The Parliament Oak is a veteran tree in Sherwood Forest. It is reputed to have been the site for impromptu-parliaments held by kings John and

Edward I Edward I (17/18 June 1239 – 7 July 1307), also known as Edward Longshanks and the Hammer of the Scots, was King of England and Lord of Ireland from 1272 to 1307. Concurrently, he ruled the duchies of Aquitaine and Gascony as a vassal o ...

. In the 19th century the tree was propped-up by William Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland. In recent years the Parliament Oak was threatened by

fly-tipping Illegal dumping, also called fly dumping or fly tipping ( UK), is the dumping of waste illegally instead of using an authorized method such as curbside collection or using an authorized rubbish dump. It is the illegal deposit of any waste on ...

and competing vegetation but was subject to conservation work in 2008. The tree was shortlisted for the 2017 Woodland Trust Tree of the Year award.

History

The tree stood around from King John's Palace at Clipstone.

King John King John may refer to: Rulers * John, King of England (1166–1216) * John I of Jerusalem (c. 1170–1237) * John Balliol, King of Scotland (c. 1249–1314) * John I of France (15–20 November 1316) * John II of France (1319–1364) * John I o ...

stayed at the palace from around the time of his 1199 accession for hunting in Clipstone Park, part of Sherwood Forest. Clipstone was one of the oldest parks in England, being enclosed for hunting since before the 1066 Norman Conquest. The Parliament Oak is thought to date from around this time, being of comparable age to the Major Oak, which has been estimated to be 800–1000 years old. It is said that John hastily assembled a parliament at the tree in 1212 upon being informed, whilst hunting, that revolts against his rule had broken out in Wales and Northern England. He is thought to have decreed that 28 Welsh boys held as hostages at Nottingham Castle were to be put to death as a consequence. Other English kings of this time, including

, also stayed at Clipstone for the hunting. Edward is also said to have assembled a parliament at the tree on Michaelmas (29 September) 1290, whilst travelling to Scotland. It is thought this story is more likely to be true than the legend of John's parliament; it was not uncommon for parliaments to be held outdoors in this period, particularly when discussing matters such as the royal forests. The tree was drawn in 1790, at which point it measured in circumference at a height of . By 1843 it stood on the Ollerton high road, at a point from Ollerton and on the fringe of what remained of Sherwood Forest. It measured in circumference at a height of from the ground and had a large hollow within it that could accommodate six men. The Parliament Oak was owned at this time by William Bentinck, 4th Duke of Portland who feared it was in danger of dying. He ordered a support framework erected to reinforce the tree against gales. He also planted an acorn within the hollow trunk to grow a replacement.

Recent developments

The tree stands at the edge of Clipstone Forest, in an access off the

A6075 List of A road A roads may be *motorways or freeways, usually where the local word for motorway begins with A (for example, ''Autobahn'' in German; ''Autostrada'' in Italian). * main roads or highways, in a system where roads are graded A, B a ...

and is looked after by The Sherwood Forest Trust. Its proximity to the road has placed it at risk of damage and it has previously been threatened by

and overgrowth of nearby vegetation. A fence constructed to protect the tree was destroyed and in 2007 '' The Independent'' newspaper described the situation as "one of the biggest failings of our heritage protection laws". A £35,000 project led by The Sherwood Forest Trust and Nottinghamshire County Council was carried out in summer 2008 to restore the area, plant of new hedgerow, construct two car parking spaces and install an information plaque. The Parliament Oak has been described as relatively unknown when compared with the Major Oak but was shortlisted for the 2017 Woodland Trust Tree of the Year award. A pub named after the oak stood in Mansfield Woodhouse until 2011.

References

{{Reflist Individual oak trees Individual trees in England Tourist attractions in Nottinghamshire Sherwood Forest