Pauline Auzou-The First Sense of Coquetry, 1804

Pauline Auzou (24 March 1775 – 15 May 1835) was a French painter and art instructor, who exhibited at the

Paris Salon The Salon (french: Salon), or rarely Paris Salon (French: ''Salon de Paris'' ), beginning in 1667 was the official art exhibition of the Académie des Beaux-Arts in Paris. Between 1748 and 1890 it was arguably the greatest annual or biennial art ...

and was commissioned to make paintings of

Napoleon Napoleon Bonaparte ; it, Napoleone Bonaparte, ; co, Napulione Buonaparte. (born Napoleone Buonaparte; 15 August 1769 – 5 May 1821), later known by his regnal name Napoleon I, was a French military commander and political leader who ...

and his wife

Marie Louise, Duchess of Parma french: Marie-Louise-Léopoldine-Françoise-Thérèse-Josèphe-Lucie it, Maria Luigia Leopoldina Francesca Teresa Giuseppa Lucia , house = Habsburg-Lorraine , father = Francis II, Holy Roman Emperor , mother = Maria Theresa of ...

Personal life

Jeanne-Marie-Catherine Desmarquets (sometime written Desmarquest) was born in Paris on 24 March 1775.John Denison Champlin; Charles Callahan Perkins.
Cyclopedia of painters and paintings
'. C. Scribner's sons; 1913. p. 83.

Adolphe Siret Adolphe Siret (July 15, 1818 – January 6, 1888) was a Belgian historian, biographer, essayist, poet, biographer, writer and man of letters.Dictionnaire Historique Et Raisonné Des Peintres: De Toutes Les Écoles Depuis L'origine de la Peinture Jusqu'à Nos Jours
'. Chez les Principaux Libraires; 1883. p. 44. She assumed the surname La Chapelle when she was adopted by a cousin. In December 1793 she married the stationer Charles-Marie Auzou. Starting in 1794, they had at least two sons, two daughters and a child who did not survive infancy.Delia Gaze.
Dictionary of Women Artists: Artists, J-Z
'. Taylor & Francis; January 1997. . p. 199.

Jacques-Augustin-Catherine Pajou Jacques-Augustin-Catherine Pajou (27 August 1766, Paris - 28 November 1828, Paris) was a French painter in the Classicism, Classical style. Biography His father was the sculptor, Augustin Pajou. Nothing is known of his childhood. In 1784, at ...

bought one house of theirs in

Fontenay-aux-Roses Fontenay-aux-Roses () is a Communes of France, commune in the southwestern suburbs of Paris, France. It is located from the Kilometre Zero, center of Paris. In 1880 a girls school École Normale Supérieure was opened in the town. It was one of ...

in 1820. She died in Paris on 15 May 1835.

Career

In the early late 18th century women were generally prevented from attaining an education in art academies in France, particularly if they did not have money and connections.Delia Gaze.
Concise Dictionary of Women Artists
'. Routledge; 3 April 2013. . p. PT109. Auzou attended

Jean-Baptiste Regnault Jean-Baptiste Regnault (9 October 1754 – 12 November 1829) was a French painter. Biography Regnault was born in Paris, and began life at sea in a merchant vessel. At the age of fifteen his talent attracted attention, and he was sent to I ...

's atelierGermaine Greer.
The Obstacle Race: The Fortunes of Women Painters and Their Work
'. Tauris Parke Paperbacks; 2 June 2001. . p. 301-302. in 1802 along with Sophie Guillemard, , Caroline Derigny and

Henriette Lorimier Elisabeth Henriette Marthe Lorimier (7 August 1775, Paris – 1 April 1854) was a popular portraitist in Paris at the beginning of Romanticism. She lived with the French diplomat and philhellene writer Francois Pouqueville (1770–1838). Edu ...

. She was influenced by another woman artist,

Marguerite Gérard Marguerite Gérard (28 January 1761 in Grasse – 18 May 1837 in Paris) .Note that contrary to all other sources, the given death date is 1 January 1832, not 18 May 1837. was a successful French painter and printmaker working in the Rococo style. ...

, and by

Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres Jean-Auguste-Dominique Ingres ( , ; 29 August 1780 – 14 January 1867) was a French Neoclassicism, Neoclassical Painting, painter. Ingres was profoundly influenced by past artistic traditions and aspired to become the guardian of academic ...

Early in her studies and career, Auzou made paintings of legendary Greek figures. Very unusual for the time, when it was considered nearly underheard of for women to draw or paint nude people, Auzou made studies of nude women and men.Gen Doy.
Seeing and Consciousness: Women, Class and Representation
'. Berg; 6 April 1995. . p. 34. Deemed inappropriate, women artists found greater success in creating paintings of women in homey settings, making music or reading. She was a successful artist, first a Neoclassist, who made historic, genre and portrait paintings, including depictions of

. She received 2,000 to 4,000 francs in stipend payments, for the creation of essentially government mandated paintings of contemporary events,Albert Boime.
A Social History of Modern Art, Volume 2: Art in an Age of Bonapartism, 1800-1815
'. University of Chicago Press; 15 May 1993. . p. 207-208. including paintings made of and for Napoleon.Linda L. Clark.
Women and Achievement in Nineteenth-Century Europe
'. Cambridge University Press; 17 April 2008. . p. 90. Troubadour art, was very much a style made by male artists, but there were several artists like Eugénie Servières,

Hortense Haudebourt-Lescot Antoinette-Cécile-Hortense Haudebourt-Lescot (14 December 1784 – 2 January 1845) was a French painter, mainly of genre scenes. A native of Paris, she began studies with Guillaume Guillon-Lethière, a popular history painter and family friend ...

, and who added a feminine touch to makes of Caroline, Duchesse de Berry and

Empress Josephine An emperor (from la, imperator, via fro, empereor) is a monarch, and usually the sovereign ruler of an empire or another type of imperial realm. Empress, the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife ( empress consort), mother (empr ...

and others. The

opened up the exhibition to women's works in 1791. Her works were exhibited at the Paris Salon. In 1793, ''A Bacchante'' and ''A study of a head''. She made a painting of legendary ''

Daphnis In Greek mythology, Daphnis (; grc, Δάφνις, from , ''daphne'', "Bay Laurel") was a Sicilian shepherd who was said to be the inventor of pastoral poetry. Family According to tradition, he was the son of Hermes and a nymph, despite which ...

and

Phyllis Phyllis is a feminine given name which may refer to: People * Phyllis Bartholomew (1914–2002), English long jumper * Phyllis Drummond Bethune (née Sharpe, 1899–1982), New Zealand artist * Phyllis Calvert (1915–2002), British actress * P ...

'', which was exhibited at the 1795 salon. In 1804, ''The First Sense of Coquetry'' was exhibited there. She was awarded a first class medal at the salon in 1806 for her painting of ''Pickard Elder'', which in 1807 was represented in the painting ''Mr. Pickard and his family.'' In 1808, she was awarded the ''medaille de première classe'' for her work. That year she exhibited ''Mr. Picard and his family'' at the salon.''Pauline Desmarquets-Auzou (Paris, 1775 - Paris, 1835)''
Drouot Catalogue. Retrieved 9 March 2014. She made a painting of Napoleon and his bride shown at the 1810 salon entitled '' Archduchess Marie-Louise in

Compiègne Compiègne (; pcd, Compiène) is a commune in the Oise department in northern France. It is located on the river Oise. Its inhabitants are called ''Compiégnois''. Administration Compiègne is the seat of two cantons: * Compiègne-1 (with 19 c ...

,'' depicts the newly married Napoleon who looks on fondly, and secondarily, as Marie-Louise is met by her ladys-in-waiting. Other paintings made of the couple by Auzou included a painting of Marie-Louise with her family, ''Her Majesty the Empress, before Her Marriage, at the Moment of Taking Leave of Her Family''. Shown in 1806, ''Departure for the Duel'' depicts the family drama as a man looks at his sleeping wife and child before departing for a duel. Like other women artists of this time, Auzou depicted events as they impacted families. In this case, the wife was "condemned to seduction and the child to poverty," according to art critic Pierre-Jean-Baptiste Chaussard. She exhibited at the Paris Salon until 1817 and generally until 1820. Auzou opened an art school for young women, like other women artists, Lizinka de Mirbel and

Marie Guilhelmine Benoist Marie-Guillemine Benoist, born Marie-Guillemine de Laville-Leroux (December 18, 1768 – October 8, 1826), was a French neoclassical, historical, and genre painter. Biography Benoist was born in Paris, the daughter of a civil servant. Her trai ...

, and men. The studio and school were maintained for 20 years."Pauline Auzou"
''The Epic and the Intimate: French Drawings from the John D. Reilly Collection''.] Snite Museum of Art. University of Notre Dame. Retrieved 8 March 2014. Her book ''Têtes d'études'' (English: ''Head studies'') was published in Paris by Didot. Her painting ''Portrait of a musician'' is in the collection of the

Currier Museum of Art The Currier Museum of Art is an art museum in Manchester, New Hampshire, in the United States. It features European and American paintings, decorative arts, photographs and sculpture. The permanent collection includes works by Picasso, Matisse, Mon ...

, Manchester, New Hampshire, United States.
Pauline Auzou, 'Portrait of a Musician'
'' Collection, Currier Museum of Art. Retrieved 8 March 2014. Two of her works of Empress Marie-Louise are in the collections of The National Museum of Versailles, Palace of Versailles,Michael Bryan.
Dictionary of painters and engravers: biographical and critical
'. G. Bell and sons; 1886. p. 62. including ''Her Majesty the Empress, before Her Marriage, at the Moment of Taking Leave of Her Family''. Her works were collected by the Society of Friends to the Arts, Duchess de Berri and the French government. Several of these works were engraved, as well as period genre paintings such as the work engraved by

John Norman John Frederick Lange Jr. (born June 3, 1931) is an American writer who, as John Norman, has authored the '' Gor'' series of science fantasy novels. Norman is also a philosophy professor. Early life and education Lange was born in Chicago, I ...

, ''Diana of France and Montmorency.''

Legacy

Constance Mayer Marie-Françoise Constance Mayer La Martinière (9 March 1775 – 26 May 1821) was a French painter of portraits, Allegory, allegorical subjects, Portrait miniature, miniatures and genre works. She had "a brilliant but bitter career."Petteys, Ch ...

, Antoinette Haudebourt-Lescot and

Marie-Denise Villers Marie-Denise Villers (''née'' Lemoine; 1774 – 19 August 1821) was a French Painting, painter who specialized in portraits. Life Marie-Denise Lemoine was born in Paris to Charles Lemoine and Marie-Anne Rouselle. Two of her three sisters, Marie ...

, Auzou was one of the successful women artists following the French Revolution:

Works

* ''A Bacchante'', exhibited at 1793

* ''A study of a head'', exhibited at 1793 Paris Salon * ''Agnes de Meranie,'' 1808 * ''Arrival of Archduchess Marie-Louise in

'' (with new husband Napoleon), 1810 * ''

and

'', exhibited at the 1795 salon * ''Departure for the Duel'', exhibited in 1806 * ''Diana of France and Montgomery,'' 1814 * ''Her Majesty the Empress, before Her Marriage, at the Moment of Taking Leave of Her Family'', Versailles Gallery, 1812 * ''

Louis-Benoît Picard Louis-Benoît Picard (29 July 1769 in Paris – 31 December 1828 in Paris) was a French playwright, actor, novelist, poet and music director.Jean Gourret, '' Ces hommes qui ont fait l'Opéra'', 1984, p. 106-107. Biography Son of a lawyer, ...

and his family'', 1807 * ''Archduchess Marie-Louise in Compiègne,'' exhibited at the 1810 salon * ''Picard the Elder,'' 1806, won a medal of honor in 1806 and first prize at the 1808 Paris Salon * ''Portrait of a girl, bust length'', est. 1790s,

Snite Museum of Art The Snite Museum of Art is the fine art museum on the University of Notre Dame campus, near South Bend, Indiana. With about 30,000 works of art that span cultures, eras, and media, the Snite Museum's permanent collection serves as a rich resource ...

, University of Notre Dame * ''Portrait of a musician'', oil on canvas, 1809 * ''Portraits of Volney,'' 1795 * ''Regnault,'' 1800 * ''The First Sense of Coquetry'', exhibited at the 1804 salon * ''The Return of

Charles X Charles X (born Charles Philippe, Count of Artois; 9 October 1757 – 6 November 1836) was King of France from 16 September 1824 until 2 August 1830. An uncle of the uncrowned Louis XVII and younger brother to reigning kings Louis XVI and Loui ...

''''Pauline Desmarquets-Auzou (Paris, 1775 - Paris, 1835)''
Drouot Catalogue. Retrieved 9 March 2014.

References

External links

Images of Pauline Auzou's work
{{DEFAULTSORT:Auzou, Pauline 1775 births 1835 deaths Painters from Paris French women painters 18th-century French painters 19th-century French painters 19th-century French women artists 18th-century French women artists