Paul Kummer (22 August 1834 – 6 December 1912) was a

minister Minister may refer to: * Minister (Christianity), a Christian cleric ** Minister (Catholic Church) * Minister (government), a member of government who heads a ministry (government department) ** Minister without portfolio, a member of government w ...

teacher A teacher, also called a schoolteacher or formally an educator, is a person who helps students to acquire knowledge, competence, or virtue, via the practice of teaching. ''Informally'' the role of teacher may be taken on by anyone (e.g. w ...

, and

scientist A scientist is a person who conducts scientific research to advance knowledge in an area of the natural sciences. In classical antiquity, there was no real ancient analog of a modern scientist. Instead, philosophers engaged in the philosophica ...

Zerbst Zerbst () is a town in the district of Anhalt-Bitterfeld, in Saxony-Anhalt, Germany. Until an administrative reform in 2007, Zerbst was the capital of the former Anhalt-Zerbst district. Geography Zerbst is situated in the Anhalt-Wittenberg reg ...

Germany Germany, officially the Federal Republic of Germany (FRG),, is a country in Central Europe. It is the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany lies between the Baltic and North Sea to the north and the Alps to the sou ...

, known chiefly for his contribution to mycological

nomenclature Nomenclature (, ) is a system of names or terms, or the rules for forming these terms in a particular field of arts or sciences. The principles of naming vary from the relatively informal conventions of everyday speech to the internationally agre ...

. Earlier

classification Classification is a process related to categorization, the process in which ideas and objects are recognized, differentiated and understood. Classification is the grouping of related facts into classes. It may also refer to: Business, organizat ...

of agarics by pioneering fungal

taxonomist In biology, taxonomy () is the scientific study of naming, defining ( circumscribing) and classifying groups of biological organisms based on shared characteristics. Organisms are grouped into taxa (singular: taxon) and these groups are given ...

Elias Magnus Fries designated only a very small number of

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial ...

, with most

species In biology, a species is the basic unit of Taxonomy (biology), classification and a taxonomic rank of an organism, as well as a unit of biodiversity. A species is often defined as the largest group of organisms in which any two individuals of ...

falling into '' Agaricus''. These few genera were divided into many ''tribi'' ("tribes"). In his 1871 work, ''Der Führer in die Pilzkunde'', Kummer raised the majority of Fries ''tribi'' to the status of genus, thereby establishing many of the generic names for agarics that are in use to this day. From 1857 to 1863, he worked as a private lecturer, then served as a

curate A curate () is a person who is invested with the ''care'' or ''cure'' (''cura'') ''of souls'' of a parish. In this sense, "curate" means a parish priest; but in English-speaking countries the term ''curate'' is commonly used to describe clergy w ...

in Zerbst (1863–1877).Natural History Museum Kassel
biography/bibliography From 1877 onward, he was a minister in Hann Munden.BHL
Taxonomic literature : a selective guide to botanical publications

Bibliography

* "Der Führer in die Pilzkunde. Anleitung zum methodischen, leichten und sichern Bestimmen der in Deutschland vorkommenden Pilze, mit Ausnahme der Schimmel- und allzu winzigen Schleim- und Kern-Pilzchen." 1. Auflage. Zerbst (E. Luppe); (1871). * "Der Führer in die Mooskunde. Anleitung zum leichten und sicheren Bestimmen der deutschen Moose". 119 S.; Berlin. (1873). * "Der Führer in die Lebermoose und die Fefäßkryptogamen" (Schachtelhalme, Bärlappe, Farne, Wurzelfrüchtler). 1. Aufl.; Berlin (Springer); (1875). * "Kryptogamische Charakterbilder". VIII+251 S., 220 Abb.; Hannover, (1878). * "Der Führer in die Mooskunde. Anleitung zum leichten und sicheren Bestimmen der deutschen Moose", 2. Aufl.; Berlin, (1880). * "Die Moosflora der Umgebung von Hann.-Münden". - Bot. Centralblatt 40: 65–72, 101–106; Kassel, (1889). * "Der Führer in die Mooskunde. Anleitung zum leichten und sicheren Bestimmen der deutschen Moose". 3. Auflage; Berlin, (1891). * "Der Führer in die Lebermoose und die Gefäßkryptogamen" (Schachtelhalme, Bärlappe, Farne, Würzelfrüchtler). 2. Auflage VII+148 S.; Berlin (Springer), (1901).

References

External links

Historical Index of Mycologists, ''Illinois Mycological Society''. 1834 births 1912 deaths German mycologists German Protestant clergy {{Germany-botanist-stub