The Kumawa Mountains are a mountain range in Western New Guinea. The Kumawa Mountains are a coastal range located on the southwestern
Bomberai Peninsula
Bomberai Peninsula ( id, Semenanjung Bomberai), otherwise known as the Bird's Beak Peninsula ( id, Semenanjung Paruh Burung), is located in the Western New Guinea region, opposite to and to the south of the Bird's Head Peninsula. To the west lies ...
. They are in West Papua Province in the Indonesian portion of New Guinea.Diamond, Jared M. and Bishop, K. David. (2015). Avifaunas of the Kumawa and Fakfak Mountains, Indonesian New Guinea. ''Bulletin of the British Ornithologists' Club'', Volume 135, Issue 4, 2015, pp. 292--336.
Much of the range is composed of limestone. Rainwater eroding the limestone has created large areas of
karst
Karst is a topography formed from the dissolution of soluble rocks such as limestone, dolomite, and gypsum. It is characterized by underground drainage systems with sinkholes and caves. It has also been documented for more weathering-resistant ro ...
landscape, with caverns, sinkholes, and relatively few surface streams despite high rainfall.
The mountains have a humid tropical climate, with cooler temperatures and higher rainfall at higher elevations.
The mountains are covered in tropical rain forest. Typical lowland rain forest trees are ''
Alstonia scholaris
''Alstonia scholaris'', commonly called blackboard tree, Scholar Tree, Milkwood or devil's tree in English, is an evergreen tropical tree in the Dogbane Family (Apocynaceae). It is native to southern China, tropical Asia (mainly the Indian subcon ...
Spondias cytherea
''Spondias dulcis'' (Synonym (taxonomy), syn. ''Spondias cytherea''), known commonly as () in Sri Lanka or June plum, is a Tropics, tropical tree, with edible fruit containing a fibrous pit. In the English speaking Caribbean it is typically k ...
Anisoptera polyandra
''Anisoptera thurifera'' is a tree species in the family Dipterocarpaceae. This Asian species has been recorded from Bangladesh through to New Guinea; the IUCN has categorised it as Vulnerable.
Subspecies
The Catalogue of Life
The Catalogue ...
Octomeles sumatrana
''Octomeles'' is a monotypic genus of plant in family Tetramelaceae. The sole species is ''Octomeles sumatrana'', sometimes written ''O. sumatranum''.
''Octomeles sumatrana'', commonly called Benuang, or Ilimo, is found in Brunei, Indonesia, Ma ...
Podocarpus idenburgensis
''Podocarpus idenburgensis'' is a species of conifer in the family Podocarpaceae. It is a tree native to Papuasia (New Guinea, the Bismarck Archipelago, and the Solomon Islands) and Fiji.Spondias dulcis''. ''
Agathis labillardieri
''Agathis labillardieri'' is a species of conifer in the family Araucariaceae. It is known by the common name New Guinea kauri. It is native to the island of New Guinea, where it is found in both Papua New Guinea and the side belonging to Indones ...
'' and '' Araucaria cunninghamii'' grow in moister, non-karstic areas of the mountains and ''Araucaria cunninghamii'' grows on ridges.
A nature reserve, called Pegunungan Kumawa Nature Reserve or Kumawa Mountains Nature Reserve, protects a portion of the range. It has an area of 1881.5 km2.