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Pellegrino II ( la, Peregrinus, german: Pilgrim; died 1204) was
Pellegrino II ( la, Peregrinus, german: Pilgrim; died 1204) was Patriarch of Aquileia
The highest-ranking bishops in Eastern Orthodoxy, Oriental Orthodoxy, the Catholic Church (above major archbishop and primate (bishop), primate), the Hussite Church, Church of the East, and some Independent Catholicism, Independent Catholic Chur ...
in northern Italy from 1195 to 1204.
Origins
Pellegrino was born inCividale del Friuli
Cividale del Friuli ( fur, Cividât (locally ); german: Östrich; sl, Čedad) is a town and ''comune'' in the Province of Udine, part of the North-Italian Friuli Venezia Giulia ''regione''. The town lies above sea-level in the foothills of the e ...
to the Ortenburg-Sponheim family, son of Engelbert III, Margrave of Istria Engelbert III (died 6 October 1173), a member of the Rhenish Franconian House of Sponheim, was March of Istria, Margrave of Istria from 1124 until his death.
Life
Engelbert was the second son of Margrave Engelbert II of Istria, Engelbert II and ...
(1124-1173).
His nephew was Ulrich II, Duke of Carinthia
Ulrich II (r. 1181 – 10 August 1202), a member of the House of Sponheim, was Duke of Carinthia from 1181 until his death. He was one of the noble Germans who took part in the Crusade of 1197.
Life
Ulrich II was the eldest son of Duke Herman of C ...
(1181-1202).
He became prior of Cividale, then archdeacon of Aquileia.
Pellegrino succeeded Godfrey Godfrey may refer to:
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* Godfrey (name), a given name and surname
* Godfrey (comedian), American comedian, actor
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* Godfrey, Georgia, an unincorporated community
* Godfrey, Illinois, a village
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as Patriarch of Aquileia in 1195.
Patriarch
During Pellegrino's patriarchy there were constant wars againstGorizia
Gorizia (; sl, Gorica , colloquially 'old Gorizia' to distinguish it from Nova Gorica; fur, label= Standard Friulian, Gurize, fur, label= Southeastern Friulian, Guriza; vec, label= Bisiacco, Gorisia; german: Görz ; obsolete English ''Gorit ...
, Treviso
Treviso ( , ; vec, Trevixo) is a city and ''comune'' in the Veneto region of northern Italy. It is the capital of the province of Treviso and the municipality has 84,669 inhabitants (as of September 2017). Some 3,000 live within the Veneti ...
and Ezzelino II da Romano
Ezzelino II da Romano, also known as Ezzelino il Monaco ("Ezzelino the Monk"; died 1235) was an Italian nobleman of the Ezzelini family, who was lord of Onara (until 1199), Romano, Bassano and Godego.
Biography
The son of Ezzelino I, in 1182 ...
.
Pellegrino remained neutral when war broke out in 1198 between the Ghibelline Philip of Swabia
Philip of Swabia (February/March 1177 – 21 June 1208) was a member of the House of Hohenstaufen and King of Germany from 1198 until his assassination.
The death of his older brother Emperor Henry VI in 1197 meant that the Hohenstaufen rule (whi ...
, King of Germany and son of Frederick I, Holy Roman Emperor
Frederick Barbarossa (December 1122 – 10 June 1190), also known as Frederick I (german: link=no, Friedrich I, it, Federico I), was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1155 until his death 35 years later. He was elected King of Germany in Frankfurt on ...
, and the Guelph rebel Otto, Duke of Brunswick
Otto IV (1175 – 19 May 1218) was the Holy Roman Emperor from 1209 until his death in 1218.
Otto spent most of his early life in England and France. He was a follower of his uncle Richard the Lionheart, who made him Count of Poitou in 1196 ...
.
He continued his war against Treviso, laying siege to Pordenone
Pordenone (; Venetian and fur, Pordenon) is the main ''comune'' of Pordenone province of northeast Italy in the Friuli Venezia Giulia region.
The name comes from Latin ''Portus Naonis'', meaning 'port on the Noncello (Latin ''Naon'') River'.
...
, but was defeated in 1201 by the League at Tagliamento
The Tagliamento () is a braided river in north-east Italy, flowing from the Alps to the Adriatic Sea at a point between Trieste and Venice.
The Tagliamento river is considered as the last morphologically intact river in the Alps. (Its ...
.
Pellegrino was forced to seek an alliance with Venice.
As part of the price, at a conference in San Quirino
San Quirino ( fur, San Quarìn) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Province of Pordenone in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about northwest of Trieste and about northeast of Pordenone.
San Quirino borders the following mu ...
at Cormons
Cormons or Cormòns ( sl, Krmin, german: Kremaun) is a ''comune'' (municipality) in the Italian region Friuli-Venezia Giulia, located about northwest of Trieste and about west of Gorizia, on the border with Slovenia.
Cormons borders the f ...
in 1202 the counts of Gorizia were given full independence of Aquileia.
Towards the end of his reign Pellegrino dedicated a silver relief Altarpiece of Pellegrino II
The altarpiece of Pellegrino II is a medieval altarpiece in the cathedral of Cividale, Italy. The silver relief was endowed by Pellegrino II, the patriarch of Aquileia, around 1200 and adorns today the main altar of the church ''Santa Maria Assun ...
that today adorns the main altar of the church of Santa Maria Assunta in Cividale.
It is unusual in showing an early example of typography, where letters were punched into the metal.
Pellegrino was succeeded by Wolfger von Erla
Wolfger von Erla, known in Italian as Volchero (c. 1140 – 23 January 1218), was the Bishop of Passau from 1191 until 1204 and Patriarch of Aquileia thereafter until his death.
He was renowned in his own time as a diplomat and peacemaker. He part ...
in 1204.
References
Citations Sources * * * {{DEFAULTSORT:Ortenburg-Sponheim, Pellegrino of 1204 deaths Pellegrino II Pellegrino II Austrian people of German descent Year of birth unknown