''Paraverrucosa'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

orb-weaver spider Orb-weaver spiders are members of the spider family Araneidae. They are the most common group of builders of spiral wheel-shaped webs often found in gardens, fields, and forests. The English word "orb" can mean "circular", hence the English name ...

s first described by

Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão (July 17, 1886 – December 14, 1948) was a Brazilian zoologist who is considered the founder of Arachnology in South America, publishing 198 papers on the taxonomy of Arachnida. He was also involved with educ ...

in 1939 to contain the type species, ''

Paraverrucosa neglecta ''Paraverrucosa'' is a genus of orb-weaver spiders first described by Cândido Firmino de Mello-Leitão in 1939 to contain the type species, '' Paraverrucosa neglecta''. Each of the four species have been moved around between '' Wagneriana'', ''E ...

''. Each of the four species have been moved around between '' Wagneriana'', ''

Edricus ''Edricus'' is a genus of Araneidae, orb-weaver spiders first described by Octavius Pickard-Cambridge, O. Pickard-Cambridge in 1890. it contains only two species. References

Araneidae Araneomorphae genera Spiders of Central America Spid ...

'', and ''

Verrucosa ''Verrucosa'' is a genus of Araneidae, orb-weaver spiders first described by Henry Christopher McCook, Henry McCook in 1888. It contains almost fifty described species, most of which live in South America. The only species in the United States is ...

'', but were all moved to this genus in 2020.

Species

it contains four species: *'' P. eupalaestra'' (Mello-Leitão, 1943) – Brazil, Argentina *'' P. heteracantha'' (Mello-Leitão, 1943) – Brazil, Argentina *'' P. neglecta'' Mello-Leitão, 1939 – Trinidad to Argentina *'' P. uzaga'' (

Levi Levi (; ) was, according to the Book of Genesis, the third of the six sons of Jacob and Leah (Jacob's third son), and the founder of the Israelite Tribe of Levi (the Levites, including the Kohanim) and the great-grandfather of Aaron, Moses and M ...

, 1991) – Brazil, Paraguay, Argentina Formerly included: *''P. octospinosa'' Mello-Leitão, 1949 (Transferred to '' Wagneriana'') *''P. uropygialis'' Mello-Leitão, 1944 (Transferred to ''

Alpaida Alpaida (also Alpaïde, Alpaide, Alphaida, Alpoïde, Elphide, Elfide, Chalpaida; 654 – c. 714) was a Frankish noblewoman who hailed from the Liège area. She became the wife of Pippin of Herstal (635 or 640 – 16 December 714) and mother to t ...

'')

Species

See also

References

Further reading