Pavel Nikolayevich Zhuravlyov (russian: Павел Николаевич Журавлёв; 22 July 1887,
Alexandrovsky Zavod – 23 February 1920, Alexandrovsky Zavod) was a leader of the partisan movement in
Transbaikalia
Transbaikal, Trans-Baikal, Transbaikalia ( rus, Забайка́лье, r=Zabaykalye, p=zəbɐjˈkalʲjɪ), or Dauria (, ''Dauriya'') is a mountainous region to the east of or "beyond" (trans-) Lake Baikal in Far Eastern Russia.
The steppe and ...
from 1919 to 1920 during the
Ataman Semyonov's regime.
Early years
Being born to poor
Cossacks
The Cossacks , es, cosaco , et, Kasakad, cazacii , fi, Kasakat, cazacii , french: cosaques , hu, kozákok, cazacii , it, cosacchi , orv, коза́ки, pl, Kozacy , pt, cossacos , ro, cazaci , russian: казаки́ or ...
, Pavel Zhuravlyov started working in gold fields when he was 12 years old. In 1915, he was drafted into the
Russian Imperial Army
The Imperial Russian Army (russian: Ру́сская импера́торская а́рмия, tr. ) was the armed land force of the Russian Empire, active from around 1721 to the Russian Revolution of 1917. In the early 1850s, the Russian Ar ...
and fought on the
Romanian Front
The Romanian Front ( ro, Frontul Românesc, FR) was a moderate fascist party created in Romania in 1935. Led by former Prime Minister Alexandru Vaida-Voevod, it originated as a right-wing splinter group from the mainstream National Peasants' Part ...
. After his two wounds, Zhuravlyov was transmitted to a reserve regiment from which he deserted in 1917.
The Russian Civil War
Zhuravlyov came back to Transbaikalia and joined the
Bolsheviks
The Bolsheviks (russian: Большевики́, from большинство́ ''bol'shinstvó'', 'majority'),; derived from ''bol'shinstvó'' (большинство́), "majority", literally meaning "one of the majority". also known in English ...
, and in April 1918 he was appointed the commander of the Red Army regiment which fought against the Special Machurian Detachment of Ataman Semyonov. After the defeat he fled to
Amur Oblast
Amur Oblast ( rus, Аму́рская о́бласть, r=Amurskaya oblast, p=ɐˈmurskəjə ˈobləsʲtʲ) is a federal subject of Russia (an oblast), located on the banks of the Amur and Zeya Rivers in the Russian Far East. The administrative ...
disguising himself as Kudrin. On April 21, 1919, Zhuravlyov was chosen to be the Commander-in-chief of the
Eastern Transbaikalian Front
The Eastern Transbaikalian Front (russian: Восто́чно-Забайка́льский фронт) was a Soviet partisan front from April 21, 1919 to October 7, 1920.
Initially it consisted of three regiments which had fought against Grigory ...
, and he participated in the
Bogdat battle. Zhuravlyov was deadly wounded near village Molodovsky on February 19, 1920. He was buried in a
mass grave
A mass grave is a grave containing multiple human corpses, which may or may not be identified prior to burial. The United Nations has defined a criminal mass grave as a burial site containing three or more victims of execution, although an exact ...
at Alexandrovsky Zavod. Many streets were named after him in Transbaikalian cities.
References
* Ушаков М. Вожак заб. партизан // Годы и люди. — Чита, 1960;
* Василевский В. И. Революция и Гражданская война в Заб.: Краткий биографический указатель. — Чита, 1989;
* Календарь знаменательных и памятных дат Чит. обл. на 1997 г. — Чита, 1997.
{{DEFAULTSORT:Zhuravlyov, Pavel
People of the Russian Civil War
History of Zabaykalsky Krai
1887 births
1920 deaths