''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "

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" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''

Steatoda The spider genus ''Steatoda'', in the family Theridiidae, includes about 120 recognized species, distributed around the world (including many cosmopolitan species which are found among human populations worldwide). One common name is cupboard spi ...

''. The Japanese name for this genus is ''O-himogumo zoku'' ("thread silk spider family").

Description

''Parasteatoda'' species have a characteristic teardrop-shaped abdomen, with the anterior section much higher than the carapace and the spinnerets pointed downwards. The abdomen's colouration is highly variable, both between and often within species. They have slight sexual dimorphism; males are visually similar to females, although slightly smaller.

Species

It is mostly an

Old World The "Old World" is a term for Afro-Eurasia that originated in Europe , after Europeans became aware of the existence of the Americas. It is used to contrast the continents of Africa, Europe, and Asia, which were previously thought of by the ...

genus, with many species found in Asia and New Guinea, though the distribution reaches into Europe. A few species originate from the New World, but many have been introduced, and they are becoming more widespread in the Americas and Europe. it contains forty-two species and two subspecies: *''

Parasteatoda aequipeiformis ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanese ...

'' Yang, Irfan & Peng, 2019 –

China China, officially the People's Republic of China (PRC), is a country in East Asia. It is the world's most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, slightly ahead of India. China spans the equivalent of five time zones and ...

*''

Parasteatoda angulithorax ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanese ...

'' (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) – Russia (Far East), China, Korea,

Japan Japan ( ja, 日本, or , and formally , ''Nihonkoku'') is an island country in East Asia. It is situated in the northwest Pacific Ocean, and is bordered on the west by the Sea of Japan, while extending from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north ...

*''

Parasteatoda asiatica ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanese ...

'' (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) – China, Korea, Japan *''

Parasteatoda camura ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanese ...

'' ( Simon, 1877) – Philippines, New Guinea, Solomon Is. *''

Parasteatoda celsabdomina ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanese ...

'' (Zhu, 1998) – India, China, Thailand,

Laos Laos (, ''Lāo'' )), officially the Lao People's Democratic Republic ( Lao: ສາທາລະນະລັດ ປະຊາທິປະໄຕ ປະຊາຊົນລາວ, French: République démocratique populaire lao), is a socialist ...

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Parasteatoda cingulata ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanese ...

'' (Zhu, 1998) – China *'' Parasteatoda corrugata'' Yoshida, 2016 – Japan *''

Parasteatoda culicivora ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanes ...

'' (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) – China, Japan *'' Parasteatoda daliensis'' (Zhu, 1998) – China, Laos *''

Parasteatoda decorata ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japan ...

'' ( L. Koch, 1867) – Indonesia (Krakatau), New Guinea,

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( Queensland) *''

Parasteatoda ducta ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanes ...

'' (Zhu, 1998) – China *'' Parasteatoda galeiforma'' (Zhu, Zhang & Xu, 1991) – China *'' Parasteatoda gui'' (Zhu, 1998) – China *''

Parasteatoda hammeni ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanes ...

'' ( Chrysanthus, 1963) – New Guinea *''

Parasteatoda hatsushibai ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanes ...

'' Yoshida, 2009 – Japan *'' Parasteatoda jinghongensis'' (Zhu, 1998) – China *'' Parasteatoda kaindi'' ( Levi, Lubin & Robinson, 1982) – New Guinea *''

Parasteatoda kentingensis ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japan ...

'' Yoshida, 2015 – Taiwan *''

Parasteatoda kompirensis ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japan ...

'' (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) – India, China, Korea, Japan *''

Parasteatoda lanyuensis ''Parasteatoda lanyuensis'' is a species of comb-footed spider in the family Theridiidae. It is endemic to Taiwan. The type series – two males and three females – was collected from Orchid Island (=''Lanyu'' in Chinese, hence the specific n ...

'' (Yoshida, Tso & Severinghaus, 2000) – Taiwan *''

Parasteatoda longiducta ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanes ...

'' (Zhu, 1998) – China *''

Parasteatoda lunata ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek " para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus '' Steatoda''. The Japanes ...

'' (

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, 1757) – Europe, Turkey, Israel, Caucasus, Russia ( Europe to Far East), Iran **'' Parasteatoda l. serrata'' (Franganillo, 1930) – Cuba *''

Parasteatoda merapiensis ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japan ...

'' Yoshida & Takasuka, 2011 – Indonesia ( Java) *'' Parasteatoda nigrovittata'' (

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, 1884) – Mexico to Argentina *''

Parasteatoda oxymaculata ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japan ...

'' (Zhu, 1998) – China, India, Laos *''

Parasteatoda palmata ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japan ...

'' Gao & Li, 2014 – China *''

Parasteatoda polygramma ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japan ...

'' (

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, 1911) – New Guinea *'' Parasteatoda quadrimaculata'' (Yoshida, Tso & Severinghaus, 2000) – Taiwan *''

Parasteatoda ryukyu ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japan ...

'' (Yoshida, 2000) – Japan, Ryukyu Is., Taiwan *'' Parasteatoda simulans'' ( Thorell, 1875) – Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to South Siberia) *'' Parasteatoda songi'' (Zhu, 1998) – China *'' Parasteatoda subtabulata'' (Zhu, 1998) – China *''

Parasteatoda subvexa ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japan ...

'' (Zhu, 1998) – China *'' Parasteatoda tabulata'' (Levi, 1980) – Tropical Asia. Introduced to North America, Europe, Georgia, Russia (Europe to Far East), Central Asia, China, Korea, Japan *''

Parasteatoda taiwanica ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japan ...

'' Yoshida, 2015 – Taiwan *''

Parasteatoda tepidariorum ''Parasteatoda tepidariorum'', the common house spider or American house spider, is a spider species of the genus '' Parasteatoda'' with a cosmopolitan distribution. Common house spiders are synanthropic and live in and near human dwellings. The ...

'' (C. L. Koch, 1841) (

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) – South America. Introduced to Canada, USA, Seychelles, Europe, Turkey, Caucasus, Russia (Europe to Far East), Kazakhstan, Iran, Central Asia, China, Japan, New Zealand, Hawaii **'' Parasteatoda t. australis'' (Thorell, 1895) –

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*'' Parasteatoda transipora'' (Zhu & Zhang, 1992) – China *'' Parasteatoda triangula'' (Yoshida, 1993) – Singapore, Indonesia (Java,

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) *'' Parasteatoda valoka'' (Chrysanthus, 1975) – New Guinea, Papua New Guinea (

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Parasteatoda vervoorti ''Parasteatoda'' is a genus of comb-footed spiders that was first described by Allan Frost Archer in 1946. The name is a combination of the Ancient Greek "para-" (), meaning "near" or "next to", and the theridiid genus ''Steatoda''. The Japanes ...

'' (Chrysanthus, 1975) – New Guinea *'' Parasteatoda wangi'' Jin & Zhang, 2013 – China *''

Parasteatoda wau ''Parasteatoda wau'' (formerly ''Achaeareanea wau'') is a species of social spider that lives around Wau, Papua New Guinea Wau is a town in Papua New Guinea, in the province of Morobe. It has a population of approx 5,000 and is situated at an ...

'' (Levi, Lubin & Robinson, 1982) – New Guinea Formerly included: *''P. brookesiana'' (Barrion & Litsinger, 1995) (Transferred to '' Nihonhimea'') *''P. campanulata'' (Chen, 1993) (Transferred to ''

Campanicola ''Campanicola'' is a genus of spiders in the family Theridiidae Theridiidae, also known as the tangle-web spiders, cobweb spiders and comb-footed spiders, is a large family of Araneomorphae, araneomorph spiders first described by Carl Jakob Su ...

'') *''P. ferrumequina'' (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) (Transferred to ''Campanicola'') *''P. japonica'' (Bösenberg & Strand, 1906) (Transferred to ''Nihonhimea'') *''P. mundula'' (L. Koch, 1872) (Transferred to ''Nihonhimea'') *''P. mundula'' (Chrysanthus, 1963) (Transferred to ''Nihonhimea'') *''P. oculiprominens'' Saito, 1939 (Transferred to ''

Keijiella ''Keijiella'' is a genus of spiders in the family Theridiidae Theridiidae, also known as the tangle-web spiders, cobweb spiders and comb-footed spiders, is a large family of Araneomorphae, araneomorph spiders first described by Carl Jakob Sund ...

'') *''P. tesselata'' (Keyserling, 1884) (Transferred to ''Nihonhimea'') In synonymy: *''P. boqueronica'' (Kraus, 1955) = ''Parasteatoda nigrovittata'' (Keyserling, 1884) *''P. krausi'' (Chrysanthus, 1963) = ''Parasteatoda camura'' (Simon, 1877) *''P. lunata'' (Olivier, 1789) = ''Parasteatoda lunata'' (Clerck, 1757) *''P. mesax'' Levi, 1959 = ''Parasteatoda nigrovittata'' (Keyserling, 1884) *''P. nipponica'' (Yoshida, 1983) = ''Parasteatoda tabulata'' (Levi, 1980) *''P. obnubila'' (Keyserling, 1891) = ''Parasteatoda nigrovittata'' (Keyserling, 1884) *''P. pallida'' (Walckenaer, 1841) = ''Parasteatoda tepidariorum'' (C. L. Koch, 1841)

Description

Species

See also

References

Further reading