Papyrus 100
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Papyrus 100 (in the Gregory-Aland numbering), designated by
siglum Scribal abbreviations or sigla (singular: siglum) are abbreviations used by ancient and medieval scribes writing in various languages, including Latin, Greek, Old English and Old Norse. In modern manuscript editing (substantive and mechanica ...
𝔓100, is an early copy of the
New Testament The New Testament grc, Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, transl. ; la, Novum Testamentum. (NT) is the second division of the Christian biblical canon. It discusses the teachings and person of Jesus, as well as events in first-century Christ ...
in Greek. It is a
papyrus Papyrus ( ) is a material similar to thick paper that was used in ancient times as a writing surface. It was made from the pith of the papyrus plant, '' Cyperus papyrus'', a wetland sedge. ''Papyrus'' (plural: ''papyri'') can also refer to a ...
manuscript A manuscript (abbreviated MS for singular and MSS for plural) was, traditionally, any document written by hand – or, once practical typewriters became available, typewritten – as opposed to mechanically printing, printed or repr ...
of the
Epistle of James The Epistle of James). is a general epistle and one of the 21 epistles ( didactic letters) in the New Testament. James 1:1 identifies the author as "James, a servant of God and of the Lord Jesus Christ" who is writing to "the twelve tribes ...
. The surviving texts of James are verses 3:13-4:4; 4:9-5:1, they are in a fragmentary condition. The manuscript has been assigned paleographically to the late 3rd century, or early 4th century.Philip W. Comfort, ''Encountering the Manuscripts. An Introduction to New Testament Paleography & Textual Criticism'', Nashville, Tennessee: Broadman & Holman Publishers, 2005, p. 75.


Text

The Greek text of the codex is a representative of the
Alexandrian text-type In textual criticism of the New Testament, the Alexandrian text-type is one of the main text types. It is the text type favored by the majority of modern textual critics and it is the basis for most modern (after 1900) Bible translations. Over 5,8 ...
. According to textual scholar Philip Comfort, 𝔓100 "generally concurs" with the Alexandrian witnesses, 𝔓74 א A and B. , it has not yet been placed in any of
Kurt Aland Kurt Aland (28 March 1915 – 13 April 1994) was a German theologian and biblical scholar who specialized in New Testament textual criticism. He founded the '' Institut für neutestamentliche Textforschung'' (Institute for New Testament Textua ...
's
categories of New Testament manuscripts New Testament manuscripts in Greek are categorized into five groups, according to a scheme introduced in 1981 by Kurt and Barbara Aland in ''The Text of the New Testament''. The categories are based on how each manuscript relates to the vari ...
. : James 3:13-18 : 13 – ειξατω εκ τηςκαλης αν σροφης τα ερ α αυτου εν πραυητι σοφια 14 ει δ ζηλον ικρον εχετεκαι̣ ε̣ρειθε̣ι̣αν εν τη καρ ια υμων μη καακαυχασθε και ψεδε̣υ θε κατα της αλθειας 15 κ εστ̣ι̣ν αυτη σοφια ανωθενκατ̣ερχομε̣ν̣ α̣λ̣λ ε̣πι̣γ̣ι ς ψυχικη δαιμ̣νιωδης 16 οπου γαρ ζη ος και εριθεια ε̣ει ακαστασια και παν αυλον πραγμα17 η̣ δ̣ε̣ ανωθεν σοφια πρω ον μεν αγνη εστι επειτα ειρηνικη επι ικης ευπειθηςμ̣εστη ελεους κα̣ι καρ ων αγαθων αδιακρ̣τ̣ ςκ̣α̣ι α̣νυ̣ποκρι ος18 αρπος δε δι̣αι συνη̣ εν ειρηνη πειρεται τοις ποιυσ ν ει̣ηνη̣ : James 4:1-14 : 1 πο̣θεν̣ ολεμοι και ποθεν μαχαιεν υμε̣ι̣ν ουκ ντευθεν εκ των ηονω̣ν υμων των̣ τρατευομενων εν τοιςμ̣ελ̣ε̣ ι υμ̣ ̣ 2 πιθυμειτε και ουκ εχετεφονε̣υ̣ετε και ηλουτε και ου δ̣να θ̣ επιτυ̣ ̣ μα εσθε και πολεμ̣ιτε ουκ ε̣χ̣ε̣τ̣ε δι̣α το μη ιτεισθαι υμας3 α̣ιτειτε κ ιο̣υ λαμβανε̣ ε διοτι κακωςαι̣ ̣ι̣τε να νταις ηδο̣ αις υμων α̣ανησητ̣ 4 οιχ̣λιδε ουκ οιδατε οτι η φιλι̣ τ̣ο̣υ κ̣ο̣ μου εχθρ ου θυ̅ εστιν ος εαν ουν βουληθηφ̣ιλο – 9 – : εις π θος μ̣ετατραπη ω και η χαραεις κατηφιαν 10 ταπεινω ητε ενωπι̣ν του κυ̅ και υψωσ̣ υμ ς11 η καταλαε̣ι̣τε αλληλων αδελφο ο καταλαλωναδελ̣φο̣υ̣ η κ ινων τ ν αδελφον αυου καταλαλει ν̣ομου κα̣ κρινει νομονει δε νον κρινεις̣ ουκ ε ποιητης νομουαλλα κρ ης 12 εις εστιν ν̣ μοθετης καικριτης ο δυναμενος̣ ωσαι και απολεαι συ δε τις ει ο κρινω̣ τον πλησιον13 αγε νυν οι λεγοντες̣ ση ερον η αυριν πορευσ μεθα εις τηνδε την πολιν καιπ̣οιησομ̣εν εκ̣ ι ειαυ̣ ον και εμποευσο εα κα̣ ερη ομεν14 ιτινεςουκ ε̣πι ̣α̣σθε̣ ο της αυριον ποιαγαρ̣ ζω̣η̣ υ̣μ ν ατμις γαρ εστε η προςο̣λιγ̣ον̣ φαιν̣ μενη επειτα και αφα̣ιζο̣μ̣ε̣ν̣η̣ : James 4:15-17 : 15 ντιτ̣ο̣ λεγειν υμας εανο̣ κς̣̅ ε̣η̣σ̣η̣ κ̣αι̣ ζησ μεν και ποιηομ̣ε̣ τ̣ο̣ τ̣ η̣ εκε ̣ 16 υν δε καυα̣σ̣θ εν ταιςα̣ ̣ζον ιαις υμων παα κα χησιςτ̣ο̣ι̣αυτ̣η̣ ονηρα εστιν17 ε̣ι̣ οτι ουνκ̣αλον πο̣ι̣ ιν και μη ποι̣υ̣ τι αμαρτια αυτω εστιν : James 5:1 : 1 γε νυνο̣ πλουσιοι κλαυσατε ολολυζοντες


Location

The manuscript is currently housed at the
Ashmolean Museum The Ashmolean Museum of Art and Archaeology () on Beaumont Street, Oxford, England, is Britain's first public museum. Its first building was erected in 1678–1683 to house the cabinet of curiosities that Elias Ashmole gave to the University of ...
(P. Oxy. 4449) at
Oxford Oxford () is a city in England. It is the county town and only city of Oxfordshire. In 2020, its population was estimated at 151,584. It is north-west of London, south-east of Birmingham and north-east of Bristol. The city is home to the ...
.


See also

* List of New Testament papyri *
Oxyrhynchus Papyri The Oxyrhynchus Papyri are a group of manuscripts discovered during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries by papyrologists Bernard Pyne Grenfell and Arthur Surridge Hunt at an ancient rubbish dump near Oxyrhynchus in Egypt (, mo ...


References


Further reading

* R. Hubner, ''The Oxyrhynchus Papyri LXV'' (London: 1998), pp. 24–29. *


External links


Images


P.Oxy.LXVI 4449
from Papyrology at Oxford's "POxy: Oxyrhynchus Online"
𝔓100 recto James 3:13-4:4

𝔓100 verso James 4:9-5:1


Official registration


"Continuation of the Manuscript List"
Institute for New Testament Textual Research, University of Münster. Retrieved April 9, 2008 {{DEFAULTSORT:Papyrus 0100 New Testament papyri 3rd-century biblical manuscripts Early Greek manuscripts of the New Testament Epistle of James papyri