Louis Marie Pantaléon Costa, Marquis de Beauregard (19 June 1806 – 19 September 1864) was a French statesman,

archaeologist Archaeology or archeology is the study of human activity through the recovery and analysis of material culture. The archaeological record consists of Artifact (archaeology), artifacts, architecture, biofact (archaeology), biofacts or ecofacts, ...

, historian and

ornithologist Ornithology, from Ancient Greek ὄρνις (''órnis''), meaning "bird", and -logy from λόγος (''lógos''), meaning "study", is a branch of zoology dedicated to the study of birds. Several aspects of ornithology differ from related discip ...

Early life

Costa de Beauregard was born at

Bouvesse-Quirieu Bouvesse-Quirieu () is a Communes of France, commune in the Isère Departments of France, department in southeastern France. Population The inhabitants of Bouvesse-Quirieu are called ''Bouvessards.'' Historical population movements Since the ...

on 19 June 1806. He was the eldest son, and third child, of Henri Maurice ''Victor'' François Régis Costa, Marquis de Beauregard (1779–1836) and Catherine ''Élisabeth'' de Quinson (1785–1832). He was a grandson of Joseph Henry Costa de Beauregard, who was raised Marquis de Beauregard by the

Duke of Savoy The titles of the count of Savoy, and then duke of Savoy, are titles of nobility attached to the historical territory of Savoy. Since its creation, in the 11th century, the House of Savoy held the county. Several of these rulers ruled as kings at ...

(King

Victor Amadeus II Victor Amadeus II (; 14 May 166631 October 1732) was the head of the House of Savoy and ruler of the Savoyard states from 12 June 1675 until his abdication in 1730. He was the first of his house to acquire a royal crown, ruling first as King o ...

) in 1700 by

letters patent Letters patent (plurale tantum, plural form for singular and plural) are a type of legal instrument in the form of a published written order issued by a monarch, President (government title), president or other head of state, generally granti ...

Career

Costa was a member of the Savoyard nobility and a

diplomat A diplomat (from ; romanization, romanized ''diploma'') is a person appointed by a state (polity), state, International organization, intergovernmental, or Non-governmental organization, nongovernmental institution to conduct diplomacy with one ...

Sardinia Sardinia ( ; ; ) is the Mediterranean islands#By area, second-largest island in the Mediterranean Sea, after Sicily, and one of the Regions of Italy, twenty regions of Italy. It is located west of the Italian Peninsula, north of Tunisia an ...

, friend and aide to

King King is a royal title given to a male monarch. A king is an Absolute monarchy, absolute monarch if he holds unrestricted Government, governmental power or exercises full sovereignty over a nation. Conversely, he is a Constitutional monarchy, ...

Charles Albert (who served as the

King of Sardinia Sardinia is traditionally known to have been initially ruled by the Nuragic civilization, which was followed by Greek colonization, conquest by the Carthagians, Carthaginians, and occupied by the Ancient Rome, Romans for around a thousand years, ...

from 1831 until his abdication in March 1849 in favor of his eldest son,

Victor Emmanuel II Victor Emmanuel II (; full name: ''Vittorio Emanuele Maria Alberto Eugenio Ferdinando Tommaso di Savoia''; 14 March 1820 – 9 January 1878) was King of Sardinia (also informally known as Piedmont–Sardinia) from 23 March 1849 until 17 March ...

). He was a member of the

Académie des sciences The French Academy of Sciences (, ) is a learned society, founded in 1666 by Louis XIV at the suggestion of Jean-Baptiste Colbert, to encourage and protect the spirit of French Scientific method, scientific research. It was at the forefron ...

, belles-lettres et arts de Savoie (1828) and was made a

Commander of the Legion of Honour The National Order of the Legion of Honour ( ), formerly the Imperial Order of the Legion of Honour (), is the highest and most prestigious French national order of merit, both military and civil. Currently consisting of five classes, it was ...

and a Knight of the

Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus The Order of Saints Maurice and Lazarus () (abbreviated OSSML) is a Roman Catholic dynastic order of knighthood bestowed by the royal House of Savoy. It is the second-oldest order of knighthood in the world, tracing its lineage to AD 1098, a ...

. As an ornithologist he was an avid collector, especially of

hummingbird Hummingbirds are birds native to the Americas and comprise the Family (biology), biological family Trochilidae. With approximately 366 species and 113 genus, genera, they occur from Alaska to Tierra del Fuego, but most species are found in Cen ...

Costa's hummingbird Costa's hummingbird ('' Calypte costae'') is a species of hummingbird in the family Trochilidae. It breeds in the arid, semi-arid and Mediterranean climate zones of the Southwestern United States and northwestern Mexico, mainly in Southern C ...

was named in his honour by

Jules Bourcier Claude Marie Jules Bourcier (19 February 1797 – 9 March 1873) was a French naturalist and expert on hummingbirds.Prosopo ...

.Early Southwest Ornithologists, 1528-1900, by Dan Lewis Fischer, page 18

Political career

Beauregard refused a seat in the Senate proposed by

Emperor The word ''emperor'' (from , via ) can mean the male ruler of an empire. ''Empress'', the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), mother/grandmother (empress dowager/grand empress dowager), or a woman who rules ...

Napoleon III Napoleon III (Charles-Louis Napoléon Bonaparte; 20 April 18089 January 1873) was President of France from 1848 to 1852 and then Emperor of the French from 1852 until his deposition in 1870. He was the first president, second emperor, and last ...

in 1860, however, he became general councilor of the

canton Canton may refer to: Administrative divisions * Canton (administrative division), territorial/administrative division in some countries * Township (Canada), known as ''canton'' in Canadian French Arts and entertainment * Canton (band), an It ...

of Chambéry-Nord (in the Arrondissement of Chambéry) the same year and was elected president of the new General Council of

Savoie Savoie (; Arpitan: ''Savouè'' or ''Savouè-d'Avâl''; English: ''Savoy'' ) is a department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region, Southeastern France. Located in the French Alps, its prefecture is Chambéry. In 2019, Savoie had a population o ...

, holding these offices until his death in 1864. In his role as president of the Council, and together with Baron Frédéric d'Alexandry d'Orengiani (the mayor of Chambéry and the first Senator of Savoie, he welcomed Napoleon III and

Empress The word ''emperor'' (from , via ) can mean the male ruler of an empire. ''Empress'', the female equivalent, may indicate an emperor's wife (empress consort), mother/grandmother (empress dowager/grand empress dowager), or a woman who rules ...

Eugénie on 27 August 1860 during the imperial trip to Savoy. During their visit, a ball was given in their honor at the city theater, and the marquis danced with the Empress.

Personal life

On 12 May 1834, he was married to Marthe Augustine de Saint-Georges de Vérac (1812–1884), the youngest daughter of Euphémie de Noailles (a daughter of

Louis Marc Antoine de Noailles Louis Marie de Noailles (17 April 17567 January 1804) was a French Army officer and politician who served in the American Revolutionary War and French Revolutionary Wars. The second son of Philippe, duc de Mouchy, he was a member of Mouchy branc ...

, Viscount of Noailles) and

Olivier de Saint-Georges de Vérac Olivier is the French form of the given name Oliver. It may refer to: * Olivier (given name), a list of people and fictional characters * Olivier (surname), a list of people * Château Olivier, a Bordeaux winery *Olivier, Louisiana, a rural popul ...

, Marquis de Vérac, a ''

maréchal de camp ''Maréchal de camp'' (sometimes incorrectly translated as field marshal) was a general officer rank used by the French Army until 1848. The rank originated from the older rank of sergeant major general ( French: ''sergent-major général'') ...

'' who served as governor of the

Château de Versailles The Palace of Versailles ( ; ) is a former royal residence commissioned by King Louis XIV located in Versailles, about west of Paris, in the Yvelines Department of Île-de-France region in France. The palace is owned by the government of F ...

. Together, they were the parents of eleven children, including: * ''Charles-Albert''-Marie Costa, Marquis de Beauregard (1835–1909), who married Emilie Pourroy de l'Aubérivière de Quinsonas (1841–1929), a daughter of the Adolphe de Pourroy de l'Aubérivière, 4th Marquis de Quinsonas. * Camille-''Josselin''-Marie-Victor Costa, Marquis de Beauregard (1836–1916), who married Béatrix Marie Antoinette Budes de Guébriant (1840–1898) in 1864. * Count Armand-Marie-''Henri''-Olivier Costa de Beauregard (1838–1921), the former secretary of the embassy. * Count Gabriel-Marie-''Paul'' Costa de Beauregard (1839–1901), who married his cousin Marie-Pauline Herminie de Rougé, a daughter of Count Adolphe de Rougé and Marie de Saint-Georges de Vérac, in 1869. * Count ''Camille''-Jean-Adolphe-Marie Costa de Beauregard (1841–1910), Canon of

Chambéry Chambéry (, , ; Franco-Provençal, Arpitan: ''Chambèri'') is the Prefectures in France, prefecture and List of communes in France with over 20,000 inhabitants, largest city of the Savoie Departments of France, department in the southeastern ...

. * ''Élisabeth'' Gasparine Marie Costa de Beauregard (1842–1843), who died young. * François-Marie-Pantaléon Costa de Beauregard (1844–1844), who died young. * ''Félicie''-Louise-Marie Costa de Beauregard (1845–1893), who married Henri Fernand ''Jules'' de Prunelé, Marquis de Prunelé (1836–1897) of the

Château de Trécesson The Château de Trécesson is a medieval castle in the Brittany region of France. It is located in the '' commune'' of Campénéac near the Paimpont forest and on the edge of the military camp of Coëtquidan. It is a private property. It has ...

in 1866. * ''Alix''-Fernande-Marie Costa de Beauregard (1847–1915), a member of the Daughters of Charity. * Count Charles-Albert-Marie-''Olivier'' Costa de Beauregard (1848–1870), a Second Lt. with the

Lancers A lancer was a type of cavalryman who fought with a lance. Lances were used for mounted warfare in Assyria as early as and subsequently by India, Egypt, China, Persia, Greece, and Rome. The weapon was widely used throughout Eurasia during the M ...

who died at the

Battle of Sedan The Battle of Sedan was fought during the Franco-Prussian War from 1 to 2 September 1870. Resulting in the capture of Napoleon III, Emperor Napoleon III and over a hundred thousand troops, it effectively decided the war in favour of Prussia and ...

during the

Franco-Prussian War The Franco-Prussian War or Franco-German War, often referred to in France as the War of 1870, was a conflict between the Second French Empire and the North German Confederation led by the Kingdom of Prussia. Lasting from 19 July 1870 to 28 Janua ...

. * ''Marie-Antoinette''-Charlotte-Stéphanie (1850–1875), who married Arthur-Ettiene de Lancrau, Count de Bréon (1843–1904), in 1872. Beauregard died on 19 September 1864 at

La Motte-Servolex La Motte-Servolex (; ) is a commune in the Savoie department in the Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes region in south-eastern France. It is part of the urban area of Chambéry. He was succeeded in the

marquisate A marquess (; ) is a nobleman of high hereditary rank in various European peerages and in those of some of their former colonies. The German-language equivalent is Markgraf (margrave). A woman with the rank of a marquess or the wife (or widow) ...

by his eldest son, Charles.

Descendants

Through his eldest son Charles, he was a grandfather of Léontine Marie Eugénie Costa de Beauregard (1866–1944), who married Armand Edouard Marie Georges, Prince de Broglie-Revel (1856–1942). Through his second son Josselin, he was grandfather of ''Ferdinand''-François-Marie-Pantaléon-Victurnien Costa, Marquis de Beauregard (1865–1953), who married Marie-Madeleine-Emilie-Victorine-Augustine Crombez in 1886.

References

External links

Pantaléon Costa de Beauregard Louis Marie Pantaléon Costa, Marquis de Beauregard (19 June 1806 – 19 September 1864) was a French statesman, archaeologist, historian and Ornithology, ornithologist. Early life Costa de Beauregard was born at Bouvesse-Quirieu on 19 June ...

(Fr) {{DEFAULTSORT:Costa, Louie Marie Panteleon 1806 births 1864 deaths Louis Marie French ornithologists