ''Penstemon pinifolius'', the pine-leaved penstemon or pine-needle beardtongue, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family Plantaginaceae, native to the southwestern USA. Growing to tall and broad, it is a small evergreen shrub with ...

'' Greene – pineneedle beardtongue, pineneedle penstemon * ''

Penstemon pinorum ''Penstemon pinorum'' is a rare species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names Pine Valley penstemon and pinyon penstemon. It is endemic to Utah in the United States, where it is known only from an area along the bor ...

'' L.& J. Shultz – Pine Valley penstemon * ''

Penstemon platyphyllus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Rydb. – broadleaf beardtongue, broadleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon pratensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flower ...

'' Greene western – whiteflower beardtongue, western whiteflower penstemon * ''

Penstemon procerus ''Penstemon procerus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name littleflower penstemon. It is native to western North America from Alaska to California to Colorado, as far east in Canada as Manitoba, where it grows in mountain habitat ...

'' Dougl. ex Graham – littleflower penstemon, pincushion beardtongue * '' Penstemon pruinosus'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – Chelan beardtongue * '' Penstemon pseudoparvus'' Crosswhite – Mt. Washington beardtongue, San Mateo penstemon * ''

Penstemon pseudoputus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' (Crosswhite) N. Holmgren – Kaibab Plateau beardtongue * ''

Penstemon pseudospectabilis ''Penstemon pseudospectabilis'' (desert beardtongue, or desert penstemon) a species of penstemon. It's native to the southwestern United States, where it grows in desert and plateau habitat types, such as sandy washes, scrub, and woodland. The ...

'' M.E. Jones – desert penstemon * ''

Penstemon pudicus ''Penstemon pudicus'' is a rare species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names bashful beardtongue and Kawich Range beardtongue. It is endemic to Nevada in the United States, where it is known only from the Kawich Ran ...

'' Reveal & Beatley – bashful penstemon, Kawich Range beardtongue * '' Penstemon pumilus'' Nutt. – Salmon River beardtongue * '' Penstemon purpusii'' Brandeg. – Snow Mountain beardtongue * ''

Penstemon putus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' A. Nels. – Black River beardtongue * ''

Penstemon radicosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' A. Nels. – matroot penstemon * ''

Penstemon ramosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Crosswhite – lanceleaf beardtongue, lanceleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon rattanii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Gray – Rattan's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon retrorsus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Payson ex Pennell – Adobe Hills beardtongue * '' Penstemon retrosus'' Payson ex Pennell * '' Penstemon rhizomatosus'' N. Holmgren * ''

Penstemon richardsonii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flower ...

'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – cutleaf beardtongue * ''

Penstemon roezlii ''Penstemon roezlii'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Roezl's penstemon. It is native to Oregon, western Nevada, and adjacent sections of northern California, including the Klamath Mountains and Sierra Nevada (U.S.), Sierra Nev ...

'' Regel – Roezl's penstemon * '' Penstemon rostriflorus'' Kellogg – beaked beardtongue, beakflower penstemon, Bridge penstemon * '' Penstemon rubicundus'' Keck – Wassuck penstemon, Wassuk Range beardtongue * '' Penstemon rupicola'' (Piper) T.J. Howell – cliff beardtongue * '' Penstemon rydbergii'' A. Nels. – meadow beardtongue, Rydberg penstemon, Rydberg's penstemon * ''

Penstemon saxosorum ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – upland beardtongue * ''

Penstemon scapoides ''Penstemon scapoides'' is an uncommon species of penstemon known by the common name pinyon beardtongue. It is endemic to Inyo County, California, where it grows in the scrub, woodlands, and forests of the mountain ranges above the desert. It ...

'' Keck – pinyon beardtongue * ''

Penstemon scariosus ''Penstemon scariosus'' is a species of flowering plant in the Plantaginaceae, plantain family known by the common name White River beardtongue. It is native to Colorado, Utah, and Wyoming in the United States.Penstemon secundiflorus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Benth. – sidebells penstemon * '' Penstemon seorsus'' (A. Nels.) Keck – shortlobe penstemon * ''

Penstemon sepalulus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' A. Nels. – littlecup beardtongue * ''

Penstemon serrulatus ''Penstemon serrulatus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names Cascade penstemon, coast penstemon, or serrulate penstemon. It is native to the Pacific Northwest of North America, from Oregon to Alaska. Description ''Penstemon serr ...

'' Menzies ex Sm. – serrulate penstemon * '' Penstemon smallii'' Heller – Small's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon spatulatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – Wallowa beardtongue * ''

Penstemon speciosus ''Penstemon speciosus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name royal penstemon of western North America. Distribution Native to the western United States, it is most common east of the crest of the Cascade Range of Washington and Or ...

'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – prairie-clover, royal penstemon * '' Penstemon spectabilis'' Thurb. ex Gray – showy penstemon * '' Penstemon stenophyllus'' (Gray) T.J. Howell – Sonoran beardtongue * '' Penstemon stephensii'' Brandeg. – Stephens' penstemon * ''

Penstemon strictiformis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Rydb. – Mancos penstemon, stiff penstemon * '' Penstemon strictus'' Benth. – Rocky Mountain beardtongue, Rocky Mountain penstemon * ''

Penstemon subglaber ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flower ...

'' Rydb. – smooth penstemon * ''

Penstemon subserratus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – finetooth beardtongue * ''

Penstemon subulatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' M.E. Jones – hackberry beardtongue * ''

Penstemon sudans ''Penstemon sudans'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Susanville beardtongue. It is native to northern Nevada and northeastern California, especially in the vicinity of Susanville, where it grows in scrub and forest habitat, of ...

'' M.E. Jones – Susanville beardtongue, Susanville penstemon * ''

Penstemon superbus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' A. Nels. – superb beardtongue * '' Penstemon tenuiflorus'' Pennell – eastern whiteflower beardtongue * ''

Penstemon tenuis ''Penstemon tenuis'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name sharpsepal beardtongue. It is endemic to Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Arkansas in the United States where it is found in open, damp areas i ...

'' Small – sharpsepal beardtongue * ''

Penstemon teucrioides ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Greene – germander beardtongue * ''

Penstemon thompsoniae ''Penstemon thompsoniae'', Thompson's beardtongue, is a low perennial plant endemic to the southwestern United States, where it grows in dry shrublands, woodlands and forests. It is considered a species of conservation concern in California. Tax ...

'' (Gray) Rydb. – Thompson's penstemon, Thompson's beardtongue, Thompson penstemon * '' Penstemon thurberi'' Torr. – Thurber's penstemon, Thurber penstemon * ''

Penstemon tidestromii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' Pennell – Tidestrom's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon tiehmii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' N. Holmgren – Tiehm's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon tracyi ''Penstemon tracyi'' is a rare species of penstemon known by the common names Trinity penstemon and Tracy's beardtongue. The plant is endemic to Trinity County, California, where it is known from fewer than 10 occurrences in the Trinity Alps, ...

'' Keck – Trinity penstemon * '' Penstemon triflorus'' Heller – Heller's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon triphyllus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – Riggin's penstemon * '' Penstemon tubaeflorus'' Nutt. – white wand beardtongue * '' Penstemon tusharensis'' N. Holmgren – Tushar Range beardtongue * '' Penstemon uintahensis'' Pennell – Uinta Mountain beardtongue * '' Penstemon unilateralis'' Rydb. – oneside penstemon * ''

Penstemon utahensis ''Penstemon utahensis'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names Utah beardtongue and Utah penstemon. It is native to the southwestern United States, where it grows in scrub, woodland, and canyons. It is a perennial herb growing erect ...

'' Eastw. – Utah penstemon * ''

Penstemon venustus ''Penstemon venustus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names Venus penstemon and alpine penstemon. It is native to the northwestern United States, where it grows in many types of open habitat. It is a spreading shrub growing erect ...

'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – Venus penstemon * ''

Penstemon virens ''Penstemon virens'', commonly known as blue mist penstemon, Front Range beardtongue, or Green beardtongue, is a common '' Penstemon'' in the Front Range foothills in Colorado and Wyoming. The dainty flowers are an ornament to many rocky or sand ...

'' Pennell ex Rydb. – Front Range beardtongue * ''

Penstemon virgatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' Gray – upright blue beardtongue * '' Penstemon wardii'' Gray – Ward's beardtongue * '' Penstemon washingtonensis'' Keck – Washington beardtongue * ''

Penstemon watsonii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Gray – Watson's penstemon, Watson's beardtongue, Watson penstemon * ''

Penstemon wendtiorum ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' B.L.TurnerTurner, B. L. (2010)
Taxonomy of the ''Penstemon campanulatus'' complex (Scrophulariaceae) and description of a new species from its midst.
''Phytoneuron'' 31 1–5. * '' Penstemon whippleanus'' Gray – dark beardtongue, Whipple's penstemon * ''

Penstemon wilcoxii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Rydb. – Wilcox's penstemon * ''

Penstemon wrightii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Hook. – Wright's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon yampaensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Penl. – Yampa beardtongue

References

External links

American Penstemon Society
{{Taxonbar, from=Q809265 Medicinal plants Plantaginaceae genera