Panjin Mengzun
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Panjin () is a coastal prefecture-level city in central
Liaoning province Liaoning () is a coastal provinces of China, province in Northeast China that is the smallest, southernmost, and most populous province in the region. With its capital at Shenyang, it is located on the northern shore of the Yellow Sea, and i ...
, People's Republic of China, situated on the northern shore of the Liaodong Bay. It borders Anshan to the east, Yingkou to the southeast, and Jinzhou to the west and north. It is the smallest city in both Liaoning and the entire Northeast China with an administrative area of , and Liaoning's least populous city with a population of 1,389,691 people as of the 2020 census, all in the built-up (or metro) area made of the 2 urban districts and Dawa and Panshan counties now largely being conurbated.


Administration

Panjin has administrative jurisdiction over 3 districts and 1 county. Panjin was established as a prefecture-level city with its current boundaries by the
State Council State Council may refer to: Government * State Council of the Republic of Korea, the national cabinet of South Korea, headed by the President * State Council of the People's Republic of China, the national cabinet and chief administrative auth ...
on June 5, 1984.


Geography

Panjin is located between 40°40'−41°27' N and 121°31'−122°28' E, with its urban section mainly on the historical
Liao River The Liao River () is the principal river in southern Northeast China, and one of the seven main river systems in China. Its name derived from the Liao region, a historical name for southern Manchuria, from which the Liaoning province, Liaodong P ...
Delta Delta commonly refers to: * Delta (letter) (Δ or δ), a letter of the Greek alphabet * River delta, at a river mouth * D (NATO phonetic alphabet: "Delta") * Delta Air Lines, US * Delta variant of SARS-CoV-2 that causes COVID-19 Delta may also re ...
. The Shuangtaizi River (which gives name to the city's Shuangtaizi District), formally the smaller western
distributary A distributary, or a distributary channel, is a stream that branches off and flows away from a main stream channel. Distributaries are a common feature of river deltas. The phenomenon is known as river bifurcation. The opposite of a distributar ...
but now the only lower section of the Liao River system, flows through the city and drains into the Liaodong Bay to its west between its Dawa District and
Panshan County Panshan County () is a county in the central part of Liaoning province, China. It is under the administration of the prefecture-level city of Panjin and occupies its northern third. The county has a total area of , and a population of approxim ...
. The Daliao River, historically Liao River's larger eastern distributary and the main lower section but now a separate river system since 1958, runs east of Panjin, serving as the border between it and the neighboring cities of Anshan and Yingkou. Panjin is a major
crude oil Petroleum, also known as crude oil, or simply oil, is a naturally occurring yellowish-black liquid mixture of mainly hydrocarbons, and is found in geological formations. The name ''petroleum'' covers both naturally occurring unprocessed crude ...
production centre of Northeast China, with access to the Liaohe Oil Field, which was once the third largest oil field in China behind
Daqing Daqing (; alternately romanized as Taching) is a prefecture-level city in the west of Heilongjiang province, People's Republic of China. The name literally means "Great Celebration". Daqing is known as the "Oil Capital of China" and has experi ...
and Shengli Oil Fields.


Climate

Panjin has a monsoon-influenced humid continental climate (Köppen Dwa). It has an annual mean temperature of and receives over 2700 hours of sunshine a year.


Attractions

Major points of interest include: * Shuangtaihekou State Natural Reserve, a marshland that serves as natural habitat to 321 species of animals. It also serves as one of the few breeding grounds for endangered birds such as the
red-crowned crane The red-crowned crane (''Grus japonensis''), also called the Manchurian crane or Japanese crane (; the Chinese character '丹' means 'red', '頂/顶' means 'crown' and '鶴/鹤' means 'crane'), is a large East Asian crane among the rarest cran ...
and Saunders' gull. Millions of birds of as much as 172 different species stop at the area during their migration, including more than 20 endangered species such as the
red-crowned crane The red-crowned crane (''Grus japonensis''), also called the Manchurian crane or Japanese crane (; the Chinese character '丹' means 'red', '頂/顶' means 'crown' and '鶴/鹤' means 'crane'), is a large East Asian crane among the rarest cran ...
,
demoiselle crane The demoiselle crane (''Grus virgo'') is a species of crane found in central Eurosiberia, ranging from the Black Sea to Mongolia and North Eastern China. There is also a small breeding population in Turkey. These cranes are migratory birds. Bir ...
, white stork, black stork,
white-fronted goose The greater white-fronted goose (''Anser albifrons'') is a species of goose related to the smaller lesser white-fronted goose (''A. erythropus''). It is named for the patch of white feathers bordering the base of its bill, in fact ''albifrons ...
, whooper swan, and brown goshawk. On a special note, Panjin is also called "Home of the Cranes" for the above reasons. * reed-grass beach (Golden Beach at Bohai Sea) and the clam mound * Red Seabeach * Hubin Park in Panshan, featuring the Liaohe Tablets. These stone tablets bear inscriptions of Chinese calligraphy by historical and contemporary artists.


See also

* List of twin towns and sister cities in China * Zhou Yongkang, one-time mayor of Panjin


Education

* Higher Education: Dalian University of Technology, Panjin Campus Liaohe Petroleum Career Technical College Panjin Vocational and Technical College * Secondary Education: Panjin Senior Middle School LYYG


References


External links


Panjin's official website in Simplified Chinese
{{Authority control Cities in Liaoning Prefecture-level divisions of Liaoning