''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the

Nearctic The Nearctic realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting the Earth's land surface. The Nearctic realm covers most of North America, including Greenland, Central Florida, and the highlands of Mexico. The parts of North America t ...

, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering plants endemic to North America. Formerly placed in the

family Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...

Scrophulariaceae by the Cronquist system, new genetic research has placed it in the vastly expanded family

Plantaginaceae Plantaginaceae, the plantain family, is a large, diverse family of flowering plants in the order Lamiales that includes common flowers such as snapdragon and foxglove. It is unrelated to the banana-like fruit also called "plantain." In older cl ...

They have opposite leaves, partly tube-shaped, and two-lipped

flower A flower, sometimes known as a bloom or blossom, is the reproductive structure found in flowering plants (plants of the division Angiospermae). The biological function of a flower is to facilitate reproduction, usually by providing a mechani ...

s and

seed A seed is an embryonic plant enclosed in a protective outer covering, along with a food reserve. The formation of the seed is a part of the process of reproduction in seed plants, the spermatophytes, including the gymnosperm and angiospe ...

capsules. The most distinctive feature of the genus is the prominent

staminode In botany, a staminode is an often rudimentary, sterile or abortive stamen, which means that it does not produce pollen.Jackson, Benjamin, Daydon; ''A Glossary of Botanic Terms with their Derivation and Accent''; Published by Gerald Duckworth & Co. ...

, an infertile

stamen The stamen (plural ''stamina'' or ''stamens'') is the pollen-producing reproductive organ of a flower. Collectively the stamens form the androecium., p. 10 Morphology and terminology A stamen typically consists of a stalk called the filame ...

. The staminode takes a variety of forms in the different species; while typically a long straight filament extending to the mouth of the corolla, some are longer and extremely hairy, giving the general appearance of an open mouth with a fuzzy tongue protruding and inspiring the common name beardtongue. Most penstemons are

deciduous In the fields of horticulture and Botany, the term ''deciduous'' () means "falling off at maturity" and "tending to fall off", in reference to trees and shrubs that seasonally shed leaves, usually in the autumn; to the shedding of petals, aft ...

or semi-

evergreen In botany, an evergreen is a plant which has foliage that remains green and functional through more than one growing season. This also pertains to plants that retain their foliage only in warm climates, and contrasts with deciduous plants, which ...

perennials, the remainder being shrubs or subshrubs. Heights can range from 10 cm to as much as 3 metres. The one Asiatic species previously treated in ''Penstemon'' is now placed in a separate genus ''

Pennellianthus ''Pennellianthus'' is a monotypic genus of flowering plants belonging to the family Plantaginaceae. It only contains one known species, ''Pennellianthus frutescens'' (Lamb.) Crosswh. The genus is within the Tribe Cheloneae along with '' Penstemon ...

''. This leaves ''Penstemon'' a mostly

genus, with a few neotropical species. Although widespread across North America, and found in habitats ranging from open desert to moist forests, and up to the alpine zone, they are not typically common within their range.

History

John Mitchell published the first scientific description in 1748; although he only named it as ''Penstemon'', we can identify it as '' P. laevigatus''. Linnaeus then included it in his 1753 publication, as ''Chelone pentstemon'', altering the spelling to better correspond to the notion that the name referred to the unusual fifth stamen (Greek "penta-", five). Mitchell's work was reprinted in 1769, continuing with his original spelling, and this was ultimately accepted as the official form, although ''Pentstemon'' continued in use into the 20th century. Although several more species were found in the 18th century, they continued to be classified in '' Chelone'' until about the 1820s. The period of 1810 to 1850 increased the number of known species from 4 to 63, as expeditions traveled through Mexico and the western United States, followed by another 100 up to 1900. During this time, seeds began to be offered for sale in Europe, the earliest known dating from 1813, with John Fraser offering four species in London, followed by Flanagan & Nutting offering nine species in their 1835 catalog. Subsequently many hybrids were developed in Europe. Fieldwork in the remote parts of the

Great Basin The Great Basin is the largest area of contiguous endorheic basin, endorheic watersheds, those with no outlets, in North America. It spans nearly all of Nevada, much of Utah, and portions of California, Idaho, Oregon, Wyoming, and Baja California ...

during the 20th century brought the total number of species known to over 250. The genus was extensively revised by

David Keck David Keck is a Canadian author, and teacher, who has master's degrees in English Literature, History, and Education. He is best known for his novels featuring protagonist Durand Col. His works have received generally positive reviews from cri ...

between 1932 and 1957. In 1946 the American Penstemon Society (link at bottom) was formed to promote both horticultural and botanical interest.

Uses

Some Native American tribes used penstemons as medicinal remedies for humans and animals.Escamilla, G., et al
''Penstemon ambiguus''.
Medicinal Plants of the Southwest. New Mexico State University. 2001. Updated 2008. Today its primary use is ornamental.

Horticulture

Although penstemons are among the most attractive

native Native may refer to: People * Jus soli, citizenship by right of birth * Indigenous peoples, peoples with a set of specific rights based on their historical ties to a particular territory ** Native Americans (disambiguation) In arts and entert ...

flowers of North America, Europe has traditionally been far more active in their hybridization with hundreds of hybrids developed since the early 19th century. The earliest development is somewhat shrouded in mystery; for instance Flanagan & Nutting's 1835 catalog mentions a 'Penstemon Hybridum' but does not describe it. By 1860, a half-dozen French growers are known to have developed hybrids, most notably

Victor Lemoine Pierre Louis Victor Lemoine (October 21, 1823 in Delme, Moselle - December 11, 1911) was a celebrated and prolific French flower breeder who, among other accomplishments, created many of today's lilac varieties. As a result of his accomplishm ...

, while in 1857 the German

Wilhelm Pfitzer Wilhelm Pfitzer (21 January 1821 - 31 July 1905) was a German horticulturist. Wilhelm II Pfitzer in 1844, founded a nursery on a property at Militärstraße, Stuttgart in Baden-Württemberg, Germany, where his father, Wilhelm I Pfitzer, owned a pro ...

listed 24 varieties. In 1861 the British

Royal Horticultural Society The Royal Horticultural Society (RHS), founded in 1804 as the Horticultural Society of London, is the UK's leading gardening charity. The RHS promotes horticulture through its five gardens at Wisley (Surrey), Hyde Hall (Essex), Harlow Carr (Nort ...

held trials in which 78 varieties were entered. The Scottish firm of John Forbes first offered penstemons in 1870, eventually becoming the biggest grower in the world; in 1884 their catalog listed 180 varieties. By 1900 Forbes had offered 550 varieties, while Lemoine had developed nearly 470 by the time of his death in 1911. Few of these have survived to the present day. A number of different species have been used in the hybridization process, notably '' P. cobaea'' and '' P. hartwegii''. In North America, penstemons are often used in

xeriscape Xeriscaping is the process of landscaping, or gardening, that reduces or eliminates the need for irrigation. It is promoted in regions that do not have accessible, plentiful, or reliable supplies of fresh water and has gained acceptance in other ...

landscaping, as many are native to desert or alpine regions and thus quite hardy. One of the largest collections of penstemons in North America is found at The Arboretum at

Flagstaff, Arizona Flagstaff ( ) is a city in, and the county seat of, Coconino County, Arizona, Coconino County in northern Arizona, in the southwestern United States. In 2019, the city's estimated population was 75,038. Flagstaff's combined metropolitan area has ...

, which hosts a Penstemon Festival each summer.

Cultivars

The following species and cultivars have gained the Royal Horticultural Society's

Award of Garden Merit The Award of Garden Merit (AGM) is a long-established annual award for plants by the British Royal Horticultural Society (RHS). It is based on assessment of the plants' performance under UK growing conditions. History The Award of Garden Merit ...

:- * 'Andenken an Friedrich Hahn' (deep red) * 'Beech Park' (pink/white) * 'Connie's Pink' (rose pink) * 'Evelyn' (rose pink) * 'George Home' (red/white) * 'Hewell Pink Bedder' (pink/white) * ' Hidcote Pink' * '

Margery Fish Margery Fish (née Townshend) (5 August 1892 – 24 March 1969) was an English gardener and gardening writer, who exercised a strong influence on the informal English cottage garden style of her period.

' (purple/blue) * 'Maurice Gibbs' (purple-red/white) * 'Osprey' (pink/white) * ''P. hartwegii'' (scarlet) * ''P. isophyllus'' (pale pink) * ''P. pinifolius'' 'Wisley Flame' (orange-red) * ''P. rupicola'' (pink) * 'Port Wine' (deep red/white) * 'Raven' (purple/white) * 'Rich Ruby' * 'Roy Davidson' (pink/white) * 'Rubicundus' (red/white) * 'Schoenholzeri' (red) * 'Sour Grapes' (purple/blue) * 'Stapleford Gem' (purple/blue) Others include 'Dark Towers', developed by Dale Lindgren at the

University of Nebraska A university () is an institution of higher (or tertiary) education and research which awards academic degrees in several academic disciplines. Universities typically offer both undergraduate and postgraduate programs. In the United States, the ...

Species

* ''

Penstemon abietinus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – Firleaf beardtongue * '' Penstemon absarokensis'' Evert – Absaroka Range beardtongue * ''

Penstemon acaulis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' L.O. Williams – Stemless beardtongue * ''

Penstemon acuminatus ''Penstemon acuminatus'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names sharpleaf penstemon and sand-dune penstemon. It is native to the northwestern United States, where it occurs in Washington, Oregon, Idaho, ...

'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – Sharpleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon alamosensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell & Nisbet – Los Alamos beardtongue * '' Penstemon albertinus'' Greene – Alberta beardtongue * ''

Penstemon albidus ''Penstemon albidus'', commonly known as white penstemon, white-flower beardtongue, or Red-Line Beardtongue is a very widespread perennial flower of the mixed-grass and shortgrass prairies. Its natural distribution is from Manitoba and Alberta i ...

'' Nutt. – White penstemon * ''

Penstemon albomarginalis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' M. E. Jones * ''

Penstemon albomarginatus ''Penstemon albomarginatus'' is an uncommon species of penstemon known by the common name white-margined beardtongue. It is native to the deserts of southern Nevada and western Arizona, as well as in two desert washes in the Mojave Desert in Cal ...

'' M.E. Jones – White margin penstemon, whitemargin beardtongue, whitemargin penstemon * ''

Penstemon alluviorum ''Penstemon alluviorum'', known by the common name lowland beardtongue, is a species of flowering plant in the veronica family. It is native to the Eastern United States where it is found in alluvial lowlands, particularly of the Mississippi and ...

'' Pennell – lowland beardtongue * ''

Penstemon ambiguus ''Penstemon ambiguus'', commonly known as the bush penstemon, pink plains penstemon, or gilia beardtongue is a species of ''Penstemon'' that grows in the shortgrass prairies and deserts of the western United States and northern Mexico. This bush ...

'' Torr. – bush penstemon, gilia beardtongue, gilia penstemon * ''

Penstemon ammophilus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' N. Holmgren & L. Shultz – sandloving penstemon * '' Penstemon anguineus'' Eastw. – Siskiyou beardtongue * ''

Penstemon angustifolius ''Penstemon angustifolius'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names broadbeard beardtongue and narrowleaf beardtongue. It is native to the west-central United States, including the Great Plains.

'' Nutt. ex Pursh – broad-beard beardtongue, broadbeard beardtongue, narrowleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon arenarius ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Greene – Nevada sanddune beardtongue, sanddune penstemon * '' Penstemon arenicola'' A. Nels. – sand penstemon * ''

Penstemon aridus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Rydb. – stiffleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon arkansanus ''Penstemon arkansanus'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name Arkansas beardtongue. It is endemic to Texas, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Missouri, and Illinois in the United States, occurring in rocky or sandy so ...

'' Pennell – Arkansas beardtongue * ''

Penstemon attenuatus ''Penstemon attenuatus'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names sulphur penstemon and taperleaf beardtongue. It is native to the northwestern United States.Penstemon atwoodii'' Welsh – Kaiparowits beardtongue * ''

Penstemon auriberbis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – Colorado beardtongue * ''

Penstemon australis ''Penstemon australis'' is a perennial plant native to the wetlands of Florida, with the common name Eustis Lake beardtongue. It has pink or purple tubular flowers and pointed leaves. It is in the family Plantaginaceae Plantaginaceae, the p ...

'' Small – Eustis Lake beardtongue * ''

Penstemon azureus ''Penstemon azureus'' is a flowering plant species known by the common name azure penstemon. It is native to the mountains of Oregon and northern California. It grows in coniferous forests and woodlands in the Klamath Mountains, North California ...

'' Benth. – azure penstemon * ''

Penstemon baccharifolius ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Hook. – baccharisleaf beardtongue Francis Whittier Pennell * ''

Penstemon barbatus ''Penstemon barbatus'', known by the common names golden-beard penstemon, and beardlip penstemon, is a flowering plant native to the western United States. In Spanish-speaking New Mexico and southern Colorado, it is called ''varita de San Jose'' ...

'' (Cav.) Roth – Golden-beard Penstemon or Beardlip penstemon * ''

Penstemon barnebyi ''Penstemon barnebyi'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names White River Valley beardtongue and Barneby's beardtongue. It is native to the mountain and basin territory of central western Nevada, where it grows in sagebrush and woodl ...

'' N. Holmgren – Barneby's penstemon, White River Valley beardtongue * ''

Penstemon barrettiae ''Penstemon barrettiae'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name Barrett's beardtongue or Barrett's penstemon. It is endemic to a small part of the Pacific Northwest of North America.

'' Gray – Barrett's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon bicolor ''Penstemon bicolor'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name pinto beardtongue. It is native to the desert mountains and valleys of southern Nevada, eastern California, and western Arizona, where it grows in scrub, woodland, and other ...

'' (Brandeg.) Clokey & Keck – pinto beardtongue, pinto penstemon * ''

Penstemon bracteatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Keck – Red Canyon beardtongue * ''

Penstemon breviculus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' (Keck) Nisbet & R.C. Jackson – shortstem beardtongue, shortstem penstemon * ''

Penstemon brevisepalus ''Penstemon brevisepalus'', commonly known as short-sepaled beardtongue, is an herbaceous plant in the plantain family. It is a perennial that produces pale lavender flowers in late spring. It is native to the eastern United States, where it is ...

'' Pennell – short-sepaled beardtongue * ''

Penstemon bryantiae ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Keck – Bryant's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon buckleyi ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – buckley penstemon, Buckley's beardtongue * '' Penstemon caesius'' Gray – San Bernardino beardtongue * ''

Penstemon caespitosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Nutt. ex Gray – mat penstemon * ''

Penstemon calcareus ''Penstemon calcareus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name limestone beardtongue. It is native to California, where it is known from the deserts of central San Bernardino County, as well as the Death Valley area, where its distrib ...

'' Brandeg. – limestone beardtongue * ''

Penstemon californicus ''Penstemon californicus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name California penstemon. It is native to Baja California and is also known from fewer than 20 occurrences in California, mainly in Orange and Riverside Counties. It grows ...

'' (Munz & Johnston) Keck – California penstemon * ''

Penstemon calycosus Penstemon calycosus, commonly called longsepal beardtongue, is a species of plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae). It is native to eastern North America, where it native to the Upper South and Midwestern United States. It expanded its ran ...

'' Small – longsepal beardtongue * ''

Penstemon campanulatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' (Cav.) Willd. – bellflower beardtongue * ''

Penstemon canescens ''Penstemon canescens'' is a species of penstemon in the family Plantaginaceae. ''P. canescens'' is known by the common names Eastern gray beardtongue or Appalachian beardtongue. It is native to woodlands, forest edges, and roadsides of the sout ...

'' (Britt.) Britt. – eastern gray beardtongue * ''

Penstemon cardinalis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Woot. & Standl. – cardinal beardtongue * ''

Penstemon cardwellii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' T.J. Howell – Cardwell's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon carnosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – fleshy beardtongue * ''

Penstemon caryi ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' Pennell – Cary's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon cedrosensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' * '' Penstemon centranthifolius'' Benth. – scarlet bugler * ''

Penstemon cinicola ''Penstemon cinicola'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name ash penstemon. It is native to northeastern California and southern Oregon, where it grows in forests and plateau habitat. It is a perennial herb with upright branches max ...

'' Keck – ash penstemon * '' Penstemon cleavelandii'' Gray * ''

Penstemon clevelandii ''Penstemon clevelandii'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Cleveland's beardtongue. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in mountain and desert habitat such as scrub, woodland, and chaparral. I ...

'' Gray – Cleveland's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon clutei ''Penstemon clutei'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name Sunset Crater beardtongue. It is endemic to Arizona, where it is known only from a system of volcanic cinder cones, including Sunset Crater, i ...

'' A. Nels. – Sunset Crater beardtongue, Sunset Crater penstemon * ''

Penstemon cobaea ''Penstemon cobaea'' is a flowering plant in the plantain family, commonly known as cobaea beardtongue, prairie beardtongue or foxglove penstemon. The plant is native to the central United States, primarily the Great Plains from Nebraska to Texa ...

'' Nutt. – cobaea beardtongue, Cobaea penstemon * ''

Penstemon comarrhenus ''Penstemon comarrhenus'' (dusty beardtongue or dusty penstemon) is a perennial plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae) found in the Colorado Plateau and Canyonlands region of the southwestern United States.Canyon Country Wildflowers, Dami ...

'' Gray – dusty beardtongue, dusty penstemon * ''

Penstemon compactus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' (Keck) Crosswhite – compact penstemon * ''

Penstemon concinnus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Keck – Tunnel Springs beardtongue, Tunnel Springs penstemon * ''

Penstemon confertus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – yellow penstemon * ''

Penstemon confusus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' M.E. Jones – Owens Valley beardtongue, Owens Valley penstemon * ''

Penstemon crandallii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' A. Nels. – Crandall's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon crideri ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' A. Nels. (pro sp.) – Crider penstemon, Crider's penstemon * ''

Penstemon cusickii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Gray – Cusick's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon cyananthus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Hook. – Wasatch beardtongue * ''

Penstemon cyaneus ''Penstemon cyaneus'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names blue penstemon and dark-blue beardtongue. It is native to the western United States, where it is widespread in Idaho, Montana, and Wyoming.

'' Pennell – blue penstemon * ''

Penstemon cyanocaulis ''Penstemon cyanocaulis'', the bluestem penstemon or bluestem beardtongue, is a perennial plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae) found in the Colorado Plateau and Canyonlands region of the southwestern United States.Canyon Country Wildfl ...

'' Payson – bluestem beardtongue * ''

Penstemon cyathophorus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Rydb. – Northpark penstemon, sagebrush beardtongue * '' Penstemon dasyphyllus'' Gray – Cochise beardtongue, purple penstemon * ''

Penstemon davidsonii ''Penstemon davidsonii'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Davidson's penstemon, honoring Dr. George Davidson. It is native to North America from the Sierra Nevada Range in California and Nevada through the Coast and Cascade r ...

'' Greene – Davidson's penstemon, timberline penstemon ** ''Penstemon davidsonii'' var. ''davidsonii'' – Davidson's penstemon ** ''Penstemon davidsonii'' var. ''menziesii'' – Menzies' penstemon ** ''Penstemon davidsonii'' var. ''praeteritus'' – timberline penstemon * ''

Penstemon deamii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' Pennell – Deam's beardtongue * '' Penstemon deaveri'' Crosswhite – Mt. Graham beardtongue * '' Penstemon debilis'' O'Kane & J. Anderson – Parachute beardtongue * ''

Penstemon degeneri ''Penstemon degeneri'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name Degener's beardtongue. It is endemic to Colorado in the United States, where it occurs in and around the Arkansas River Canyon in Fremont, C ...

'' Crosswhite – Degener's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon deustus ''Penstemon deustus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names hotrock penstemon and scabland penstemon. It is native to much of the northwestern United States from the Pacific Northwest to Wyoming, where it grows in many types of fore ...

'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – scabland penstemon * ''

Penstemon digitalis ''Penstemon digitalis'' (known by the common names foxglove beard-tongue,Dickinson, T.; Metsger, D.; Bull, J.; & Dickinson, R. (2004). ''ROM Field Guide to Wildflowers of Ontario.'' Toronto: Royal Ontario Museum, p. 332. foxglove beardtongue, ta ...

'' Nutt. ex Sims – talus slope penstemon, foxglove beardtongue * ''

Penstemon diphyllus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Rydb. – twoleaf beardtongue * ''

Penstemon discolor ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Keck – Catalina beardtongue * '' Penstemon dissectus'' Ell. – dissected beardtongue * '' Penstemon distans'' N. Holmgren – Mt. Tumbull beardtongue * ''

Penstemon dolius ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' M.E. Jones ex Pennell – Jones's penstemon, Jones' beardtongue * ''

Penstemon dubius ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' A. Davids. (pro sp.) – dubius penstemon * '' Penstemon eatonii'' Gray – Eaton penstemon, Eaton's penstemon, firecracker penstemon * ''

Penstemon elegantulus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell – rockvine penstemon * ''

Penstemon ellipticus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Coult. & Fisher – rocky ledge penstemon * '' Penstemon eriantherus'' Pursh – fuzzytongue penstemon * ''

Penstemon euglaucus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' English – glaucous beardtongue * '' Penstemon eximius'' Keck – unusual beardtongue * ''

Penstemon fendleri ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Torr. & Gray – fendler penstemon, Fendler's beardtongue, Fendler's penstemon * ''

Penstemon filiformis ''Penstemon filiformis'' is an uncommon species of penstemon known by the common name threadleaf beardtongue. It is endemic to the Klamath Mountains of northern California, where it grows in forest and woodland, often on serpentine soils. It is a ...

'' (Keck) – Keck threadleaf beardtongue * ''

Penstemon flavescens ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell – high mountain penstemon * ''

Penstemon floribundus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' D. Danley – Cordillia's beardtongue, Cordillia's penstemon * ''

Penstemon floridus ''Penstemon floridus '' is a species of flowering plant in the Plantaginaceae, plantain family known by the common names Panamint beardtongue and rose penstemon. It is native to the lower mountain and plateau areas of the Mojave Desert, within e ...

'' Brandeg. – Panamint beardtongue, Panamint penstemon * ''

Penstemon flowersii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Neese & Welsh – Flowers' beardtongue * '' Penstemon franklinii'' Welsh – Franklin's penstemon * ''

Penstemon fremontii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Torr. & Gray ex Gray – Fremont penstemon, Fremont's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon fruticiformis ''Penstemon fruticiformis'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Death Valley beardtongue. It is native to the western United States, where it is found growing in rocky scrub, woodlands, deserts and mountains of eastern California ...

'' Coville – Death Valley beardtongue, Death Valley penstemon * ''

Penstemon fruticosus ''Penstemon fruticosus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names bush penstemon or shrubby penstemon. It is native to the Pacific Northwest of North America from Oregon to British Columbia, and east to the Rocky Mountains of Wyoming, ...

'' (Pursh) – Greene bush penstemon * ''

Penstemon gairdneri ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Hook. – Gairdner's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon gibbensii ''Penstemon gibbensii'' is a species of flowering plant in the Plantaginaceae, plantain family known by the common name Gibbens' beardtongue. It is native to the western United States, where it occurs in Wyoming, Colorado, and Utah.

'' Dorn – Gibbens' beardtongue * ''

Penstemon glaber ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pursh – sawsepal penstemon, western smooth beardtongue * ''

Penstemon glandulosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Dougl. – stickystem penstemon * ''

Penstemon glaucinus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – blueleaf beardtongue * ''

Penstemon globosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' (Piper) Pennell & Keck – globe penstemon * ''

Penstemon goodrichii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' N. Holmgren – Lapoint beardtongue * ''

Penstemon gormanii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' Greene – Gorman's beardtongue * '' Penstemon gracilentus'' Gray – slender penstemon * '' Penstemon gracilis'' Nutt. – lilac penstemon, slender penstemon * ''

Penstemon grahamii ''Penstemon grahamii'', known by the common names Uinta Basin beardtongue and Graham's beardtongue, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family. It is native to Utah and Colorado in the United States.Penstemon grandiflorus ''Penstemon grandiflorus'', the large-flowered beardtongue or large beardtongue, is a perennial flowering plant endemic to the United States. It is sometimes called ''Penstemon bradburyi''. The Lakota name for this plant is kimi'milia tawana'hc ...

'' Nutt. – large beardtongue, largeflowered penstemon * '' Penstemon griffinii'' A. Nels. – Griffin's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon grinnellii ''Penstemon grinnellii'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Grinnell's beardtongue. It is endemic to California, where it can be found in several mountain ranges from those around the San Francisco Bay Area to the Sierra Nevada t ...

'' Eastw. – Grinnell's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon guadalupensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Heller – Guadalupe beardtongue * ''

Penstemon hallii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Gray – Hall's beardtongue * '' Penstemon harbourii'' Gray – Harbour's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon harringtoni ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Penl. * ''

Penstemon harringtonii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of floweri ...

'' Penl. – Harrington's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon hartwegii ''Penstemon hartwegii'', common name Hartweg's beardtongue, is a species of flowering perennial herb in the plantain family. Description ''Penstemon hartwegii'' can reach a height of . This bushy semi-evergreen plant has simple, narrow, fleshy ...

'' Benth. – Hartweg's beardtongue * '' Penstemon harvardii'' Gray * ''

Penstemon havardii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Gray – Big Bend beardtongue * '' Penstemon haydenii'' S. Wats. – blowout beardtongue, blowout penstemon * '' Penstemon heterodoxus'' Gray – Sierra beardtongue, Sierra penstemon * ''

Penstemon heterophyllus ''Penstemon heterophyllus'' is a species of '' penstemon'' known by the common names bunchleaf penstemon, foothill penstemon, and foothill beardtongue. It is endemic to California. The plant can be found in all of the major coastal mountain ranges ...

'' Lindl. – bunchleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon hirsutus ''Penstemon hirsutus'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name hairy beard-tongue.Dickinson, T.; Metsger, D.; Bull, J.; & Dickinson, R. (2004) ROM Field Guide to Wildflowers of Ontario. Toronto:Royal Ontar ...

'' (L.) Willd. – hairy beardtongue * ''

Penstemon humilis ''Penstemon humilis'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names low beardtongue Penstemon idahoensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Atwood & Welsh – Idaho beardtongue * ''

Penstemon immanifestus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' N. Holmgren – Steptoe Valley beardtongue, Steptoe Valley penstemon * ''

Penstemon incertus ''Penstemon incertus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Mojave beardtongue. It is endemic to California, where it can be found in many of the southeastern mountain ranges, including the southern reaches of the Sierra Nevada, the ...

'' Brandeg. – Mojave beardtongue * ''

Penstemon inflatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Crosswhite – inflated beardtongue * ''

Penstemon jamesii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Benth. – James penstemon, James' beardtongue * ''

Penstemon janishiae ''Penstemon janishiae'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names Antelope Valley beardtongue and Janish's beardtongue. It is native to the northwestern United States in sections of Idaho, Oregon, Nevada and northwestern California, wh ...

'' N. Holmgren – Antelope Valley beardtongue, Janish's penstemon * ''

Penstemon jonesi ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell * '' Penstemon jonesii'' Pennell (pro sp.) – Jones' penstemon * ''

Penstemon kingii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' S. Wats. – King's beardtongue, King's penstemon * '' Penstemon labrosus'' (Gray) Hook. f. – San Gabriel beardtongue * ''

Penstemon laetus ''Penstemon laetus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names mountain blue penstemon and gay penstemon. It is native to the inland mountains of Oregon and California, where its distribution extends from the Klamath Mountains through t ...

'' Gray – mountain blue penstemon * ''

Penstemon laevigatus ''Penstemon laevigatus'', the eastern smooth beardtongue, is a plant in the plantain family, Plantaginaceae. The flowers are borne in summer. Its native range includes much of the Eastern United States, from Maine to Michigan and Georgia to Miss ...

'' Ait. – eastern smooth beardtongue * ''

Penstemon laevis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell – southwestern beardtongue, southwestern penstemon * '' Penstemon laricifolius'' Hook. & Arn. – larchleaf beardtongue * '' Penstemon laxiflorus'' Pennell – nodding beardtongue * ''

Penstemon laxus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' A. Nels. – tufted penstemon * ''

Penstemon leiophyllus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – smoothleaf beardtongue, smoothleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon lemhiensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' (Keck) Keck & Cronq. – Lemhi penstemon * '' Penstemon lentus'' Pennell – handsome beardtongue, handsome penstemon * ''

Penstemon leonardii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Rydb. – Leonard's beardtongue, Leonard's penstemon * ''

Penstemon leptanthus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell – Sevier Plateau beardtongue * ''

Penstemon linarioides ''Penstemon linarioides'' is a plant species in the genus ''Penstemon ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North ...

'' Gray – creeping penstemon, toadflax penstemon * '' Penstemon longiflorus'' (Pennell) S.L. Clark – longflower penstemon * ''

Penstemon lyallii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' (Gray) Gray – Lyall's beardtongue * '' Penstemon marcusii'' (Keck) N. Holmgren – Marcus' beardtongue * ''

Penstemon mensarum ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – tiger beardtongue * ''

Penstemon metcalfei ''Penstemon metcalfei'' is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common name Metcalfe's beardtongue. It is endemic to New Mexico in the United States, where it occurs in the Black Range Black is a color which resu ...

'' – Metcalfe's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon mirus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' A. Nels. (pro sp.) – bush penstemon, penstemon * ''

Penstemon miser ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Gray – Malheur penstemon * ''

Penstemon moffatii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Eastw. – Moffatt's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon monoensis ''Penstemon monoensis'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Mono penstemon. It is endemic to the White and Inyo Mountains of eastern California, where it grows in scrub, woodland, and sandy washes. It is a perennial herb growing e ...

'' Heller – Mono penstemon * ''

Penstemon montanus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Greene – cordroot beardtongue * '' Penstemon moriahensis'' N. Holmgren – Mount Moriah penstemon, Mt. Moriah beardtongue * ''

Penstemon multiflorus ''Penstemon multiflorus'' is a species of flowering plant in the family Plantaginaceae. It is native to the United States The United States of America (U.S.A. or USA), commonly known as the United States (U.S. or US) or America, is a cou ...

'' Chapman ex Benth. – manyflower beardtongue * '' Penstemon murcronatus'' N. Holmgr. * '' Penstemon murrayanus'' Hook. – scarlet beardtongue * ''

Penstemon nanus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Keck – dwarf beardtongue * '' Penstemon navajoa'' N. Holmgren – Navajo Mountain beardtongue * '' Penstemon neomexicanus'' Woot. & Standl. – New Mexico beardtongue * ''

Penstemon neotericus ''Penstemon neotericus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Plumas County beardtongue. It is endemic to California, where it is known from the northern Sierra Nevada and adjacent southern peaks of the Cascade Range. It grows in fo ...

'' Keck – Plumas County beardtongue Mountain Pride, Penstemon newberryi, YOSEMITE

* ''

Penstemon newberryi ''Penstemon newberryi'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name mountain pride or Newberry's penstemon. It is native to the mountains of northern California, Oregon, and Nevada, where it grows in rocky habitat, often at high elevation ...

'' Gray – mountain pride, pride-of-the-mountains * ''

Penstemon nitidus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Dougl. ex Benth. – waxleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon nudiflorus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Gray – Flagstaff beardtongue * '' Penstemon oklahomensis'' Pennell – Oklahoma beardtongue, Oklahoma penstemon * ''

Penstemon oliganthus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Woot. & Standl. – Apache beardtongue * ''

Penstemon ophianthus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell – Arizona beardtongue, coiled anther penstemon * '' Penstemon osterhoutii'' Pennell – Osterhout's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon ovatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Dougl. ex Hook. – eggleaf beardtongue * '' Penstemon pachyphyllus'' Gray ex Rydb. – thickleaf beardtongue, thickleaf penstemon * ''

Penstemon pahutensis ''Penstemon pahutensis'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Pahute Mesa beardtongue, or simply Pahute beardtongue. It is native to the desert hills and mountains of southern Nevada, including the Pahute Mesa for which it is named ...

'' N. Holmgren – Pahute penstemon, Paiute beardtongue * ''

Penstemon pallidus ''Penstemon pallidus'', the pale beardtongue, is a flower native to the eastern United States. It has been introduced to Canada Canada is a country in North America. Its ten provinces and three territories extend from the Atlantic Oce ...

'' Small – pale beardtongue * ''

Penstemon palmeri ''Penstemon palmeri'', known by the common name Palmer's penstemon, is a species of perennial flowering plant in the genus ''Penstemon'' that is notable for its showy, rounded flowers, and for being one of the few scented penstemons. The plant, i ...

'' Gray – Palmer's penstemon, Palmer penstemon * ''

Penstemon papillatus ''Penstemon papillatus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Inyo beardtongue. The plant is endemic to California, where it is known only from the eastern Sierra Nevada and slopes to the east. It grows in rocky woodland and fores ...

'' J.T. Howell – Inyo beardtongue * '' Penstemon parishii'' Gray (pro sp.) – Parish's penstemon * ''

Penstemon parryi ''Penstemon parryi'', the Parry's penstemon, Parry's beardtongue or desert penstemon, is a wildflower native to the Sonoran Desert of Southern Arizona and northern Mexico. It is a perennial that blooms in March and April. In the wild, plants fl ...

'' (Gray) – Gray Parry penstemon, Parry's beardtongue * '' Penstemon parviflorus'' Pennell – Montezuma County beardtongue * ''

Penstemon parvus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell – Aquarius Plateau beardtongue * ''

Penstemon patens ''Penstemon patens'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Lone Pine beardtongue. It is native to the central Sierra Nevada of California and slopes and plateau to the east, its distribution extending just into Nevada. It grows in ...

'' (M.E. Jones) N. Holmgren – Lone Pine beardtongue, Lone Pine penstemon * ''

Penstemon payettensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' A. Nels. & J.F. Macbr. – Payette beardtongue * ''

Penstemon paysoniorum ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Keck – Payson's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon peckii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell – Peck's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon peirsonii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Munz & I.M. Johnston (pro sp.) – Peirson's penstemon * ''

Penstemon penlandii ''Penstemon penlandii'' is a rare species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names Penland penstemon and Penland's beardtongue. It is endemic to Colorado in the United States, where it is known only from a strip of land ...

'' W.A. Weber – penland beardtongue, Penland's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon pennellianus ''Penstemon pennellianus'', often called the Blue Mountain beardtongue or Blue Mountain penstemon, is a species of beardtongue native to Washington and Oregon. Description The Blue Mountain penstemon is a medium-sized perennial flower that gr ...

'' Keck – Blue Mountain beardtongue * '' Penstemon perpulcher'' A. Nels. – Minidoka beardtongue * ''

Penstemon personatus ''Penstemon personatus'' is an uncommon species of penstemon known by the common name closethroat beardtongue. Description ''Penstemon personatus'' is a perennial herb producing mostly hairless, waxy stems up to about 50 centimeters tall. The l ...

'' Keck – closethroat beardtongue * ''

Penstemon petiolatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Brandeg. – lime penstemon, petiolate beardtongue * '' Penstemon pinifolius'' Greene – pineneedle beardtongue, pineneedle penstemon * '' Penstemon pinorum'' L.& J. Shultz – Pine Valley penstemon * ''

Penstemon platyphyllus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Rydb. – broadleaf beardtongue, broadleaf penstemon * '' Penstemon pratensis'' Greene western – whiteflower beardtongue, western whiteflower penstemon * '' Penstemon procerus'' Dougl. ex Graham – littleflower penstemon, pincushion beardtongue * ''

Penstemon pruinosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – Chelan beardtongue * ''

Penstemon pseudoparvus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Crosswhite – Mt. Washington beardtongue, San Mateo penstemon * '' Penstemon pseudoputus'' (Crosswhite) N. Holmgren – Kaibab Plateau beardtongue * ''

Penstemon pseudospectabilis ''Penstemon pseudospectabilis'' (desert beardtongue, or desert penstemon) a species of penstemon. It's native to the southwestern United States, where it grows in desert and plateau habitat types, such as sandy washes, scrub, and woodland. The ...

'' M.E. Jones – desert penstemon * ''

Penstemon pudicus ''Penstemon pudicus'' is a rare species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names bashful beardtongue and Kawich Range beardtongue. It is endemic to Nevada in the United States, where it is known only from the Kawich Ran ...

'' Reveal & Beatley – bashful penstemon, Kawich Range beardtongue * ''

Penstemon pumilus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Nutt. – Salmon River beardtongue * ''

Penstemon purpusii ''Penstemon purpusii'' is an uncommon species of penstemon known by the common name Snow Mountain beardtongue. It is endemic to northern California, where it is known only from the Klamath Mountains and northern peaks of the North Coast Ranges. I ...

'' Brandeg. – Snow Mountain beardtongue * '' Penstemon putus'' A. Nels. – Black River beardtongue * ''

Penstemon radicosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' A. Nels. – matroot penstemon * '' Penstemon ramosus'' Crosswhite – lanceleaf beardtongue, lanceleaf penstemon * '' Penstemon rattanii'' Gray – Rattan's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon retrorsus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Payson ex Pennell – Adobe Hills beardtongue * ''

Penstemon retrosus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Payson ex Pennell * ''

Penstemon rhizomatosus ''Penstemon rhizomatosus'' is a rare species of flowering plant in the plantain family known by the common names Scheel Creek beardtongue and rhizome beardtongue. It is endemic to Nevada in the United States, where it occurs only in the Schell C ...

'' N. Holmgren * '' Penstemon richardsonii'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – cutleaf beardtongue * ''

Penstemon roezlii ''Penstemon roezlii'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name Roezl's penstemon. It is native to Oregon, western Nevada, and adjacent sections of northern California, including the Klamath Mountains and Sierra Nevada (U.S.), Sierra Nev ...

'' Regel – Roezl's penstemon * ''

Penstemon rostriflorus ''Penstemon rostriflorus'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names beaked penstemon, Bridge penstemon, or Bridges' penstemon. It is native to the Southwestern United States and California, where it grows in many types of sagebrush, ...

'' Kellogg – beaked beardtongue, beakflower penstemon, Bridge penstemon * ''

Penstemon rubicundus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Keck – Wassuck penstemon, Wassuk Range beardtongue * ''

Penstemon rupicola ''Penstemon rupicola'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names cliff beardtongue or rock penstemon. It is native to the west coast of the United States from Washington to the Klamath Mountains of far northern California, where it grow ...

'' (Piper) T.J. Howell – cliff beardtongue * ''

Penstemon rydbergii ''Penstemon rydbergii'', commonly known as Rydberg's penstemon or meadow penstemon, is a perennial plant in the plantain family (Plantaginaceae) that grows in damp, grassy meadows of the Great Basin The Great Basin is the largest area of cont ...

'' A. Nels. – meadow beardtongue, Rydberg penstemon, Rydberg's penstemon * '' Penstemon saxosorum'' Pennell – upland beardtongue * '' Penstemon scapoides'' Keck – pinyon beardtongue * '' Penstemon scariosus'' Pennell – White River beardtongue * '' Penstemon secundiflorus'' Benth. – sidebells penstemon * ''

Penstemon seorsus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' (A. Nels.) Keck – shortlobe penstemon * ''

Penstemon sepalulus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' A. Nels. – littlecup beardtongue * '' Penstemon serrulatus'' Menzies ex Sm. – serrulate penstemon * ''

Penstemon smallii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Heller – Small's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon spatulatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Pennell – Wallowa beardtongue * '' Penstemon speciosus'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – prairie-clover, royal penstemon * ''

Penstemon spectabilis ''Penstemon spectabilis'' is a species of penstemon known by the common name showy penstemon or showy beardtongue. It is native to southern California and Baja California, where it grows in the chaparral, scrub, and woodlands of the coastal mou ...

'' Thurb. ex Gray – showy penstemon * ''

Penstemon stenophyllus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' (Gray) T.J. Howell – Sonoran beardtongue * ''

Penstemon stephensii ''Penstemon stephensii'' is an uncommon species of penstemon known by the common name Stephens' beardtongue, or Stephens' penstemon. It is endemic to California, where it is known only from the mountains of the Mojave Desert region. It grows in s ...

'' Brandeg. – Stephens' penstemon * '' Penstemon strictiformis'' Rydb. – Mancos penstemon, stiff penstemon * ''

Penstemon strictus ''Penstemon strictus'', the Rocky Mountain penstemon, is a penstemon (common name beardtongue) with showy blue flowers. Description This species is a Herbaceous plant, herbaceous perennial plant, perennial with a few stems rising nearly straigh ...

'' Benth. – Rocky Mountain beardtongue, Rocky Mountain penstemon * ''

Penstemon subglaber ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic realm, Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropical realm, Neotropics. I ...

'' Rydb. – smooth penstemon * '' Penstemon subserratus'' Pennell – finetooth beardtongue * ''

Penstemon subulatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' M.E. Jones – hackberry beardtongue * '' Penstemon sudans'' M.E. Jones – Susanville beardtongue, Susanville penstemon * '' Penstemon superbus'' A. Nels. – superb beardtongue * ''

Penstemon tenuiflorus ''Penstemon tenuiflorus'', commonly known as eastern whiteflower beardtongue, is a species of flowering plant in the plantain family. It is native only to a small area of the Southeastern United States, in the southern Interior Low Plateau The ...

'' Pennell – eastern whiteflower beardtongue * ''

Penstemon tenuis ''Penstemon tenuis'' is a species of flowering plant in the Plantaginaceae, plantain family known by the common name sharpsepal beardtongue. It is Endemism, endemic to Texas, Louisiana, Mississippi, and Arkansas in the United States where it is f ...

'' Small – sharpsepal beardtongue * '' Penstemon teucrioides'' Greene – germander beardtongue * ''

Penstemon thompsoniae ''Penstemon thompsoniae'', Thompson's beardtongue, is a low perennial plant endemic to the southwestern United States, where it grows in dry shrublands, woodlands and forests. It is considered a species of conservation concern in California. Tax ...

'' (Gray) Rydb. – Thompson's penstemon, Thompson's beardtongue, Thompson penstemon * ''

Penstemon thurberi ''Penstemon thurberi'' is a species of penstemon known by the common names Thurber's beardtongue and Thurber's penstemon. It is native to the southwestern United States and northern Mexico, where it grows in many types of desert and mountain habi ...

'' Torr. – Thurber's penstemon, Thurber penstemon * ''

Penstemon tidestromii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell – Tidestrom's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon tiehmii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' N. Holmgren – Tiehm's beardtongue * '' Penstemon tracyi'' Keck – Trinity penstemon * '' Penstemon triflorus'' Heller – Heller's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon triphyllus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowerin ...

'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – Riggin's penstemon * ''

Penstemon tubaeflorus ''Penstemon tubaeflorus'', common name white wand beardtongue, is a species of ''Penstemon ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species a ...

'' Nutt. – white wand beardtongue * ''

Penstemon tusharensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' N. Holmgren – Tushar Range beardtongue * ''

Penstemon uintahensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Pennell – Uinta Mountain beardtongue * ''

Penstemon unilateralis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Rydb. – oneside penstemon * '' Penstemon utahensis'' Eastw. – Utah penstemon * '' Penstemon venustus'' Dougl. ex Lindl. – Venus penstemon * '' Penstemon virens'' Pennell ex Rydb. – Front Range beardtongue * ''

Penstemon virgatus ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Gray – upright blue beardtongue * ''

Penstemon wardii ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Gray – Ward's beardtongue * ''

Penstemon washingtonensis ''Penstemon'' , the beardtongues, is a large genus of roughly 250 species of flowering plants native mostly to the Nearctic, but with a few species also found in the North American portion of the Neotropics. It is the largest genus of flowering ...

'' Keck – Washington beardtongue * '' Penstemon watsonii'' Gray – Watson's penstemon, Watson's beardtongue, Watson penstemon * '' Penstemon wendtiorum'' B.L.TurnerTurner, B. L. (2010)
Taxonomy of the ''Penstemon campanulatus'' complex (Scrophulariaceae) and description of a new species from its midst.
''Phytoneuron'' 31 1–5. * '' Penstemon whippleanus'' Gray – dark beardtongue, Whipple's penstemon * '' Penstemon wilcoxii'' Rydb. – Wilcox's penstemon * '' Penstemon wrightii'' Hook. – Wright's beardtongue * '' Penstemon yampaensis'' Penl. – Yampa beardtongue

References

External links

American Penstemon Society
{{Taxonbar, from=Q809265 Medicinal plants Plantaginaceae genera