Patellidae is a
taxonomic family
Family (from la, familia) is a Social group, group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or Affinity (law), affinity (by marriage or other relationship). The purpose of the family is to maintain the well-being of its ...
of
sea snail
Sea snail is a common name for slow-moving marine gastropod molluscs, usually with visible external shells, such as whelk or abalone. They share the taxonomic class Gastropoda with slugs, which are distinguished from snails primarily by the ...
s or true
limpets
Limpets are a group of aquatic snails that exhibit a conical shell shape (patelliform) and a strong, muscular foot. Limpets are members of the class Gastropoda, but are polyphyletic, meaning the various groups called "limpets" descended indep ...
,
marine gastropod
The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda ().
This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...
molluscs in the
clade
A clade (), also known as a monophyletic group or natural group, is a group of organisms that are monophyletic – that is, composed of a common ancestor and all its lineal descendants – on a phylogenetic tree. Rather than the English term, ...
Patellogastropoda
The Patellogastropoda, common name true limpet
Limpets are a group of aquatic snails that exhibit a conical shell shape (patelliform) and a strong, muscular foot. Limpets are members of the class Gastropoda, but are polyphyletic, meaning th ...
.
(The superfamily
Patelloidea
Patelloidea is a taxonomic superfamily of sea snails or true limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass PatellogastropodaWoRMS (2020). Patelloidea Rafinesque, 1815. Accessed at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=1564 ...
should not be confused with the similar-sounding genus of true limpets ''
Patelloida
''Patelloida'' is a genus of sea snails or true limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the subfamily Lottiinae of the family Lottiidae, one of the families of true limpets.Bouchet, P.; Rosenberg, G. (2014). Patelloida Quoy & Gaimard, 1834. Access ...
'' which is in the family
Lottiidae
Lottiidae is a family of sea snails, specifically true limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Lottioidea and the clade Patellogastropoda (according to the taxonomy of the Gastropoda by Bouchet & Rocroi, 2005).
Subfamilies
200 ...
within the superfamily
Lottioidea
Lottioidea is a superfamily of sea snails or limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the clade Patellogastropoda, the true limpets.MolluscaBase (2018). Lottioidea Gray, 1840. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marines ...
, also part of the
Patellogastropoda
The Patellogastropoda, common name true limpet
Limpets are a group of aquatic snails that exhibit a conical shell shape (patelliform) and a strong, muscular foot. Limpets are members of the class Gastropoda, but are polyphyletic, meaning th ...
.)
Taxonomy
A
cladogram
A cladogram (from Greek ''clados'' "branch" and ''gramma'' "character") is a diagram used in cladistics to show relations among organisms. A cladogram is not, however, an evolutionary tree because it does not show how ancestors are related to d ...
showing phylogenic relations of Patellogastropoda based on
molecular phylogeny
Molecular phylogenetics () is the branch of phylogeny that analyzes genetic, hereditary molecular differences, predominantly in DNA sequences, to gain information on an organism's evolutionary relationships. From these analyses, it is possible to ...
research by Nakano & Ozawa (2007):
[Nakano T. & Ozawa T. (2007). "Worldwide phylogeography of limpets of the order Patellogastropoda: Molecular, morphological and palaeontological evidence". ''Journal of Molluscan Studies'' 73(1) 79-99. .]
Genera
Genera and species in the family Patellidae include:
* † ''
Berlieria''
de Loriol, 1903
* ''
Cymbula
''Cymbula'' is a genus of sea snails, the true limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other rela ...
'' H. & A. Adams, 1854
* ''
Helcion
''Helcion'' is a genus of sea snails, true limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the family
Family (from la, familia) is a group of people related either by consanguinity (by recognized birth) or affinity (by marriage or other relatio ...
'' Montfort, 1810
* ''
Patella
The patella, also known as the kneecap, is a flat, rounded triangular bone which articulates with the femur (thigh bone) and covers and protects the anterior articular surface of the knee joint. The patella is found in many tetrapods, such as ...
''
Linnaeus
Carl Linnaeus (; 23 May 1707 – 10 January 1778), also known after his ennoblement in 1761 as Carl von Linné Blunt (2004), p. 171. (), was a Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist, and physician who formalised binomial nomenclature, the ...
,
1758
* † ''
Proscutum
''Proscutum'' is a genus of sea snails, the true limpets, marine gastropod mollusks in the family (biology), family Patellidae.MolluscaBase eds. (2022). MolluscaBase. Proscutum P. Fischer, 1885 †. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Spec ...
''
P. Fischer, 1885
* ''
Scutellastra
''Scutellastra'' is a genus of sea snails with gills, typical true limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Patellidae, the true limpets.Bouchet, P. (2012). Scutellastra H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854. Accessed through: World Register of ...
''
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
;Synonyms:
* ''Ancistromesus''
Dall, 1871: synonym of ''Scutellastra''
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
* ''Ansates''
G.B. Sowerby II x Klein
X, or x, is the twenty-fourth and third-to-last letter in the Latin alphabet, used in the modern English alphabet, the alphabets of other western European languages and others worldwide. Its name in English is ''"ex"'' (pronounced ), ...
1839 - synonym of ''Patella''
Linnaeus, 1758
* ''Costatopatella''
Pallary, 1912: synonym of ''Patella''
Linnaeus, 1758
* ''Helioniscus'' is a synonym of ''
Cellana
''Cellana'' is a genus of sea snails or limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the family Nacellidae, the true limpets.WoRMS (2010). Cellana H. Adams, 1869. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2010) World Marine Mollusca database. Acc ...
''
H. Adams, 1869 from family
Nacellidae
Nacellidae is a taxonomic family of sea snails or true limpets, marine gastropod molluscs in the subclass Patellogastropoda.
Taxonomy
Nacellidae was the only family in the superfamily Nacelloidea as described by Bouchet & Rocroi (2005),. H ...
* ''Laevipatella''
Pallary, 1920: synonym of ''Cymbula''
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
* ''Patellanax''
Iredale, 1924: synonym of ''Scutellastra''
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 (junior synonym)
* ''Patellastra''
Monterosato, 1884: synonym of ''Patella''
Linnaeus, 1758
* ''Patellidea''
Thiele, 1891: synonym of ''Scutellastra''
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
* ''Patellona''
Thiele, 1891: synonym of ''Cymbula''
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854
* ''Patellus''
Montfort, 1810: synonym of ''Patella''
Linnaeus, 1758 (Invalid: unjustified emendation of Patella)
* ''Patina''
Gray, 1847: synonym of ''Patella''
Linnaeus, 1758
* ''Penepatella''
Iredale, 1929: synonym of ''Scutellastra''
H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 (junior synonym)
Human uses
Some limpet species in this family are used as a food source in various countries.
A study of ''
Patella caerulea
''Patella caerulea'', is a species of limpet in the family Patellidae. It is known by the common names Mediterranean limpet and rayed Mediterranean limpet. '' found that this limpet reduced the cover of
alga
Algae (; singular alga ) is an informal term for a large and diverse group of photosynthetic eukaryotic organisms. It is a polyphyletic grouping that includes species from multiple distinct clades. Included organisms range from unicellular mi ...
e and
barnacles on steel panels suspended in sea water in a commercial port, suggesting that the limpet could be used to inhibit fouling of ship hulls.
[Safriel U. N. & Erez N. 1987. ''Effect of limpets on the fouling of ships in the Mediterranean''. Marine Biology, 95(4): 531-537. ]
See also
*
Limpet
Limpets are a group of aquatic snails that exhibit a conical shell shape (patelliform) and a strong, muscular foot. Limpets are members of the class Gastropoda, but are polyphyletic, meaning the various groups called "limpets" descended indep ...
References
* Nakano T. & Sasaki T. (2011) Recent advances in molecular phylogeny, systematics and evolution of patellogastropod limpets. Journal of Molluscan Studies 77: 203-217.
External links
Rafinesque,_C._S._(1815)._Analyse_de_la_nature_ou_Tableau_de_l'univers_et_des_corps_organisés._[Book_1-224,_(self-published)_Palermo.html" ;"title="ook">Rafinesque, C. S. (1815). Analyse de la nature ou Tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés.
ook">Rafinesque,_C._S._(1815)._Analyse_de_la_nature_ou_Tableau_de_l'univers_et_des_corps_organisés._[Book_1-224,_(self-published)_Palermo
Bouchet,_P._&_Rocroi,_J.-P._(2005)._Classification_and_nomenclator_of_gastropod_families._Malacologia._47_(1-2):_1-397
Ridgeway,_S.A.,_Reid,_D.G.,_Taylor,_J.D.,_Branch,_G.M._&_Hodgson,_A.N.,_1998._A_cladistic_phylogeny_of_the_family_Patellidae_(Mollusca:_Gastropoda)._Philosophical_transactions_of_the_Royal_Society_of_London,_Series_B,_353(1375),_1645-1671
{{Taxonbar.html" ;"title="ook
1-224, (self-published) Palermo">ook">Rafinesque, C. S. (1815). Analyse de la nature ou Tableau de l'univers et des corps organisés. Bouchet,_P._&_Rocroi,_J.-P._(2005)._Classification_and_nomenclator_of_gastropod_families._Malacologia._47_(1-2):_1-397
Ridgeway,_S.A.,_Reid,_D.G.,_Taylor,_J.D.,_Branch,_G.M._&_Hodgson,_A.N.,_1998._A_cladistic_phylogeny_of_the_family_Patellidae_(Mollusca:_Gastropoda)._Philosophical_transactions_of_the_Royal_Society_of_London,_Series_B,_353(1375),_1645-1671
{{Taxonbar">from=Q1078016
Patellidae.html" ;"title="ook
1-224, (self-published) Palermo
Bouchet, P. & Rocroi, J.-P. (2005). Classification and nomenclator of gastropod families. Malacologia. 47 (1-2): 1-397
Ridgeway, S.A., Reid, D.G., Taylor, J.D., Branch, G.M. & Hodgson, A.N., 1998. A cladistic phylogeny of the family Patellidae (Mollusca: Gastropoda). Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London, Series B, 353(1375), 1645-1671
{{Taxonbar">from=Q1078016
Patellidae">
Taxa named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque