Patricio Mariano y Geronimo (17 March 1877 at
Santa Cruz, Manila
Santa Cruz is a district in the northern part of the City of Manila, Philippines, located on the right bank of the Pasig River near its mouth, bordered by the districts of Tondo, Binondo, Quiapo, and Sampaloc, as well as the areas of Grace ...
– 28 January 1935) was a Filipino nationalist, revolutionary,
pundit,
poet, playwright, dramatist, short story writer, novelist, journalist,
[ violinist, and painter. Mariano was a ]Katipunan
The Katipunan, officially known as the Kataastaasan, Kagalanggalangang Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan or Kataastaasan Kagalang-galang na Katipunan ng mga Anak ng Bayan (KKK; en, Supreme and Honorable Association of the Children of the Nation ...
member. Mariano was the son of Petronilo Mariano and Dionisia Geronimo.[
]
Education
Mariano received his high school education at the Ateneo Municipal de Manila
, mottoeng = Light in the Lord
, type = Private, research, non-profit, coeducational basic and higher education institution
, established = December 10, 1859
, religious_affiliation = Roman Catholic (Jesuits)
, academic_af ...
(now known as the Ateneo de Manila University) and at the Colegio de San Juan de Letran
The Colegio de San Juan de Letran, (transl: College of San Juan de Letran) also referred to by its acronym CSJL, is a private Catholic coeducational basic and higher education institution owned and run by the friars of the Order of Preachers i ...
. Mariano studied bookkeeping at the Escuela de Artes y Oficios. Mariano received his Bachelor of Arts degree from the Liceo de Manila
The Manila Central University also referred to by its acronym MCU, and formerly named as the ''Escuela de Farmacia del Liceo de Manila'') is a private, non-sectarian, stock basic and higher education institution located on EDSA, Caloocan, Ph ...
(now known as the Manila Central University).[
]
Political career
Mariano was influenced by José Dizon José Matanza Dizon (died January 11, 1897) was a Filipino patriot who was among those who founded the Katipunan that sparked the Philippine Revolution
Dizon was born in Binondo, Manila and was married to Roberta Bartolomé, who died in March 1876 ...
, a Katipunan leader and typography and stereography shop owner, in joining the Katipunan. Mariano worked for Dizon in the said printing shop. Mariano joined the Filipino revolution in 1896. However, Mariano decided not to fight till the end. In 1898, Mariano became a public servant during the First Philippine Republic
The Philippine Republic ( es, República Filipina), now officially known as the First Philippine Republic, also referred to by historians as the Malolos Republic, was established in Malolos, Bulacan during the Philippine Revolution against ...
, wherein he acted as the right-hand man of Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista
Ambrosio Rianzares Bautista y Altamira (December 7, 1830 – December 4, 1903), also known as Don Bosyong, was a Filipino lawyer and author of the Declaration of Philippine Independence. A distant relative of the Rizal family, Bautista often gave ...
. Bautista was the adviser to General Emilio Aguinaldo, the president of the First Philippine Republic. As a patriot, Mariano was one of the founders of the organization known as the Asociacion Pro Patria.[
]
Literary career
At a time when the Tagalog Theater was beginning to evolve, Mariano pursued a career as a playwright by writing zarzuelas in the Tagalog language. Mariano became a translator of literary works into the Tagalog language. Apart from being a zarzuela author and translator, Mariano wrote poetry, short stories, dramas, and operettas. Mariano focused on subjects of romance, social conditions, and the hopes of the Filipino people. Mariano used symbolism in his works. Mariano’s works as a playwright were performed at theaters such as the Zorrilla Theater, the Manila Grand Opera House
The Manila Grand Opera House ( Filipino: ''Marangal na Bahay-Opera ng Maynila'', abbreviated MGOH) was a theater and opera house located in the district of Santa Cruz in Manila on the intersection of Rizal Avenue and Doroteo Jose Street. It was ...
, and the Rizal Theater in Tondo, Manila
Tondo is a district located in Manila, Philippines. It is the largest in terms of area and population of Manila's sixteen districts, with a Census-estimated 631,313 people in 2015 and consists of two congressional districts. It is also the seco ...
. Mariano’s play, ''Sampaguita'' (" Jazmine"), was shown at the Zorilla Theater in 1901. His one-act drama, ''Ang Pakakak'' ("The Tuba
The tuba (; ) is the lowest-pitched musical instrument in the brass family. As with all brass instruments, the sound is produced by lip vibrationa buzzinto a mouthpiece. It first appeared in the mid-19th century, making it one of the ne ...
"), was presented at the Manila Grand Opera House on 7 July 1913, and his ''Ang Silanganan'' ("The East" or "The Levant
The Levant () is an approximate historical geographical term referring to a large area in the Eastern Mediterranean region of Western Asia. In its narrowest sense, which is in use today in archaeology and other cultural contexts, it is ...
"), another one-act drama, was performed at the Rizal Theater 30 December 1904.[
]
Journalistic career
Armed with his experience in printing, Mariano utilized his skills at the Imprenta de Malolos, a printing press located at Barasoain in Malolos, Bulacan.[ He became the manager of the Imprenta de Malolos.] As a journalist, Mariano wrote articles for periodicals such as the ''El Heraldo de la Revolucion'' (The Herald of the Revolution) and the ''Ang Kaibigan ng Bayan'' (The Friend of the Nation). Mariano edited and wrote for other newspapers after the war. The post-war periodicals Mariano had been active in included ''Los Obreros'', ''Ang Paggawa'', ''Katwiran'', ''Lunas ng Bayan'', ''El Renacimiento Filipino'', ''La Vanguardia'', and ''Taliba''.[
]
Translation career
As a translator, Mariano translated into the Tagalog language opera
Opera is a form of theatre in which music is a fundamental component and dramatic roles are taken by singers. Such a "work" (the literal translation of the Italian word "opera") is typically a collaboration between a composer and a libr ...
s such as ''Lucia di Lammermoor
''Lucia di Lammermoor'' () is a (tragic opera) in three acts by Italian composer Gaetano Donizetti. Salvadore Cammarano wrote the Italian-language libretto loosely based upon Sir Walter Scott's 1819 historical novel '' The Bride of Lammermoo ...
'' and the third act of '' La traviata''. Mariano translated José Rizal's novels, namely '' Noli Me Tángere'' and '' El filibusterismo'', from the Spanish
Spanish might refer to:
* Items from or related to Spain:
**Spaniards are a nation and ethnic group indigenous to Spain
**Spanish language, spoken in Spain and many Latin American countries
**Spanish cuisine
Other places
* Spanish, Ontario, Can ...
originals.[
]
Literary associations
As a playwright and a journalist, Mariano became a member of literary organizations during his lifetime. Among the organizations Mariano became associated with included the Union de Artistas (Artists Union), the Union de Impresores (Printers' Union), the Buklod na Ginto (Gold Circle), the Aklatang Bayan (National Library), and the Lupong Tagapagpalaganap ng Akademya ng Wikang Tagalog (Board of Spreaders of the Academy of the Tagalog Language).[
]
Death
Mariano succumbed to the effects and complications of a neck tumor and died in 1935.[
]
Works
Plays
The following is an enumeration of the plays that Mariano authored:[
*''Sampaguita'' ("Jazmine") (1901)
*''Anak ng Dagat'' ("Child of the Sea")
*''Ang Pakakak'' ("The Tuba") (a one-act drama) (1913)
*''Ang Silanganan'' ("The East" or "The Levant") (a one-act drama) (1904)
]
Novels
*'' Juan Masili: Ang Pinuno ng Tulisan'' (1906)
*'' Ang mga Anak Dalita'' (1911)
*'' Ang Tala sa Panghulo'' (1913)
References
External links
*
*
*
{{DEFAULTSORT:Mariano, Patricio
1877 births
1935 deaths
Filipino dramatists and playwrights
Filipino poets
Filipino revolutionaries
Filipino translators
Filipino violinists
Filipino journalists
Katipunan members
Ateneo de Manila University alumni
Colegio de San Juan de Letran alumni
Bookkeepers
People from Santa Cruz, Manila
Writers from Manila
Filipino male short story writers
Filipino short story writers
Deaths from cancer in the Philippines
Filipino novelists
Tagalog-language writers
Filipino male poets