Par or PAR may refer to:

Finance

Par value Par value, in finance and accounting, means stated value or face value. From this come the expressions at par (at the par value), over par (over par value) and under par (under par value). Bonds A Bond_(finance), bond selling at par is priced at 1 ...

, stated value or face value in finance and accounting *

Par yield In finance, par yield (or par value yield) is the yield on a fixed income security assuming that its market price is equal to par value (also known as face value or nominal value). Par yield is used to derive the U.S. Treasury’s daily officia ...

or par rate, in finance

Games

Par (score) In golf, par is the predetermined number of strokes that a proficient (scratch, or zero handicap) golfer should require to complete a hole, a round (the sum of the pars of the played holes), or a tournament (the sum of the pars of each round). ...

, the number of strokes a scratch golfer should require to complete a hole, round or tournament *

Par (golf scoring format) Par, or bogey, is a scoring system used mostly in amateur and club golf. It is a stroke play format played against the course, with match play scoring based on the number of strokes taken on each hole compared to a fixed score, usually the par o ...

, an alternative to Stableford and normal stroke play * Par contract, in contract bridge

Organizations

Businesses

Pan Am Railways Pan Am Railways, Inc. (PAR) is a subsidiary of CSX Corporation that operates Class II regional railroads covering northern New England from Mattawamkeag, Maine, to Rotterdam Junction, New York. Pan Am Railways is primarily made up of former Clas ...

, an American holding company *

Par Pharmaceutical Endo International plc is an American Irish-domiciled generics and specialty branded pharmaceutical company that generated over 93% of its 2017 sales from the U.S. healthcare system. While Endo's management, operations, and customers are almost ...

, now part of Endo International *

PaR Systems PAR Systems, Inc, is a systems engineering firm headquartered in Shoreview, Minnesota, specializing in automated manufacturing and material handling equipment. subsidiaries include Jered LLC, specializing in marine equipment and cargo handling sys ...

, an American automation company

Politicial parties

Aragonese Party The Aragonese Party ( es, Partido Aragonés, PAR) is a political party which advocates the interests of Aragon within Spain. The party was founded in 1978 under the name Aragonese Regionalist Party, but changed its name in 1990, keeping the initia ...

(''Partido Aragonés'', PAR), Spain *

Movement For! Movement For! ( lv, Kustība Par!) is a liberal political party in Latvia.

(''Kustība Par!''), Latvia *

Party for the Restructured Antilles The Real Alternative Party ( nl, Echte Alternatieve Partij; pap, Partido Alternativa Real, PAR), formerly the Party for the Restructured Antilles ( nl, Partij voor Geherstructureerde Antillen, pap, Partido Antiá Restrukturá) until 2016, is a p ...

(''Partido Antiá Restrukturá'', PAR), Curaçao * Revolutionary Action Party ('Partido Acción Revolucionaria', PAR), Guatemala

Other organizations

* Parkinson Association of the Rockies, a not-for-profit organization *

Pretoria Armoured Regiment The Pretoria Armour Regiment (formerly the Pretoria Regiment) is a reserve armoured regiment of the South African Army. History Origin The regiment was formed in Pretoria on 1 July 1913 as the 12th Infantry (Pretoria Regiment) – a unit of t ...

, an armour regiment of the South African Army

Places

Par, Cornwall Par ( kw, An Porth, meaning ''creek'' or ''harbour''Henry Jenner, ''A Handbook of the Cornish Language: Chiefly in Its Latest Stages, with Some Account of its History and Literature'', Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 1904 reprinted 2012 ...

, England **

Par railway station Par railway station serves the villages of Par, Tywardreath and St Blazey, Cornwall, England. The station is from via . It is the junction for the Atlantic Coast Line to . The station is managed by Great Western Railway, which operates the ...

* Par, Iran *

Par, Vologda Oblast Par (russian: Пар) is a rural locality (a village) in Markushevskoye Rural Settlement, Tarnogsky District Tarnogsky District (russian: Та́рногский райо́н) is an administrativeLaw #371-OZ and municipalLaw #1123-OZ district (raio ...

, Russia * Par, Tibet *

Philippine Area of Responsibility The Philippine Area of Responsibility (PAR) is an area in the Northwestern Pacific where PAGASA, the Philippines' national meteorological agency, monitors weather occurrences. Significant weather disturbances, specifically tropical cyclones tha ...

, a weather monitoring area in the northwest Pacific *

Paraguay Paraguay (; ), officially the Republic of Paraguay ( es, República del Paraguay, links=no; gn, Tavakuairetã Paraguái, links=si), is a landlocked country in South America. It is bordered by Argentina to the south and southwest, Brazil to th ...

Parkesburg station Parkesburg station is an Amtrak train station located at West First Avenue and South Culvert Street in Parkesburg, Pennsylvania. It is served by most Amtrak ''Keystone Service'' trains. A station building exists at the stop, but is not currently u ...

, Pennsylvania, U.S., station code PAR * PAR,

IATA airport code An IATA airport code, also known as an IATA location identifier, IATA station code, or simply a location identifier, is a three-character alphanumeric geocode designating many airports and metropolitan areas around the world, defined by the ...

for the metropolital area of Paris, France *

Par River (disambiguation) Par River may refer to several rivers: * Par River, Cornwall, England * Par River (Gujarat), India * Par River (Arunachal Pradesh) The Par River is a river of Arunachal Pradesh in the northeast of the Republic of India. It has a basin of , of whic ...

, the name of several rivers

Science and technology

Biology and medicine

Par (fly) Par or PAR may refer to: Finance * Par value, stated value or face value in finance and accounting * Par yield or par rate, in finance Games * Par (score), the number of strokes a scratch golfer should require to complete a hole, round or tourna ...

, a signal fly in the family Platystomatidae *

Photosynthetically active radiation Photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) designates the spectral range (wave band) of solar radiation from 400 to 700 nanometers that photosynthetic organisms are able to use in the process of photosynthesis. This spectral region corresponds more o ...

, a range of solar radiation *

Post-anesthesia recovery A post-anesthesia care unit, often abbreviated PACU and sometimes referred to as post-anesthesia recovery or PAR, or simply Recovery, is a vital part of hospitals, ambulatory care centers, and other medical facilities. Patients who received gener ...

, part of a hospital *

Predictive adaptive response A predictive adaptive response (PAR) is a developmental trajectory taken by an organism during a period of developmental plasticity in response to perceived environmental cues. This PAR does not confer an immediate advantage to the developing organi ...

in biology *

Protease-activated receptor Protease-activated receptors (PAR) are a subfamily of related G protein-coupled receptors that are activated by cleavage of part of their extracellular domain. They are highly expressed in platelets, and also on endothelial cells, myocytes an ...

s PAR1, PAR2, PAR3, PAR4 *

Pseudoautosomal region The pseudoautosomal regions, PAR1, PAR2, are homologous sequences of nucleotides on the X and Y chromosomes. The pseudoautosomal regions get their name because any genes within them (so far at least 29 have been found for humans) are inherited ...

s on sex chromosomes

Computing

par (command) The computer program par is a text formatting utility for Unix and Unix-like operating systems, written by Adam M. Costello as a replacement for the fmt command. Par reformats paragraphs of text to fit into a given line length optimally, keeping ...

, a text formatting utility for Unix *

Page address register A page address register (PAR) contains the physical addresses of pages currently held in the main memory of a computer system. PARs are used in order to avoid excessive use of an address table in some operating systems. A PAR may check a page's nu ...

, containing physical addresses *

Perl Archive Toolkit Perl Archive Toolkit (PAR) is a cross-platform packaging and deployment tool for computer applications and libraries written in the Perl programming language. Its name is inspired by Java's JAR (file format) technology. It was originally developed ...

, a deployment tool * Personal Animation Recorder, video capture for Amiga computers *

Pixel aspect ratio Pixel aspect ratio (often abbreviated PAR) is a mathematical ratio that describes how the width of a pixel in a digital image compares to the height of that pixel. Most digital imaging systems display an image as a grid of tiny, square pixe ...

, in digital imaging * .par, .par2, .par3, filename extensions of

Parchive Parchive (a portmanteau of parity archive, and formally known as Parity Volume Set Specification) is an erasure code system that produces par files for checksum verification of data integrity, with the capability to perform data recovery operatio ...

Other uses in science and technology

Parabolic aluminized reflector A parabolic aluminized reflector lamp (PAR lamp or simply PAR) is a type of electric lamp that is widely used in commercial, residential, and transportation illumination. It produces a highly directional beam. Usage includes theatrical lightin ...

, PAR lamp or PAR, a type of electric lamp *

Participatory action research Participatory action research (PAR) is an approach to action research emphasizing participation and action by members of communities affected by that research. It seeks to understand the world by trying to change it, collaboratively and following ...

, a social sciences research approach *

Passive autocatalytic recombiner Passive autocatalytic recombiner (PAR) is a device that removes hydrogen from the containment of a nuclear power plant during an accident. Its purpose is to prevent hydrogen explosions. Recombiners come into action spontaneously as soon as the hyd ...

, device that removes hydrogen from a nuclear power plant during an accident *

Par meter Par or PAR may refer to: Finance * Par value, stated value or face value in finance and accounting * Par yield or par rate, in finance Games * Par (score), the number of strokes a scratch golfer should require to complete a hole, round or tourna ...

, to measure peak-to-average ratio in an electrical circuit *

Precision approach radar Precision approach radar (PAR) is a type of radar guidance system designed to provide lateral and vertical guidance to an aircraft pilot for landing, until the landing threshold is reached. Controllers monitoring the PAR displays observe each airc ...

, a radar guidance system