Particle beam cooling is the process of improving the quality of

particle beam A particle beam is a stream of charged or neutral particles. In particle accelerators, these particles can move with a velocity close to the speed of light. There is a difference between the creation and control of charged particle beams and ne ...

s produced by

particle accelerator A particle accelerator is a machine that uses electromagnetic fields to propel charged particles to very high speeds and energies, and to contain them in well-defined beams. Large accelerators are used for fundamental research in particle ...

s, by reducing the emittance. Techniques for particle beam cooling include:Proceedings of Cern Accelerator School Workshop on Beam Cooling and related topics, Montreux October 1993
/ref> * Stochastic cooling *

Electron cooling Electron cooling is a method to shrink the emittance (size, divergence, and energy spread) of a charged particle beam without removing particles from the beam. Since the number of particles remains unchanged and the space coordinates and their der ...

I. Meshkov, Electron Cooling: Status and Perspectives, Physics of Particles and Nuclei, Vol. 25, Issue 6, pp. 631-661, 1994 *

Ionization cooling In accelerator physics, ionization cooling is a physical process for reducing the beam emittance of a charged particle beam ("cooling") by passing the particles through some material, reducing their momentum as they ionize atomic electrons in the ma ...

Laser cooling Laser cooling includes a number of techniques in which atoms, molecules, and small mechanical systems are cooled, often approaching temperatures near absolute zero. Laser cooling techniques rely on the fact that when an object (usually an atom) a ...

E. Bonderup, Laser Cooling, CAS 1993, CERN 95-06, pp. 731-748
/ref> *

Radiation damping Radiation damping in accelerator physics is a way of reducing the beam emittance of a high-velocity charged particle beam by synchrotron radiation. The two main ways of using radiation damping to reduce the emittance of a particle beam are the us ...

* Buffer-gas cooling within RF quadrupoles

References

Accelerator physics {{Accelerator-stub