Pedro de Toledo Osorio y Colonna or Pedro Álvarez de Toledo Osorio, 5th Marquess of Villafranca del Bierzo, (

Naples Naples (; it, Napoli ; nap, Napule ), from grc, Νεάπολις, Neápolis, lit=new city. is the regional capital of Campania and the third-largest city of Italy, after Rome and Milan, with a population of 909,048 within the city's adminis ...

, 6 September 1546 – 17 July 1627), Governor of the Duchy of Milan, 1616–1618, Prince of Montalbano, 2nd

Duke of Fernandina Duke of Fernandina is a hereditary title in the Spanish nobility, peerage of Spain. It was granted by King Philip II of Spain, Philip II to García Álvarez de Toledo, 4th Marquis of Villafranca, García Álvarez de Toledo y Osorio, Viceroy of S ...

was a Spanish-Italian nobleman and a

Grandee of Spain Grandee (; es, Grande de España, ) is an official aristocratic title conferred on some Spanish nobility. Holders of this dignity enjoyed similar privileges to those of the peerage of France during the , though in neither country did they ha ...

Pedro de Toledo Osorio, 5th Marquis of Villafranca

Biography

He was the son of

García de Toledo Osorio, 4th Marquess of Villafranca García or Garcia may refer to: People * García (surname) * Kings of Pamplona/Navarre ** García Íñiguez of Pamplona, king of Pamplona 851/2–882 ** García Sánchez I of Pamplona, king of Pamplona 931–970 ** García Sánchez II of Pam ...

, and Vittoria Colonna di Paliano. His mother was the niece of

Vittoria Colonna Vittoria Colonna (April 149225 February 1547), marchioness of Pescara, was an Italian noblewoman and poet. As an educated, married noblewoman whose husband was in captivity, Colonna was able to develop relationships within the intellectual circl ...

. He was Commander in chief of an army in

, General of Cavalry of

Spain , image_flag = Bandera de España.svg , image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg , national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond") , national_anthem = (English: "Royal March") , i ...

in 1621. His success in

Milan Milan ( , , Lombard: ; it, Milano ) is a city in northern Italy, capital of Lombardy, and the second-most populous city proper in Italy after Rome. The city proper has a population of about 1.4 million, while its metropolitan city h ...

was awarded with the honorable

Grandeza de España Grandee (; es, Grande de España, ) is an official aristocratic title conferred on some Spanish nobility. Holders of this dignity enjoyed similar privileges to those of the peerage of France during the , though in neither country did they ha ...

title in 1623. In 1625 he participated in the successful Defense of Cadiz against the attacks from the Anglo-Dutch fleet under the command of Sir

Edward Cecil Edward Cecil, 1st Viscount Wimbledon (29 February 1572 – 16 November 1638) was an English military commander and a politician who sat in the House of Commons of England, House of Commons at various times between 1601 and 1624. Life Cecil was ...

. The expulsion of the Spanish

moriscos Moriscos (, ; pt, mouriscos ; Spanish for "Moorish") were former Muslims and their descendants whom the Roman Catholic church and the Spanish Crown commanded to convert to Christianity or face compulsory exile after Spain outlawed the open ...

since 1610 increased the Ottoman naval attacks in the West Mediterranean, especially when young

Ahmed I Ahmed I ( ota, احمد اول '; tr, I. Ahmed; 18 April 1590 – 22 November 1617) was Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1603 until his death in 1617. Ahmed's reign is noteworthy for marking the first breach in the Ottoman tradition of royal f ...

became Sultan. Pedro Alvarez set up an extensive defensive engineering program, with Italian engineers working in Italy, Spain and the Caribbean in America. On 7 June 1576 he married Elvira de Mendoza, daughter of Íñigo Lopez de Hurtado de Mendoza, III Marquess of Mondéjar, 4th count of

Tendilla Tendilla is a municipality located in the province of Guadalajara, Castile-La Mancha, Spain. According to the 2004 census (INE INE, Ine or ine may refer to: Institutions * Institut für Nukleare Entsorgung, a German nuclear research center * ...

Viceroy of Naples This is a list of viceroys of the Kingdom of Naples. Following the conquest of Naples by Louis XII of France in 1501, Naples was subject to the rule of the foreign rulers, the Kings of France, Aragon and Spain and the Habsburg Archdukes of Austria ...

, 1575–1579, a.k.a.

Iñigo López de Mendoza y Mendoza Íñigo López de Mendoza y Mendoza (1512 – Mondéjar, April 21, 1580), was a Spanish noble, military, diplomat and politician in the service of King Philip II of Spain. Biography He inherited from his father Luis Hurtado de Mendoza y Pacheco ...

(1512–1580), and Maria de Mendoza. They had four children. * Doña Victoria de Toledo, married Don Luis Ponce de León, 6th Marquess of Zahara * Don

García de Toledo Osorio, 6th Marquess of Villafranca García de Toledo Osorio or García Álvarez de Toledo Osorio, 6th Marquess of Villafranca, (25 April 1579 in Naples – 21 January 1649 in Madrid), Prince of Montalbano, 3rd Duke of Fernandina was a Spanish-Italian nobleman, military and a ...

, deceased at

Madrid Madrid ( , ) is the capital and most populous city of Spain. The city has almost 3.4 million inhabitants and a metropolitan area population of approximately 6.7 million. It is the second-largest city in the European Union (EU), and ...

, 1649 and

, notorious admiral fighting against the French and Moroccans. * Don

Fadrique de Toledo, 1st Marquess of Villanueva de Valdueza Fadrique may refer to: *Fadrique Alfonso, Lord of Haro (1334–1358), illegitimate son of King Alfonso XI of Castile *Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, 2nd Duke of Alba (c. 1460-1531), Spanish military leader and politician *Fadrique Álvarez de Toledo, ...

* Doña María de Toledo, a nun {{DEFAULTSORT:Alvarez de Toledo, Pedro 1546 births 1627 deaths

Pedro Pedro is a masculine given name. Pedro is the Spanish, Portuguese, and Galician name for ''Peter''. Its French equivalent is Pierre while its English and Germanic form is Peter. The counterpart patronymic surname of the name Pedro, meaning ...

102 102 may refer to: * 102 (number), the number * AD 102, a year in the 2nd century AD * 102 BC, a year in the 2nd century BC * 102 (ambulance service), an emergency medical transport service in Uttar Pradesh, India * 102 (Clyde) Field Squadron, Royal ...

Italian nobility Marquesses of Spain Spanish diplomats Spanish generals Spanish politicians Grandees of Spain