''Paxillus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

mushroom A mushroom or toadstool is the fleshy, spore-bearing fruiting body of a fungus, typically produced above ground, on soil, or on its food source. ''Toadstool'' generally denotes one poisonous to humans. The standard for the name "mushroom" is t ...

s of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''

Paxillus involutus ''Paxillus involutus'', commonly known as the brown roll-rim, common roll-rim is a basidiomycete fungus that is widely distributed across the Northern Hemisphere. It has been inadvertently introduced to Australia, New Zealand, South Africa, ...

'' and ''

Paxillus vernalis ''Paxillus vernalis'' is a basidiomycete fungus found in montane forests in northern North America. It closely resembles the poisonous ''Paxillus involutus'', and is considered likely to also be poisonous. The fungus was described as new to sci ...

''. Two former species—''

Tapinella panuoides ''Tapinella panuoides'' is a fungus species in the genus '' Tapinella''. Atromentin Atromentin is a natural chemical compound found in Agaricomycetes fungi in the orders Agaricales and Thelephorales. It can also be prepared by laboratory synt ...

'' and ''

Tapinella atrotomentosa ''Tapinella atrotomentosa'', commonly known as the velvet roll-rim or velvet-footed pax, is a species of fungus in the family Tapinellaceae. Although it has gills, it is a member of the pored mushroom order Boletales. August Batsch described th ...

''—have now been transferred to the related genus '' Tapinella'' in the family

Tapinellaceae The Tapinellaceae are a family of fungi in the order Boletales. Members of this family are: ''Bondarcevomyces'', ''Pseudomerulius ''Pseudomerulius'' is a genus of fungi in the Tapinellaceae The Tapinellaceae are a family of fungi in the ord ...

Binder M, Larsson KH, Matheny PB, Hibbett DS. 2010. Amylocorticiales ord. nov. and Jaapiales ord. nov.: Early diverging clades of Agaricomycetidae dominated by corticioid forms. Mycologia 102:865. ''Paxillus'' means ''small stake''.

Edibility

While this genus has in the past been erroneously considered edible, it is now known to be poisonous and has been linked to a number of recorded fatalities. The deadly poisonings appear to have been due to eating the mushrooms raw.

Species

, Index Fungorum lists 38 valid species in ''Paxillus'': *''

Paxillus albidulus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *'' Paxillus amazonicus'' *'' Paxillus ammoniavirescens'' *''

Paxillus atraetopus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

'' *''

Paxillus brunneotomentosus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *''

Paxillus chalybaeus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *''

Paxillus coffeaceus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *''

Paxillus defibulatus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *''

Paxillus fasciculatus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *''

Paxillus fechtneri ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *''

Paxillus guttatus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *''

Paxillus gymnopus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *''

Paxillus hortensis ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *''

Paxillus ianthinophyllus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *''

Paxillus ionipus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

'' *''

Paxillus leoninus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

'' *''

Paxillus maculatus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and ''Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now b ...

'' *''

Paxillus minutesquamulosus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

'' *'' Paxillus obscurisporus'' *''

Paxillus ochraceus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

'' *'' Paxillus pahangensis'' *''

Paxillus piperatus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

'' *'' Paxillus polychrous'' *''

Paxillus rhytidophyllus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

'' *''

Paxillus robiniae ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

'' *'' Paxillus rubicundulus'' *'' Paxillus scleropus'' *'' Paxillus serbicus'' *''

Paxillus squamosus ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

'' *'' Paxillus validus'' *''

Paxillus velenovskyi ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

'' *''

Paxillus yunnanensis ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

'' *''

Paxillus zerovae ''Paxillus'' is a genus of mushrooms of which most are known to be poisonous or inedible. Species include ''Paxillus involutus'' and '' Paxillus vernalis''. Two former species—''Tapinella panuoides'' and ''Tapinella atrotomentosa''—have now ...

References

External links

* * {{Taxonbar, from=Q573055 Paxillaceae Boletales genera