Payzawat County,
[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] also via
SASM/GNC romanization
The former State Administration of Surveying and Mapping, Geographical Names Committee and former Script Reform Committee of the People's Republic of China have adopted several romanizations for Chinese, Mongolian, Tibetan and Uyghur, officiall ...
as Payziwat County (;
), (also Faizabad and Fayzawat) and via
Mandarin Chinese
Mandarin (; ) is a group of Chinese (Sinitic) dialects that are natively spoken across most of northern and southwestern China. The group includes the Beijing dialect, the basis of the phonology of Standard Chinese, the official language of ...
as Jiashi County () is a county in
Kashgar Prefecture
Kashgar Prefecture, also known as Kashi Prefecture, is located in southwestern Xinjiang, China, located in the Tarim Basin region (roughly the southern half of Xinjiang). It has an area of and 4,499,158 inhabitants at the 2015 census with a pop ...
,
Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region
Xinjiang, SASM/GNC: ''Xinjang''; zh, c=, p=Xīnjiāng; formerly romanized as Sinkiang (, ), officially the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region (XUAR), is an autonomous region of the People's Republic of China (PRC), located in the northwest ...
, China, on the western rim of the
Taklamakan Desert
The Taklimakan or Taklamakan Desert (; zh, s=塔克拉玛干沙漠, p=Tǎkèlāmǎgān Shāmò, Xiao'erjing: , dng, Такәламаган Шамә; ug, تەكلىماكان قۇملۇقى, Täklimakan qumluqi; also spelled Taklimakan and Te ...
. To the east, the county borders
Maralbexi County
Maralbexi County (Maralbeshi, Maralbishi, transliterated from ; ), Bachu County (), and ) the former long Chinese name as well, is located in the southwest of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China and is under th ...
, to the south
Yopurga County
Yopurga County, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency ( Uyghur: ) is a county in northern Kashgar Prefecture, Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region. More than 96% of the residents of the county are Uyghurs and live around oases at ...
.
Name
Payzawat means 'beautiful land of plenty'.
The name of the region is also transliterated as Faizabad.
History
Peyziwat County was established in July 1902.
[Peyziwat County]
. Kashgar Government.
In 1981, there was a brief pro-independence rebellion, the
Jiashi uprising (), in the county staged by
Uyghur activists after riots in
Kashgar
Kashgar ( ug, قەشقەر, Qeshqer) or Kashi ( zh, c=喀什) is an oasis city in the Tarim Basin region of Southern Xinjiang. It is one of the westernmost cities of China, near the border with Afghanistan, Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan and Pakistan ...
.
The
1997 Jiashi earthquakes, continuing to 2003, were a series of deadly earthquakes in the county.
Rebiya Kadeer
Rebiya Kadeer ( ug, رابىيە قادىر, translit=Rabiye Qadir; born 15 November 1946) is an ethnic Uyghur businesswoman and political activist. Born in Altay City, Xinjiang, Kadeer became a millionaire in the 1980s through her real estate ...
wrote that her career was significantly affected by the earthquakes, which were "one of the worst natural disasters that had occurred in the Uyghur nation in recent memory." One hundred villages and one thousand homes were leveled. Kadeer organized donations and aid for the area. In February 2002, a 6.7 magnitude earthquake killed 267 people in
Maralbexi County
Maralbexi County (Maralbeshi, Maralbishi, transliterated from ; ), Bachu County (), and ) the former long Chinese name as well, is located in the southwest of the Xinjiang Uyghur Autonomous Region of the People's Republic of China and is under th ...
and Payzawat County.
On August 27, 2008, two ethnic Uyghur police officers were killed.
On October 20, 2014, Shaptul (Xiaputule) was changed from a township to a town.
In 2017, Jiashi County Secondary Vocational School (), among the
Xinjiang re-education camps
The Xinjiang internment camps, officially called vocational education and training centers ( zh, 职业技能教育培训中心, Zhíyè jìnéng jiàoyù péixùn zhōngxīn) by the government of China, are internment camps operated by ...
, was increased in size, adding new dormitories and factory warehouses; significant security features were added through the introduction of secure 'military-style management'.
On the night of January 19, 2020, a strong earthquake () damaged buildings and seriously injured at least one person in the county.
Administrative divisions
Payzawat County includes six
towns
A town is a human settlement. Towns are generally larger than villages and smaller than cities, though the criteria to distinguish between them vary considerably in different parts of the world.
Origin and use
The word "town" shares an ori ...
, seven
townships
A township is a kind of human settlement or administrative subdivision, with its meaning varying in different countries.
Although the term is occasionally associated with an urban area, that tends to be an exception to the rule. In Australia, Ca ...
, and one other area:
Towns ( / 镇)
*
Barin (Baren; / ),
Shekerkol (Xike'erkule; / ),
Gholtoghraq (Wolituogelake; / , formerly ),
Shaptul (Xiaputule; / , formerly / ),
Qizilboyi (Kezileboyi; , formerly / ),
Qoshawat (Hexia'awati; , formerly / )
Townships ( / 乡)
*
Terim Township (Tierimu; / ),
Yengimehelle Township (Yingmaili; / ),
Janbaz Township (Jiangbazi; / ),
Misha Township (Mixia; / ),
Kizilsu Township[, United States National Geospatial-Intelligence Agency] (Kezilesu, Qizilsu; / ),
Gulluk Township (Guleluke; / ),
Ordeklik Township (Yudaikelike; / )
Others
*
Nongsanshijiashizong Farm (农三师伽师总场)
Economy
The system of irrigation is well-developed. Agricultural products include wheat, corn, sorghum, cotton and muskmelon. Animal herding is also common, primarily sheep. Specialities of the county include the 'Payzawat melon' () and white grapes without pits. Industries include tractors, electronics, leather making, construction, and cotton and melon processing.
, there was about 55,400 acres (366,889 mu) of cultivated land in Payzawat.
Demographics
As of 2015, 437,073 of the 445,846 residents of the county were
Uyghur, 8,342 were
Han Chinese
The Han Chinese () or Han people (), are an East Asian ethnic group native to China. They constitute the world's largest ethnic group, making up about 18% of the global population and consisting of various subgroups speaking distinctive va ...
, 431 were from other ethnic groups.
, Uyghurs made up 98.9% of the county's population.
As of 1999, 96.46% of the population of Payzawat (Jiashi) County was Uyghur and 3.52% of the population was Han Chinese.
In 1997,
Uyghurs
The Uyghurs; ; ; ; zh, s=, t=, p=Wéiwú'ěr, IPA: ( ), alternatively spelled Uighurs, Uygurs or Uigurs, are a Turkic ethnic group originating from and culturally affiliated with the general region of Central and East Asia. The Uyghur ...
made up 97.2% of the county's population.
Climate
Transportation
*
G3012 Turpan–Hotan Expressway
Historical maps
Historical English-language maps including Payzawat:
File:Txu-oclc-6654394-nj-43-5th-ed.jpg, Map including Payzawat (labeled as CH'IEH-SHIH (FAIZ ABAD)) from the International Map of the World
The International Map of the World or IMW (also called the Millionth Map of the World, after its scale of 1:1 000 000) was a project to create a complete map of the world according to internationally agreed standards. It was first proposed by th ...
(AMS AMS or Ams may refer to:
Organizations Companies
* Alenia Marconi Systems
* American Management Systems
* AMS (Advanced Music Systems)
* ams AG, semiconductor manufacturer
* AMS Pictures
* Auxiliary Medical Services
Educational institutions
* A ...
, 1966)
File:NJ-43-4 Yueh Pu Hu, China.jpg, Map including Payzawat (labeled as CH'IEH-SHIH) ( DMA, 1974)
File:Operational Navigation Chart G-7, 6th edition.jpg, From the Operational Navigation Chart; map including Payzawat (labeled as Jiashi (Ch'ieh-shih)) ( DMA, 1980)
File:Txu-pclmaps-oclc-22834566 g-7a.jpg, Map including Payzawat (labeled as Jiashi (Ch'ieh-shih)) ( DMA, 1984)
Notes
References
External links
Map of Payzawat at Google Maps
{{Authority control
County-level divisions of Xinjiang
Kashgar Prefecture