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''Parides eurimedes'' is a species of
The
''Parides eurimedes'' is a species of butterfly
Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the Order (biology), order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight. The ...
in the family Papilionidae
Swallowtail butterflies are large, colorful butterflies in the family Papilionidae, and include over 550 species. Though the majority are tropical, members of the family inhabit every continent except Antarctica. The family includes the larges ...
. It is commonly known as the mylotes cattleheart, Arcas cattleheart, pink-checked cattleheart, and true cattleheart. It is native to the Americas
The Americas, which are sometimes collectively called America, are a landmass comprising the totality of North and South America. The Americas make up most of the land in Earth's Western Hemisphere and comprise the New World.
Along with th ...
.
Subspecies
In 2004, Gerardo Lamas combined ''Parides arcas'' and ''Parides timias'' into ''Parides eurimedes''. He lists the following subspecies: * ''P. e. eurimedes'' (Stoll, 1782) (northernColombia
Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...
and northern Venezuela
Venezuela (; ), officially the Bolivarian Republic of Venezuela ( es, link=no, República Bolivariana de Venezuela), is a country on the northern coast of South America, consisting of a continental landmass and many islands and islets in th ...
)
* ''P. e. agathokles'' (Kollar, 1850) (Colombia)
* ''P. e. antheas'' (Rothschild & Jordan, 1906) (Colombia)
* ''P. e. arriphus'' (Boisduval, 1836) (central Colombia)
* ''P. e. emilius'' Constantino, 1999 (western Colombia)
* ''P. e. mycale'' (Godman & Salvin, 1890) (Panama
Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Cos ...
to northern Colombia)
* ''P. e. mylotes'' (H.W. Bates, 1861) (southern Mexico
Mexico (Spanish: México), officially the United Mexican States, is a country in the southern portion of North America. It is bordered to the north by the United States; to the south and west by the Pacific Ocean; to the southeast by Guatema ...
to Costa Rica
Costa Rica (, ; ; literally "Rich Coast"), officially the Republic of Costa Rica ( es, República de Costa Rica), is a country in the Central American region of North America, bordered by Nicaragua to the north, the Caribbean Sea to the no ...
)
* ''P. e. timias'' (Gray, 853
__NOTOC__
Year 853 ( DCCCLIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place Byzantine Empire
* May 22 – A Byzantine fleet (85 ships and 5,000 men) sacks and d ...
(western Ecuador
Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ...
)
Description
The wingspan
The wingspan (or just span) of a bird or an airplane is the distance from one wingtip to the other wingtip. For example, the Boeing 777–200 has a wingspan of , and a wandering albatross (''Diomedea exulans'') caught in 1965 had a wingspan of ...
measures . ''P. e. mylotes'' is black with both sexes having a red patch on the dorsal hindwing. The dorsal forewing of the male has a triangular green patch. The female has a white patch on the dorsal forewing. A full description (as ''P. arcas'' and ''P.timias'') is provided by Rothschild, W. and Jordan, K. (1906)
Distribution and habitat
''P. eurimedes'' is found in theNeotropical realm
The Neotropical realm is one of the eight biogeographic realms constituting Earth's land surface. Physically, it includes the tropical terrestrial ecoregions of the Americas and the entire South American temperate zone.
Definition
In bioge ...
from Mexico to northern South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...
, where it is commonly found in tropical forests.
Life cycle
The purple-browncaterpillar
Caterpillars ( ) are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths).
As with most common names, the application of the word is arbitrary, since the larvae of sawflies (suborder Sym ...
is spotted with black. A white lateral stripe is found on each side of the body. The chrysalis
A pupa ( la, pupa, "doll"; plural: ''pupae'') is the life stage of some insects undergoing transformation between immature and mature stages. Insects that go through a pupal stage are holometabolous: they go through four distinct stages in their ...
is pale yellow green. Host plants include ''Aristolochia grandiflora
''Aristolochia grandiflora'', the pelican flower, is a deciduous vine with one of the world's largest flowers that emits an odor that smells like rotting feet, attracting flies.
Description
''Aristolochia grandiflora'' produces large solitary f ...
'', '' A. nummularfolia'', '' A. odoratissima'', '' A. pilosa'', and '' A. tonduzii''.
Taxonomy
''Parides eurimedes'' is a member of the ''aeneas''species group
In biology, a species complex is a group of closely related organisms that are so similar in appearance and other features that the boundaries between them are often unclear. The taxa in the complex may be able to hybridize readily with each oth ...
Edwin Möhn, 2007 ''Butterflies of the World'', Part 26: Papilionidae XIII. ''Parides'' Verlag Goecke & Evers Verlag Goecke & Evers
The members are
*''Parides aeneas
''Parides aeneas'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm.
The larva feeds on '' Aristolochia'' ''burchelli'' and ''A. barbata''
Subspecies
*''P. a. aeneas'' Guianas, Surinam
*''P. a. bolivar ...
''
*'' Parides aglaope''
*'' Parides burchellanus''
*''Parides echemon
''Parides echemon'' is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm.
It is common and not threatened.
Subspecies
*''P. e. echemon'' Brazil (Pará)
*''P. e. ergeteles'' (Gray,
''
*''Parides eurimedes''
*''853
__NOTOC__
Year 853 ( DCCCLIII) was a common year starting on Sunday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.
Events
By place Byzantine Empire
* May 22 – A Byzantine fleet (85 ships and 5,000 men) sacks and d ...
Guianas, French Gu ...Parides lysander
''Parides lysander'', the Lysander cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm.
The larvae feed on ''Aristolochia'' species including '' A. huberiana'', '' A. sprucei'', '' A. littoral ...
'' – Lysander cattleheart
*''Parides neophilus
''Parides neophilus'', the spear-winged cattleheart, is a species of butterfly in the family Papilionidae. It is found in the Neotropical realm.
The larvae feed on '' Aristolochia trilobata'' and '' Aristolochia colombiana''.
Subspecies
*''P. ...
'' – spear-winged cattleheart
*'' Parides orellana''
*'' Parides panthonus'' – panthonus cattleheart
*'' Parides tros''
*'' Parides zacynthus''
References
Further reading
* * eurimedes Butterflies of Central America Butterflies of North America Papilionidae of South America Butterflies described in 1782 {{Papilionidae-stub