Parshvanatha Basadi or Kamatha Parshvanatha Basadi is a

Jain Jainism ( ), also known as Jain Dharma, is an Indian religion. Jainism traces its spiritual ideas and history through the succession of twenty-four tirthankaras (supreme preachers of ''Dharma''), with the first in the current time cycle being ...

temple A temple (from the Latin ) is a building reserved for spiritual rituals and activities such as prayer and sacrifice. Religions which erect temples include Christianity (whose temples are typically called churches), Hinduism (whose temples ...

(basadi) located on

Chandragiri Hill Chandragiri ( kn, ಚಂದ್ರಗಿರಿ) is one of the two hills in Shravanabelagola in the Indian state of Karnataka, the other one being Vindhyagiri. It is also near Indragiri. History The recorded history surrounding the hill star ...

Shravanabelagola Shravanabelagola () is a town located near Channarayapatna of Hassan district in the Indian state of Karnataka and is from Bengaluru. The Gommateshwara Bahubali statue at Shravanabelagola is one of the most important tirthas (pilgrimage de ...

, a town in

Karnataka Karnataka (; ISO: , , also known as Karunāḍu) is a state in the southwestern region of India. It was formed on 1 November 1956, with the passage of the States Reorganisation Act. Originally known as Mysore State , it was renamed ''Karnat ...

, India.

History

The Parshvanatha Basadi was built in the 11th–12th century CE according to an inscription found on a temple pillar. The '' manastambha'' pillar in front of the temple was erected by Puttayya during the reign of Chikka Devaraja (1645–1704 CE) of the

Mysore Kingdom The Kingdom of Mysore was a realm in southern India, traditionally believed to have been founded in 1399 in the vicinity of the modern city of Mysore. From 1799 until 1950, it was a princely state, until 1947 in a subsidiary alliance with Brit ...

The temple

The loft temple plan consists of a ''

garbhagraha A ''garbhagriha'' or ''sannidhanam'' is the ''sanctum sanctorum'', the innermost sanctuary of a Hindu and Jain temples where resides the ''murti'' (idol or icon) of the primary deity of the temple. In Jainism, the main deity is known as the '' ...

'' (inner sanctum), a shallow '' sukanasa'' (entrance ornament), a large pillared '' mandapa'' (pavilion), and a cornered porch. The temple stands on a high plinth of five moldings. The temple's ''mulnayak'', the idol of

Parshva ''Parshvanatha'' (), also known as ''Parshva'' () and ''Parasnath'', was the 23rd of 24 ''Tirthankaras'' (supreme preacher of dharma) of Jainism. He is the only Tirthankara who gained the title of ''Kalīkālkalpataru (Kalpavriksha in this "Kal ...

, is an monolithic idol standing over a lotus pedestal in the ''

kayotsarga Kayotsarga ( , pka, काउस्सग्ग ) is a yogic posture which is an important part of the Jain meditation. It literally means "dismissing the body". A tirthankara is represented either seated in yoga posture or standing in the kayo ...

'' posture and a hood of seven-headed serpents overhead. The idol has been noted as a fine example of craftsmanship with detailed carving of the hood and a sculptured lotus pedestal. The ''manastambha'' is a tall pillar. The pillar has a square base and is adorned with Jain images. The top of the pillar depicts a ''chaturmukha'' (four-faced) idol of

Padmavati Padmāvatī may refer to: Deities * Lakshmi, the Hindu goddess of fortune * Alamelu, or Padmāvatī, a Hindu goddess and consort of Sri Venkateshwara of Tirupati * Manasa, a Hindu serpent goddess * Padmavati (Jainism), a Jain attendant goddess ( ...

, four-armed

Yaksha The yakshas ( sa, यक्ष ; pi, yakkha, i=yes) are a broad class of nature-spirits, usually benevolent, but sometimes mischievous or capricious, connected with water, fertility, trees, the forest, treasure and wilderness. They appear in ...

, Kushmandini and

Brahma Brahma ( sa, ब्रह्मा, Brahmā) is a Hindu god, referred to as "the Creator" within the Trimurti, the trinity of supreme divinity that includes Vishnu, and Shiva.Jan Gonda (1969)The Hindu Trinity Anthropos, Bd 63/64, H 1/2, pp. 21 ...

riding on a horse. Parshvanatha basadi is considered the most important in the Jain temple complex of

for its architecture. This temple is one of the

Archaeological Survey of India The Archaeological Survey of India (ASI) is an Indian government agency that is responsible for archaeological research and the conservation and preservation of cultural historical monuments in the country. It was founded in 1861 by Alexande ...

's ''Adarsh Smarak Monument'' along with other temples in the Shravanabelagola group of monuments.

Photo gallery

File:Statue in the inner sanctum in the Parsvanatha Basadi at Shravanabelgola.jpg, Parshvanatha statue File:Profile of lathe turned pillars in Parsvanatha Basadi at Shravanabelgola.jpg, Lathe-turned pillar

References

Citations

Sources

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External links

* {{Authority control Jain temples in Karnataka 11th-century Jain temples Hassan district