Parallel society refers to the self-organization of an ethnic or religious minority, often but not always immigrant groups, with the intent of a reduced or minimal spatial, social and cultural contact with the majority society into which they immigrate.
The term was introduced into the debate about
migration
Migration, migratory, or migrate may refer to: Human migration
* Human migration, physical movement by humans from one region to another
** International migration, when peoples cross state boundaries and stay in the host state for some minimum le ...
and
integration
Integration may refer to:
Biology
*Multisensory integration
*Path integration
* Pre-integration complex, viral genetic material used to insert a viral genome into a host genome
*DNA integration, by means of site-specific recombinase technology, ...
in the early 1990s by the German sociologist
Wilhelm Heitmeyer
Wilhelm Heitmeyer (born 28 June 1945, in Nettelstedt, Germany) is sociologist and professor of education specializing in socialisation. From 1996 to 2013 he headed the Institute for Interdisciplinary Research on Conflict and Violence (IKG) at Bie ...
.
"Integration, Social Networks and Economic Success of Immigrants: A Case Study of the Turkish Community in Berlin" It rose to prominence in the European public discourse following the murder of Dutch director and critic of Islam Theo van Gogh (film director), Theo van Gogh. In 2004, it was elected by the Association for the German Language second as Word of the year
The word(s) of the year, sometimes capitalized as "Word(s) of the Year" and abbreviated "WOTY" (or "WotY"), refers to any of various assessments as to the most important word(s) or expression(s) in the public sphere during a specific year.
The Ge ...
.
See also
* Pillarisation
Pillarisation (from the nl, verzuiling) is the politico-denominational segregation of a society into groups by religion and associated political beliefs. These societies were (and in some areas, still are) vertically divided into two or more gr ...
* Multiculturalism
The term multiculturalism has a range of meanings within the contexts of sociology, political philosophy, and colloquial use. In sociology and in everyday usage, it is a synonym for "Pluralism (political theory), ethnic pluralism", with the tw ...
* Leitkultur
''Leitkultur'' is a German concept, which can be translated as 'guiding culture' or 'leading culture', less literally as 'common culture', 'core culture' or 'basic culture'. The term was first introduced in 1998 by the German-Arab sociologist Bass ...
* Auto-segregation Auto-segregation or self-segregation is the separation of a religious, ethnic or racial group from other groups in a country by the group itself naturally. This usually results in decreased social interactions between different ethnic, racial or re ...
* Ghetto
A ghetto, often called ''the'' ghetto, is a part of a city in which members of a minority group live, especially as a result of political, social, legal, environmental or economic pressure. Ghettos are often known for being more impoverished t ...
* Parallel Polis Parallel Polis is a socio-political concept created by Czech political thinker and dissident Vaclav Benda in connection with the informal civic initiative, Charter 77. Benda and other philosophers sought to build a theoretical framework for social ...
, the deliberate creation of a parallel society to overcome oppressive systems
* Sensitive urban zone (France)
* Particularly vulnerable public housing area (Denmark)
"Particularly vulnerable public housing area" ( da, Særligt udsat alment boligområde) is an official term for district in Denmark which according to the government has social problems, and usually has a majority population of "non-Western" ethnic ...
* Vulnerable area (Sweden)
Vulnerable area ( sv, Utsatt område) is a term applied by police in Sweden to areas with high crime rates and social exclusion. In the December 2015 report, these areas numbered 53. In the June 2017 report, these totalled 61. The increase is repo ...
References
German words and phrases
Identity politics
Multiculturalism
Society
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