Pedro Henrique of Orléans-Braganza ( pt, Pedro Henrique Afonso Felipe Maria Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga de Orléans e Bragança; 13 September 1909 – 5 July 1981), nicknamed The Expected Prince ( pt, O Príncipe Esperando) was a son of
Prince Luis Maria of Brazil and
Princess Maria di Grazia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies
, image = Maria Pia de Bourbon, 1909 (2).jpg
, spouse = Prince Luís of Orléans-Braganza(m. 1908; died 1920)
, issue = Prince Pedro Henrique Prince Luiz Gastão Princess Pia Maria, Countess of Nicolay
, house = Bo ...
. He assumed the leadership of the
Imperial House of Brazil
The Brazilian Imperial Family (Brazilian Portuguese: ''Família Imperial Brasileira'') is a Brazilian Dynasty of Portuguese origin that ruled the Empire of Brazil from 1822 to 1889, after the proclamation of independence by Prince Pedro of Braga ...
between 1921 and 1981, after the death of his grandmother,
Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil
, house = Braganza
, father = Pedro II of Brazil
, mother = Teresa Cristina of the Two Sicilies
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Palace of São Cristóvão, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
, death_date =
, death_place = C ...
.
Early life in Europe
![Isabel conde dEu Luis Maria Pia filhos](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/c/c8/Isabel_conde_dEu_Luis_Maria_Pia_filhos.jpg)
He was born in 1909 in France at
Boulogne-sur-Seine
Boulogne-Billancourt (; often colloquially called simply Boulogne, until 1924 Boulogne-sur-Seine, ) is a wealthy and prestigious commune in the Parisian area, located from its centre. It is a subprefecture of the Hauts-de-Seine department and th ...
during the exile of the
Brazilian imperial family
The Brazilian Imperial Family (Brazilian Portuguese: ''Família Imperial Brasileira'') is a Brazilian Dynasty of Portuguese origin that ruled the Empire of Brazil from 1822 in Brazil, 1822 to 1889 in Brazil, 1889, after the proclamation of indepe ...
, which had been deposed in 1889. His father,
Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The ...
, was the second son of the heir to the defunct Brazilian throne, the
Princess Imperial Isabel, and
Prince Gaston, Count of Eu
Prince Gaston of Orleans, Count of Eu (french: link=no, Louis Philippe Marie Ferdinand Gaston; 28 April 1842 – 28 August 1922) was a French prince and military commander who fought in the Spanish-Moroccan War and the Paraguayan War. He was ...
. His mother was
Princess Maria Pia of Bourbon-Two Sicilies. The year before Pedro Henrique's birth, she recognized his father, Luiz, as the heir to the succession when Luiz's elder brother,
Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará
''Dom'' Pedro de Alcântara of Orléans-Braganza, Prince of Grão Pará (15 October 1875 – 29 January 1940) was the first-born son of ''Dona'' Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil and Prince Gaston of Orléans, Count of Eu, and as such, was b ...
, renounced his claim to the throne on behalf of himself and his descendants.
Thus, at birth Pedro Henrique became claimant to the title of
Prince of Grão-Pará
The Prince of Grão-Pará was the title bestowed on the eldest son of the Prince Imperial of Brazil. The title holder was the second in the line of succession to the throne of the Empire of Brazil, after the Prince Imperial. The title was establish ...
, according to Article 105 of the defunct
Constitution of 1824
The Federal Constitution of the United Mexican States of 1824 ( es, Constitución Federal de los Estados Unidos Mexicanos de 1824) was enacted on October 4 of 1824, after the overthrow of the Mexican Empire of Agustin de Iturbide. In the new Fr ...
. He was baptized in the chapel of the
Château d'Eu
The Château d'Eu is a former royal residence in the town of Eu, in the Seine-Maritime department of France, in Normandy.
The Château d'Eu stands at the centre of the town and was built in the 16th century to replace an earlier one purposely de ...
with the waters of the fountain taken from Largo da Carioca, in Rio de Janeiro. His godparents were his paternal grandmother, Princess Isabel of Brazil, and maternal grandfather
Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta
Prince Alfonso, Count of Caserta (28 March 1841 – 26 May 1934) was the third son of Ferdinand II of the Two Sicilies and Maria Theresa of Austria (1816-1867), Archduchess Maria Theresa of Austria.
He was pretender to the Kingdom of the Two Sicil ...
, Head of the royal house of the
Two Sicilies
The Kingdom of the Two Sicilies ( it, Regno delle Due Sicilie) was a kingdom in Southern Italy from 1816 to 1860. The kingdom was the largest sovereign state by population and size in Italy before Italian unification, comprising Sicily and a ...
. He and his family lived between the Eu castle and a palace in Boulogne-sur-Seine, both belonging to the Imperial Family. He was raised primarily by his paternal grandmother, and numerous preceptors educated him as future emperor of Brazil.
In 1920, his father died in
Cannes
Cannes ( , , ; oc, Canas) is a city located on the French Riviera. It is a communes of France, commune located in the Alpes-Maritimes departments of France, department, and host city of the annual Cannes Film Festival, Midem, and Cannes Lions I ...
of injuries acquired in the trenches of the
First World War
World War I (28 July 1914 11 November 1918), often abbreviated as WWI, was one of the deadliest global conflicts in history. Belligerents included much of Europe, the Russian Empire, the United States, and the Ottoman Empire, with fightin ...
. In the same year Brazil's banishment of the
Orléans-Braganzas was revoked by the then President
Epitácio Pessoa
Epitácio Lindolfo da Silva Pessoa (; 23 May 1865 – 13 February 1942) was a Brazilian politician and jurist who served as 11th president of Brazil between 1919 and 1922, when Rodrigues Alves was unable to take office due to illness, after bein ...
. Pedro Henrique accompanied Count d'Eu when he led part of the Imperial Family back to Brazil, without the aged and infirm Princess Isabel. Grandfather and grandson soon returned to Europe.
Upon the death of his father in 1920 Pedro Henrique became claimant to the title of Prince Imperial, but on 14 November 1921 Princess Isabel died at the Castle d'Eu. So, at age of 12 Prince Pedro Henrique became the head of the imperial family. Had he became emperor, his imperial name would be Dom Pedro III.
He continued living in France with his mother, Princess Maria Pia, where she thought he could get a better education with his siblings
Luiz Gastão and Pia Maria. Pedro Henrique was educated at the
Ecôle des Sciences Politiques in Paris. He was described by his grandmother as "a very intelligent child".
In 1925, at the age of 16, the Brazilian government ruled against his request to serve in the military.
Life in Brazil
Pedro de Alcântara died in 1940.
Pedro Henrique was only able to return to Brazil in 1945, when the
Second World War
World War II or the Second World War, often abbreviated as WWII or WW2, was a world war that lasted from 1939 to 1945. It involved the vast majority of the world's countries—including all of the great powers—forming two opposin ...
ended. He settled first in
Petrópolis
Petrópolis (; ), also known as The Imperial City, is a Municipalities of Brazil, municipality in the Southeast Region, Brazil, Southeast Region of Brazil. It is located in the state of Rio de Janeiro (state), Rio de Janeiro, northeast of the ci ...
, Rio de Janeiro, in the palace of the Grão-Pará, and then in the neighborhood of Retiro, also in Petrópolis. His cousin,
Prince Pedro Gastão of Orléans-Braganza
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The ...
, the eldest son of
Pedro de Alcântara, Prince of Grão-Pará
''Dom'' Pedro de Alcântara of Orléans-Braganza, Prince of Grão Pará (15 October 1875 – 29 January 1940) was the first-born son of ''Dona'' Isabel, Princess Imperial of Brazil and Prince Gaston of Orléans, Count of Eu, and as such, was b ...
, challenged Pedro Henrique's claim to the succession in 1946, on the basis that his father's renunciation had no legal force.
In 1951, D. Pedro Henrique bought a farm, Fazenda Santa Maria, in the town of
Jacarezinho, interior of Paraná. In 1965, he returned to Rio de Janeiro, settling in
Vassouras
Vassouras (, lit. 'Brooms') is a municipality located in the Brazilian state of Rio de Janeiro. Its population was 37,083 (2020) and its area is 552 km².IBGE /ref>
Vassouras is known for its colonial-era coffee farms and significant royal ...
, an important city in the days of Empire for coffee production. Pedro Henrique resided at a site called Santa Maria until the end of his life. He was active in the monarchist movement.
On his death in 1981, Pedro Henrique's claim to the throne passed to his eldest son,
Luiz Luiz is a Portuguese given name that is an alternative form of Luís. It's archaic in Portugal, but common in Brazil. Notable people referred to by this name include the following:
People
*Luiz Bonfá (1922-2001), Brazilian guitarist and composer
...
.
Marriage and children
![The Brazilian Imperial Family (1960)](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ed/The_Brazilian_Imperial_Family_%281960%29.jpg)
Pedro Henrique married
Princess Maria Elisabeth of Bavaria
, house = Wittelsbach
, father = Prince Franz of Bavaria
, mother = Princess Isabella Antonie of Croÿ
, birth_date =
, birth_place = Nymphenburg Palace, Munich, Kingdom of Bavaria, German Empire
, death_date =
, de ...
at
Nymphenburg Palace
The Nymphenburg Palace (german: Schloss Nymphenburg, Palace of the Nymphs) is a Baroque palace situated in Munich's western district Neuhausen-Nymphenburg, in Bavaria, southern Germany. Combined with the adjacent Nymphenburg Palace Park it consti ...
, Bavaria, on 19 August 1937. They had twelve children:
*
Prince Luiz of Orléans-Braganza
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. The ...
(6 June 1938 in
Mandelieu-la-Napoule
Mandelieu-la-Napoule (; oc, Mandaluec la Napola; locally spelled Mandelieu-La Napoule) is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. Located on the French Riviera, just to the s ...
- 15 July 2022 in São Paulo). Unmarried and without issue.
* Prince Eudes of Orléans-Braganza (8 June 1939 in
Mandelieu-la-Napoule
Mandelieu-la-Napoule (; oc, Mandaluec la Napola; locally spelled Mandelieu-La Napoule) is a commune in the Alpes-Maritimes department of the Provence-Alpes-Côte d'Azur region in Southeastern France. Located on the French Riviera, just to the s ...
- 13 August 2020 in Rio de Janeiro), renounced Imperial succession rights for himself and his descendants on 3 June 1966 and married, firstly, on 14 May 1967 in
São Paulo
São Paulo (, ; Portuguese for 'Saint Paul') is the most populous city in Brazil, and is the capital of the state of São Paulo, the most populous and wealthiest Brazilian state, located in the country's Southeast Region. Listed by the GaWC a ...
, Ana Maria de Cerqueira César Moraes de Barros (born 20 November 1945 in São Paulo), from whom he was divorced in 1976, having had two children. He remarried on 26 March 1976 in Rio de Janeiro, Mercedes Willemsens Neves da Rocha (born 26 January 1955 in Petrópolis), with whom he had more children.
*
Prince Bertrand of Orléans-Braganza
A prince is a male ruler (ranked below a king, grand prince, and grand duke) or a male member of a monarch's or former monarch's family. ''Prince'' is also a title of nobility (often highest), often hereditary, in some European states. Th ...
(born 2 February 1941 in Mandelieu-la-Napoule). Unmarried and without issue.
* Isabel Maria Josefa Henriqueta Francisca of Orléans-Braganza (4 April 1944 in
La Bourboule
La Bourboule (; Auvergnat: ''La Borbola'') is a commune in the Puy-de-Dôme department in Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes in central France.
Population
See also
*Communes of the Puy-de-Dôme department
The following is a list of the 464 Communes of Fra ...
– 5 November 2017 in Rio de Janeiro).
* Pedro de Alcântara Henrique Maria Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga of Orléans-Braganza (born 1 December 1945 in Petrópolis), renounced Imperial succession rights for himself and his descendants on 28 December 1972 and married on 4 July 1974 in Rio de Janeiro, Maria de Fátima Baptista de Oliveira Rocha (born 14 July 1952 in Rio de Janeiro), with whom he had children.
* Fernando Diniz Maria José Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga of Orléans-Braganza (born 2 February 1948 in Petrópolis), renounced Imperial succession rights for himself and his descendants on 24 February 1975 and married 19 March 1975 in Rio de Janeiro, Maria de Graça de Siqueira Carvalho Baere de Araújo (born 27 June 1952 in Rio de Janeiro), with whom he had children.
* Prince Antônio of Orléans-Braganza (born 24 June 1950 in Rio de Janeiro), married on 25 September 1981 in
Belœil,
Princess Christine de Ligne (born 11 August 1955 in Belœil), daughter of
Antoine, 13th Prince of Ligne
Antoine Maria Joachim Lamoral de Ligne, 13th Prince of Ligne, Prince of Épinoy, Prince of Amblise, GE (8 March 1925 – 21 August 2005) was the son of Eugène, 11th Prince of Ligne, and his wife, Philippine de Noailles.
Life and career
Pri ...
, and
Princess Alix of Luxembourg. They have four children.
*
Princess ''Eleonora'' Maria Josefa Rosa Filipa Miguela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga of Orléans-Braganza (born 20 May 1953 in
Jacarezinho), married on 10 March 1981 in Rio de Janeiro,
Michel, 14th Prince of Ligne
Michel de Ligne, 14th Prince de Ligne, Prince d'Épinoy, Prince d'Amblise, GE (Michel Charles Eugène Marie Lamoral; born 26 May 1951Enache, Nicolas. ''La descendance de Marie-Thérèse de Habsbourg''. ICC, Paris, 1996. pp. 46, 51, 427–429 . ( ...
(born 26 May 1951 in Belœil), son of
Antoine, 13th Prince of Ligne
Antoine Maria Joachim Lamoral de Ligne, 13th Prince of Ligne, Prince of Épinoy, Prince of Amblise, GE (8 March 1925 – 21 August 2005) was the son of Eugène, 11th Prince of Ligne, and his wife, Philippine de Noailles.
Life and career
Pri ...
, and
Princess Alix of Luxembourg. They have two children.
* Francisco Maria José Rasso Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga of Orléans-Braganza (born 6 April 1955 in Jacarezinho), renounced Imperial succession rights for himself and his descendants on 11 December 1980 and married on 28 December 1980 in Rio de Janeiro, Cláudia Regina Lisboa Martins Godinho (born 11 July 1954 in Rio de Janeiro), with whom he had children.
* Alberto Maria José João Miguel Gabriel Rafael Gonzaga of Orléans-Braganza (born 23 June 1957 in
Jundiaí do Sul
Jundiaí do Sul is a municipality in the state of Paraná in the Southern Region of Brazil.
See also
*List of municipalities in Paraná
This is a list of the municipalities in the state of Paraná (PR), located in the South Region of Brazil. P ...
), renounced Imperial succession rights for himself and his descendants on 22 December 1982 and married on 11 January 1983 in Rio de Janeiro, Maritza Bulcão Ribas Bockel (born 29 April 1961 in Rio de Janeiro), with whom he had children.
* Maria Teresa Aldegunda Luiza Josefa Micaela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga of Orléans-Braganza (born 14 July 1959 in Jundiaí do Sul).
* Maria Gabriela Dorotéa Isabel Josefa Micaela Gabriela Rafaela Gonzaga of Orléans-Braganza (born 14 July 1959 in Jundiaí do Sul).
Honors
*
![ESP Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George Justicia BAR](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/7/7c/ESP_Sacred_Military_Constantinian_Order_of_Saint_George_Justicia_BAR.svg)
Bailiff Knight Grand Cross of Justice with Collar of the
Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George
The Sacred Military Constantinian Order of Saint George (SMOCG) ( it, Sacro Militare Ordine Costantiniano di San Giorgio, es, Sagrada Orden Militar Constantiniana de San Jorge), also historically referred to as the Imperial Constantinian Order ...
.
Ancestry
Notes
References
*
*
*
* ORLEANS E BRAGANÇA, Pia Maria de. ''Minha Mãe, a Princesa Imperial Viúva''. Rio de Janeiro: Edição da Autora, 1990. Tradução de José Ubaldino Motta do Amaral.
* SANTOS, Armando Alexandre dos. ''Dom Pedro Henrique, o Condestável das Saudades e da Esperança''. São Paulo: Artpress, 2006
{{DEFAULTSORT:Pedro Henrique Of Orleans-Braganza
1909 births
1981 deaths
Brazilian people of Italian descent
Brazilian people of Portuguese descent
Heads of the Imperial House of Brazil
House of Orléans-Braganza
People from Boulogne-Billancourt
Pretenders to the Brazilian throne
Patrianovists
Child pretenders