Paul Klengel (13 May 1854 – 24 April 1935) was a

German German(s) may refer to: * Germany (of or related to) ** Germania (historical use) * Germans, citizens of Germany, people of German ancestry, or native speakers of the German language ** For citizens of Germany, see also German nationality law **Ge ...

violin The violin, sometimes known as a ''fiddle'', is a wooden chordophone (string instrument) in the violin family. Most violins have a hollow wooden body. It is the smallest and thus highest-pitched instrument (soprano) in the family in regular ...

ist,

violist ; german: Bratsche , alt=Viola shown from the front and the side , image=Bratsche.jpg , caption= , background=string , hornbostel_sachs=321.322-71 , hornbostel_sachs_desc=Composite chordophone sounded by a bow , range= , related= *Violin family ...

pianist A pianist ( , ) is an individual musician who plays the piano. Since most forms of Western music can make use of the piano, pianists have a wide repertoire and a wide variety of styles to choose from, among them traditional classical music, ja ...

, conductor,

composer A composer is a person who writes music. The term is especially used to indicate composers of Western classical music, or those who are composers by occupation. Many composers are, or were, also skilled performers of music. Etymology and Defi ...

, editor and arranger. He was the brother of

cellist The cello ( ; plural ''celli'' or ''cellos'') or violoncello ( ; ) is a bowed (sometimes plucked and occasionally hit) string instrument of the violin family. Its four strings are usually tuned in perfect fifths: from low to high, C2, G2, D3 ...

Julius Klengel Julius Klengel (24 September 1859 – 27 October 1933) was a German cellist who is most famous for his études and solo pieces written for the instrument. He was the brother of Paul Klengel. A member of the Gewandhaus Orchestra of Leipzig at f ...

Biography

Klengel was born and died in

Leipzig Leipzig ( , ; Upper Saxon: ) is the most populous city in the German state of Saxony. Leipzig's population of 605,407 inhabitants (1.1 million in the larger urban zone) as of 2021 places the city as Germany's eighth most populous, as wel ...

, where he studied at the Leipzig Conservatory of Music and the

University of Leipzig Leipzig University (german: Universität Leipzig), in Leipzig in Saxony, Germany, is one of the world's oldest universities and the second-oldest university (by consecutive years of existence) in Germany. The university was founded on 2 Decemb ...

receiving his doctorate in 1886 with the dissertation ''Zur Ästhetik der Tonkunst'' (The Aesthetic of Music). From 1881 to 1886 he was choral conductor for the Euterpe Music Society in Leipzig and from 1888 to 1891 he worked at the

Hofkapelle Stuttgart Hofkapelle Stuttgart, historically the Württemberg Hofkapelle is a German orchestra based in Stuttgart which has existed since the 16th century. It was the band of the House of Württemberg. Since 2002, it is an orchestra founded by Frieder Bern ...

. He conducted for the German choral societies in New York City from 1898 to 1902. Klengel then returned to Leipzig to conduct the

Arion Society The Arion Society was a German-American musical society. It was founded in January 1854 to promote "the perpetuation of love for some of the characteristic elements of German civilization". It was disbanded because of Anti-German sentiment following ...

and later joined the

Leipzig Conservatory The University of Music and Theatre "Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy" Leipzig (german: Hochschule für Musik und Theater "Felix Mendelssohn Bartholdy" Leipzig) is a public university in Leipzig (Saxony, Germany). Founded in 1843 by Felix Mendelssohn ...

as professor of violin and piano. Klengel was a versatile musician; he was an accomplished violinist and pianist who sought a career as a concert musician and soloist. He composed works for violin, viola, and piano, as well as many songs and choral works. Klengel was a "house arranger" for

Simrock Simrock may refer to the German sheet music publisher N. Simrock, or one of the following members of the Simrock family engaged in that business: * Nikolaus Simrock, (1751–1832), founder of N. Simrock * Karl Joseph Simrock (1802–1876), son of N ...

publishing house. He is noted for his artistic

arrangement In music, an arrangement is a musical adaptation of an existing composition. Differences from the original composition may include reharmonization, melodic paraphrasing, orchestration, or formal development. Arranging differs from orches ...

s for violin and viola, many of which are still used for teaching.

Original compositions

;Chamber music * ''Fünf Stücke'' (5 Pieces) for 2 violins, Op. 9 (published 1888) :# Romanze :# Humoreske :# Menuett :# Ständchen :# Scherzo * ''Fünf Characterstücke'' (5 Character Pieces) for violin and piano, Op. 11 (1894); Nos 3 and 5 also for cello and piano :# Sérénade mélancolique :# Tempo di minuetto :# Élégie in E minor :# Caprice in E major :# Nocturne in F major * ''Pastorale'' for violin and organ (or piano), Op. 17 (1901) * ''Zwei Stücke'' (2 Pieces) for violin and piano, Op. 19 (1901) :: 2. An der Wiege * ''Fünf lyrische Tonstücke'' (5 Lyric Tone Pieces) for violin and piano, Op. 34 (1904) * Suite No. 1 in D minor for violin and piano, Op. 38 (1909) :# Präludium :# Courante :# Menuetto :# Bourrée :# Air :# Tambourin * ''Sechs Stücke'' (6 Pieces) for viola and piano, Op.39 (1910) :# Klage (Lament; Plainte) :# Und meine Seele spannte weit ihre Flügel aus (And My Soul Spread Out Its Wings; Et mon âme ouvrait ses ailes) :# Erhebung und Trost (Elevation and Consolation; Éspoir et consolation) :# Eine Erinnerung (A Recollection; Un souvenir) :# Valse Impromptu :# Schlummerlied (Lullaby; Berceuse) * ''Sechs lyrische Stücke'' (6 Lyric Pieces) for violin and piano, Op. 42 (1910) * ''Zwei Charakterstücke'' (2 Character Pieces) for violin and piano, Op. 44 (1909) * ''Serenade'' in D minor for violin and viola, Op.45 (1911) * ''Drei Romanzen'' (3 Romances) for viola and piano, Op.46 (1912) * ''Vier Phantasiestücke'' (4 Fantasy Pieces) for viola and piano, Op.48 (1912) :# Spielmannsweise :# Capriccio :# Gruss in die Ferne :# Reigen * ''Schumanniana'' for violin, viola and piano (1919); based on themes of

Robert Schumann Robert Schumann (; 8 June 181029 July 1856) was a German composer, pianist, and influential music critic. He is widely regarded as one of the greatest composers of the Romantic era. Schumann left the study of law, intending to pursue a career a ...

* ''Vierzehn Präludien'' (14 Preludes) for violin solo, Op. 62 (1932) ;Cadenzas * ''Kadenzen zum Viotti-Konzert Nr. 23, G Dur'' (Cadenzas to Violin Concerto No. 23 in G major by

Giovanni Battista Viotti Giovanni Battista Viotti (12 May 1755 – 3 March 1824) was an Italian violinist whose virtuosity was famed and whose work as a composer featured a prominent violin and an appealing lyrical tunefulness. He was also a director of French and Italia ...

) (published 1930) * Cadenza to Viola concerto D major op. 1 by

Carl Stamitz Carl Philipp Stamitz ( cs, Karel Stamic; baptized 8 May 17459 November 1801) was a German composer of partial Czech ancestry. He was the most prominent representative of the second generation of the Mannheim School. He was the eldest son of Jo ...

;Piano * ''Sechs Phantasiestücke'' (6 Fantasy Pieces), Op. 5 (1879) * ''Drei Mazurkas'' (3 Mazurkas), Op. 7 (1879) * ''Zwei Romanzen'' (2 Romances), Op. 8 (published 1891) :# in A major :# in F major * ''Sechs Clavierstücke'' (6 Piano Pieces), Op. 10 (1886 or 1887); revised version published in 1899 as ''Sechs kleine Vortragsstücke'' (6 Little Concert Pieces) :# Frühlingsgruß :# Blatt im Winde :# Abendstimmung :# Mazurka (A major) :# Albumblatt :# Alla Tarantella * ''Acht Fantasiestücke'' (8 Fantasy Pieces), Op. 12 (1893) * ''Fünf Stücke'' (5 Pieces), Op. 23 (1901) * ''Vier Stücke'' (4 Pieces), Op. 37 (1909) :# Abendstimmung (At Eventide) :# Humoreske :# Ein Lied vom Scheiden (At Parting) :# Barcarole * ''Sechs Fantasiestücke'' (6 Fantasy Pieces), Op. 47 (1914) * ''Fünf Fantasiestücke'' (5 Fantasy Pieces), Op. 49 (1917) * ''Fünf Klavierstücke'' (5 Piano Pieces), Op. 54 (1922) * ''Elegie'' – "Eigentum von Lisbeth Holzheu" (owned by Lisbeth Holzheu) * ''Sehr ruhig'' – "Eigentum von Lisbeth Holzheu" (owned by Lisbeth Holzheu) ;Vocal * ''Sechs zweistimmige Lieder'' (6 Two-Voice Songs) for 2 voices and piano, Op. 3 (1885) :# Ich weiss ja nicht, was kommen wird; words by A. Aar :# Dein Bild; words by

Hoffmann von Fallersleben August Heinrich Hoffmann (, calling himself von Fallersleben, after his hometown; 2 April 179819 January 1874) was a German poet. He is best known for writing "Das Lied der Deutschen", whose third stanza is now the national anthem of Germany, an ...

:# Ergebung; words by

Paul Heyse Paul Johann Ludwig von Heyse (; 15 March 1830 – 2 April 1914) was a distinguished German writer and translator. A member of two important literary societies, the '' Tunnel über der Spree'' in Berlin and ''Die Krokodile'' in Munich, he wrote n ...

:# Brautlied; words by

:# Du bist so weit; words by A. Aar :# Treueste Liebe; words by

* ''Trauungslied'' (Wedding Song) for voice and piano, Op. 6 (published 1900); words by Karl Johann Philipp Spitta * ''Drei Lieder'' (5 Songs) for alto and piano, Op. 13 (1894) :# Abendlied: Ruhe umhüllt; words by

Franz Grillparzer Franz Seraphicus Grillparzer (15 January 1791 – 21 January 1872) was an Austrian writer who was considered to be the leading Austrian dramatist of the 19th century. His plays were and are frequently performed at the famous Burgtheater in Vien ...

:# Deinem Blick mich zu bequemen; words by

Johann Wolfgang von Goethe Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (28 August 1749 – 22 March 1832) was a German poet, playwright, novelist, scientist, statesman, theatre director, and critic. His works include plays, poetry, literature, and aesthetic criticism, as well as trea ...

:# Wenn deine Arme halten; words by Karl Vohsen * ''Fünf Lieder'' (5 Songs) for mezzo-soprano or alto and piano, Op. 14 (1894) :# :# Lass die wilden Wogen toben; words by

:# Georgia's Hügel ruh'n; words by

Friedrich von Bodenstedt Friedrich Martin von Bodenstedt (22 April 1819 – 19 April 1892) was a German author. Biography Bodenstedt was born at Peine, in the Kingdom of Hanover. He was trained as a merchant in Braunschweig and studied in Göttingen, Munich and Berlin. ...

:# An dich verschwendet; words by

:# Du mit den schwarzen Augen; words by

Emanuel Geibel Emanuel von Geibel (17 October 18156 April 1884) was a German poet and playwright. Life Geibel was born at Lübeck, the son of a pastor. He was originally intended for his father's profession and studied at Bonn and Berlin, but his real interests ...

* ''Vier Lieder'' (4 Songs) for voice and piano, Op. 15 (1900) :# Über die Haide geht sausend des Herbstes Wind :# Serenade: Die Sterne blinken in Silberpracht :# Leid: Drunten im Grunde, ihr Blümelein blau :# Des Abends: Die Abendglocken läuten * ''Drei duette'' (3 Duets) for mezzo-soprano, baritone and piano (1903); words by Julius Gersdorff; English words by Alice Mattulath :# Denkst Du der Stunden (Dost Thou Remember) :# Ihr Sterne und ihr Blumen (I See the Stars above Me) :# Wenn die Rosen blühn (Love, When the Roses Bloom) * ''Fünf elegische Gesänge'' (5 Elegiac Songs) for mezzo-soprano or alto and piano, Op. 53 (1918); words by Alexandra Rafaele :# Sonnenwende :# In der Stille :# Nun gehn die Stürme schlafen :# Die Felder rauschen :# Bitte * ''Vier Lieder'' (4 Songs) for medium voice with violin and piano, Op. 59 (1924) :# Vor Tagesgrauen :# Im Mittagsschweigen :# Wilde Rose und erste Liebe :# Tanzlied im Mai ;Choral * ''Die deutsche Mutter'' for alto, female chorus and piano, Op. 50 (1918); words by

Isolde Kurz Maria Clara Isolde Kurz (21 December 1853 – 5 April 1944) was a German poet and short story writer. She was born at Stuttgart, the daughter of Hermann Kurz Hermann Kurz (30 November 1813 – 10 October 1873) was a German poet and novelist. ...

* ''Lagarde (11. August 1914)'' for male chorus a cappella, Op. 51 (1918); words by Albert Korn

Sources

* Forbes, Watson, "Klengel, Paul", ''The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians'', Volume 10, page 108 (London: Macmillan, 1980), 20 vols.

References

External links

* {{DEFAULTSORT:Klengel, Paul 1854 births 1935 deaths German classical composers German classical musicians German classical pianists Male classical pianists German classical violinists Male classical violinists German violinists German male violinists German classical violists German conductors (music) German male conductors (music) German male classical composers German pianists German male pianists