Pemmo (or Penno) was the
Duke of Friuli
The dukes and margraves of Friuli were the rulers of the Duchy and March of Friuli in the Middle Ages.
The dates given below, when contentious, are discussed in the articles of the respective dukes.
Lombard dukes
* 568–c.584 Grasulf I
* 5 ...
for twenty-six years, from about 705 to his death. He was the son of Billo of
Belluno
Belluno (; lld, Belum; vec, Belùn) is a town and province in the Veneto region of northern Italy. Located about north of Venice, Belluno is the capital of the province of Belluno and the most important city in the Eastern Dolomites region ...
.
Pemmo came to the duchy at a time when a recent civil war had ravaged the land. Pemmo raised all the children of the many nobles killed in the war in his own household next to his own sons. He also waged three wars with the
Slavs
Slavs are the largest European ethnolinguistic group. They speak the various Slavic languages, belonging to the larger Balto-Slavic branch of the Indo-European languages. Slavs are geographically distributed throughout northern Eurasia, main ...
of
Carinthia
Carinthia (german: Kärnten ; sl, Koroška ) is the southernmost States of Austria, Austrian state, in the Eastern Alps, and is noted for its mountains and lakes. The main language is German language, German. Its regional dialects belong to t ...
. He defeated them so utterly the third time, that they entered into a peace treaty.
Pemmo also quarrelled with
Callistus, Patriarch of Aquileia. The patriarch was at odds with the bishop of
Cividale
Cividale del Friuli ( fur, Cividât (locally ); german: Östrich; sl, Čedad) is a town and ''comune'' in the Province of Udine, part of the Northern Italy, North-Italian Friuli Venezia Giulia ''regione''. The town lies above sea-level in the foo ...
and removed him. Pemmo, in response, arrested the patriarch. For this,
King Liutprand
Liutprand was the king of the Lombards from 712 to 744 and is chiefly remembered for his multiple phases of law-giving, in fifteen separate sessions from 713 to 735 inclusive, and his long reign, which brought him into a series of conflicts, mos ...
descended on Friuli and appointed
Ratchis
RatchisAlso spelled ''Rachis'', ''Raditschs'', ''Radics'', ''Radiks''. (died after 757) was the Duke of Friuli (739–744) and then King of the Lombards (744–749).
Ratchis was the son of Duke Pemmo of Friuli and the nephew of the Lombard kin ...
, Pemmo's son, in his place. Pemmo fled with his followers, but his son secured his pardon. Pemmo left two other sons by Ratperga:
Information about Pemmo and Ratperga
Ratchait and Aistulf
Aistulf (also Ahistulf, Aistulfus, Haistulfus, Astolf etc.; it, Astolfo; died December 756) was the Duke of Friuli from 744, King of the Lombards from 749, and Duke of Spoleto from 751. His reign was characterized by ruthless and ambitious ef ...
, who became king.
Notes
Sources
*Paul the Deacon
Paul the Deacon ( 720s 13 April in 796, 797, 798, or 799 AD), also known as ''Paulus Diaconus'', ''Warnefridus'', ''Barnefridus'', or ''Winfridus'', and sometimes suffixed ''Cassinensis'' (''i.e.'' "of Monte Cassino"), was a Benedictine monk, s ...
''Historia Langobardorum''
Dukes of Friuli
Lombard warriors
8th-century Lombard people
8th-century rulers in Europe
7th-century births
739 deaths
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