General A general officer is an Officer (armed forces), officer of highest military ranks, high rank in the army, armies, and in some nations' air forces, space forces, and marines or naval infantry. In some usages the term "general officer" refers t ...

Sir Patrick Leonard MacDougall, (10 August 1819 – 28 November 1894) was a

British Army The British Army is the principal land warfare force of the United Kingdom, a part of the British Armed Forces along with the Royal Navy and the Royal Air Force. , the British Army comprises 79,380 regular full-time personnel, 4,090 Gurk ...

officer who became

Commander of the British Troops in Canada This is a list of officers who commanded the Regular Troops of the British Army in Canada until 1906, when the last British garrison was withdrawn. From 1875 there was a separate commander of the Canadian Militia. This officer was responsible to ...

Military career

MacDougall was born the only son of Lieutenant Colonel Sir Duncan MacDougall (1787–1862) and Anne, daughter of Colonel

Cornelius Smelt Cornelius Smelt (August 1748 – 28 November 1832) was an administrator who served as Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man from 1805 until his death in 1832, the longest governorship in the history of the Island. An officer in the British Army, ...

(1748–1832),

Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man The Lieutenant Governor of the Isle of Man ( gv, Fo-chiannoort Vannin or ''Lhiass-chiannoort Vannin'') is the Lord of Mann's official personal representative in the Isle of Man. He has the power to grant royal assent and is styled "His Excelle ...

. Educated at a military academy in Edinburgh, then the

Royal Military College, Sandhurst The Royal Military College (RMC), founded in 1801 and established in 1802 at Great Marlow and High Wycombe in Buckinghamshire, England, but moved in October 1812 to Sandhurst, Berkshire, was a British Army military academy for training infantry a ...

, he was commissioned as a

second lieutenant Second lieutenant is a junior commissioned officer military rank in many armed forces, comparable to NATO OF-1 rank. Australia The rank of second lieutenant existed in the military forces of the Australian colonies and Australian Army until ...

in the 79th Regiment of Foot, (Cameronian Highlanders) in 1836. He then served in the

36th (Herefordshire) Regiment of Foot The 36th (Herefordshire) Regiment of Foot was an infantry regiment of the British Army, raised in 1701. Under the Childers Reforms it amalgamated with the 29th (Worcestershire) Regiment of Foot to form the Worcestershire Regiment in 1881. Its l ...

and transferred to The Royal Canadian Rifle Regiment in 1844. He was promoted to

major Major (commandant in certain jurisdictions) is a military rank of commissioned officer status, with corresponding ranks existing in many military forces throughout the world. When used unhyphenated and in conjunction with no other indicators ...

and became Superintendent of Studies at the Royal Military College, Sandhurst in March 1854 and then served in the

Crimean War The Crimean War, , was fought from October 1853 to February 1856 between Russia and an ultimately victorious alliance of the Ottoman Empire, France, the United Kingdom and Piedmont-Sardinia. Geopolitical causes of the war included the de ...

later that year. At its formation, he was appointed commandant of the Staff College. He became adjutant general of the Canadian militia in May 1865 and head of reserve forces in England in 1871. He became

in 1878. Three times, in 1878, 1881 to 1882, and 1882 to 1883, he was the administrator of the government of Canada in the absence of the

Governor General of Canada The governor general of Canada (french: gouverneure générale du Canada) is the federal viceregal representative of the . The is head of state of Canada and the 14 other Commonwealth realms, but resides in oldest and most populous realm, t ...

. He retired as a General in July 1885. From 1888 to 1891 he was Colonel of the

West India Regiment The West India Regiments (WIR) were infantry units of the British Army recruited from and normally stationed in the British colonies of the Caribbean between 1795 and 1927. In 1888 the two West India Regiments then in existence were reduced t ...

. In 1891 he was made Colonel of

The Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment (Royal Canadians) The Prince of Wales's Leinster Regiment (Royal Canadians) was an infantry regiment of the line in the British Army, formed in 1881 by the amalgamation of the 100th (Prince of Wales's Royal Canadian) Regiment of Foot and the 109th Regiment of Foot ...

, a position he held until his death. He died in 1894 at Kingson Hill, London having lived with his second wife at 22

Elvaston Place Elvaston Place is a street in South Kensington, London. Elvaston Place runs west to east from Gloucester Road to Queen's Gate. The Embassy of Gabon, London is at number 27. The High Commission of Mauritius, London is at number 32/33. The Embas ...

, London and Melbury Lodge, Kingston Hill, Surrey and was buried at East Putney Cemetery. He was the author of several military works: ''The Theory of War'' (1856), ''Campaigns of Hannibal'' (1858), ''Modern Warfare as influenced by Modern Artillery'' (1864), ''The army and its reserves'' (1869), and ''Modern infantry tactics'' (1873).

Family

MacDougall married, firstly, Louisa Augusta Napier (third daughter of Sir

William Francis Patrick Napier General Sir William Francis Patrick Napier KCB (7 December 178512 February 1860) was a British soldier in the British Army and a military historian. Early life Napier was born at Celbridge, County Kildare, the third son of Colonel George Napier ...

and Caroline Ameila Fox) on 15 July 1844 in Guernsey and following her death on 8 September 1856, he married Marianne Adelaide Miles (born 1834), eighth daughter of

Philip John Miles Philip John Miles (1773–1845) was an English landowner, slave owner, merchant, shipowner, banker and politician from Bristol. Through his banking interests he found himself on the register of owners of slaves on plantations in Jamaica though o ...

and Clarissa Peach at St George's Hanover Square on 21 June 1860. Marianne was described as "a charming woman and a well-known amateur water-colour artist" by Lady Glover who stayed with them in Canada. There were no children by either marriage. His first wife's sister Pamela married Philip William Skinner Miles, a son of

Awards

He was awarded the medal and clasp for Sebastopol and the Turkish medal. He was appointed a

Knight Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George The Most Distinguished Order of Saint Michael and Saint George is a British order of chivalry founded on 28 April 1818 by George IV, Prince of Wales, while he was acting as prince regent for his father, King George III. It is named in honour ...

in 1877.

References

External links

*
The Colonial Office List By Great Britain Colonial Office"Memories of Four Continents" by Lady Glover, 1923
{{DEFAULTSORT:Macdougall, Patrick Leonard British Army generals British military writers Knights Commander of the Order of St Michael and St George 1819 births 1894 deaths 36th Regiment of Foot officers Queen's Own Cameron Highlanders officers British Army personnel of the Crimean War Commandants of the Staff College, Camberley