The Panzerwiese is a 200

hectare The hectare (; SI symbol: ha) is a non-SI metric unit of area equal to a square with 100-metre sides (1 hm2), or 10,000 m2, and is primarily used in the measurement of land. There are 100 hectares in one square kilometre. An acre is a ...

heath A heath () is a shrubland habitat found mainly on free-draining infertile, acidic soils and characterised by open, low-growing woody vegetation. Moorland is generally related to high-ground heaths with—especially in Great Britain—a cooler ...

area in

Milbertshofen-Am Hart Milbertshofen (Central Bavarian: ''Muibatshofa''), Am Riesenfeld and Am Hart (Central Bavarian: ''Am Hoart'') are three boroughs situated in the north of Munich in Germany. Jointly, they form the city district 11 Milbertshofen-Am Hart. , the t ...

in the north of

Munich Munich ( ; german: München ; bar, Minga ) is the capital and most populous city of the States of Germany, German state of Bavaria. With a population of 1,558,395 inhabitants as of 31 July 2020, it is the List of cities in Germany by popu ...

Germany Germany,, officially the Federal Republic of Germany, is a country in Central Europe. It is the second most populous country in Europe after Russia, and the most populous member state of the European Union. Germany is situated betwe ...

. It bears its name due to its former military use as a training area for tanks (german: Panzer and meadow german: Wiese). The name "Nordhaide" is often used analogously to Panzerwiese due to the settlement of the same name. It is part of the "

Naturschutzgebiet A ''Naturschutzgebiet'' (abbreviated NSG) is a category of protected area (nature reserve) within Germany's Federal Nature Conservation Act (the ''Bundesnaturschutzgesetz'' or ''BNatSchG''). Although often translated as 'Nature Reserve' in Engli ...

" (protected nature area) Panzerwiese und

Hartelholz Hartelholz is a forest in the north of Munich, Germany. It is located north of the Panzerwiese in the boroughs of Feldmoching-Hasenbergl and Milbertshofen-Am Hart Milbertshofen (Central Bavarian: ''Muibatshofa''), Am Riesenfeld and Am Ha ...

. It belongs to the Munich Green Belt. It has been registered with the EU as a Fauna-Flora-Habitat area (heathland and

turf Sod, also known as turf, is the upper layer of soil with the grass growing on it that is often harvested into rolls. In Australian and British English, sod is more commonly known as ''turf'', and the word "sod" is limited mainly to agricult ...

forests north of Munich).

Location

North of it lies a forest area, the Hartelholz, northeast the Fröttmaninger Heide and in the south settlement areas along the Neuherbergstraße. In the west the meadow is bordered by Schleißheimer Straße (near

Goldschmiedplatz The Goldschmiedplatz is a 2.31-hectare urban open space at the northern end of Schleißheimer Straße in Munich's Hasenbergl district. It was originally a combined bus and train stop and is now a meeting place for residents and activity area. ...

) and in the east by

Ingolstädter Straße The Ingolstädter Straße in the Munich district of Milbertshofen-Am Hart and Schwabing-Freimann is a 4 kilometer long exit road heading North, where it connects there with Leopoldstraße. Description The Ingolstädter Straße runs from the en ...

or Ingolstädter Landstraße (B13). The Panzerwiese is located between the districts Hasenbergl and

Harthof Harthof is a district in the north of the Bavarian capital Munich. It is located in districts 11 Milbertshofen-Am Hart and 24 Feldmoching-Hasenbergl. Harthof consists of medium-sized housing estates (mainly west of Schleißheimer Straße and ea ...

(district Milbertshofen-Am Hart, district Am Hart) and Neuherberg.

Characteristics

File:Panzerwiese_GO-7.jpg File:Schafe auf Panzerwiese Muenchen.jpg File:Panzerwiese im Herbst mit Blick zum Hartelholz.JPG The Panzerwiese is located in the Munich gravel plain in the subarea of the Garching gravel tongue on the glacial gravel deposits of the

Isar The Isar is a river in Tyrol, Austria, and Bavaria, Germany, which is not navigable for watercraft above raft size. Its source is in the Karwendel range of the Alps in Tyrol; it enters Germany near Mittenwald and flows through Bad Tölz, Munic ...

. The soil type is a shallow and nutrient-poor harvestation soil with high water permeability and low filtration capacity. The meadow is overgrown with limestone meadows and represents about one third of the remaining heath area of the Munich gravel plain. The meadow is practically treeless and shrubless. Only with the construction of the settlement "Nordhaide" were trees planted in the residential area. About 180 plant species were identified on the Panzerwiese, 23 of which are listed on the

Red List The International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN) Red List of Threatened Species, also known as the IUCN Red List or Red Data Book, founded in 1964, is the world's most comprehensive inventory of the global conservation status of biologi ...

, for example the Clusius gentian. In addition, the Panzerwiese meadow with the hardwood to the north provides habitat for various animal species (

partridge A partridge is a medium-sized Galliformes, galliform bird in any of several genera, with a wide Indigenous (ecology), native distribution throughout parts of Europe, Asia and Africa. Several species have been introduced to the Americas. They a ...

sparrow hawk Sparrowhawk (sometimes sparrow hawk) may refer to several species of small hawk in the genus ''Accipiter''. "Sparrow-hawk" or sparhawk originally referred to ''Accipiter nisus'', now called "Eurasian" or "northern" sparrowhawk to distinguish it f ...

wild rabbit Wild, wild, wilds or wild may refer to: Common meanings * Wild animal * Wilderness, a wild natural environment * Wildness, the quality of being wild or untamed Art, media and entertainment Film and television * ''Wild'' (2014 film), a 2014 ...

or various bee species), of which 35 species are on the Red List. From the early summer of each year, the Panzerwiese is also used as a

sheep Sheep or domestic sheep (''Ovis aries'') are domesticated, ruminant mammals typically kept as livestock. Although the term ''sheep'' can apply to other species in the genus ''Ovis'', in everyday usage it almost always refers to domesticated s ...

pasture.

History

Neubaugebiet suedliche Panzerwiese Muenchen

Until the end of the 1980s the Panzerwiese was used as a

military A military, also known collectively as armed forces, is a heavily armed, highly organized force primarily intended for warfare. It is typically authorized and maintained by a sovereign state, with its members identifiable by their distinct ...

training area ("Training Area Warner Kaserne" - M-T-238); until the end of the 1960s the airfield Warner Strip was found here and was closed to the public, some concrete fragments still remind us of this past. As the blockade was only communicated by isolated signs and was not visibly monitored, especially from the mid-1970s onwards, civilian use by walkers and children already prevailed at this time. The city of Munich bought the site in 1994. The open space was to be developed in order to counter the tense housing market in Munich. An expert opinion already drawn up in 1990, referring to the ecological significance, came to the conclusion that only the southern part of the meadow should be developed. The settlement known as Nordhaide comprises several three- to eight-storey apartment blocks with around 2,500 residential units, including a student residence, as well as various commercial areas (medical centre, Mira shopping centre and others). Until 1993, the underground line U2 was extended from Scheidplatz to Dülferstraße. The line passes under the south-western part of the Panzerwiese between

and Dülferstraße. The tunnel and the double-track railway station were mostly built in an open cut, as the Panzerwiese was still undeveloped at that time. The exit of the underground station Dülferstraße to the Panzerwiese was not completed until 2002, since there was no need for it before due to a lack of residential buildings. Together with the hardwood bordering to the north and reaching up to the A 99, the remaining area of the Panzerwiese - total area with forest about 280 hectares - was designated a protected nature reserve on 5 June 2002 and registered with the EU as a fauna-flora habitat area.

References

External link

Protected Nature reserve "Panzerwiese und Hartelholz"
{{coord, 48.217, N, 11.576, E, type:landmark_region:DE_dim:2000, display=title Parks and open spaces in Munich Heaths Nature reserves in Bavaria Milbertshofen-Am Hart