The Pandaruan River ( ms, Sungai Pandaruan) is a

river A river is a natural flowing watercourse, usually freshwater, flowing towards an ocean, sea, lake or another river. In some cases, a river flows into the ground and becomes dry at the end of its course without reaching another body of wate ...

that forms an

international border Borders are usually defined as geographical boundaries, imposed either by features such as oceans and terrain, or by political entities such as governments, sovereign states, federated states, and other subnational entities. Political borders c ...

on the island of

Borneo Borneo (; id, Kalimantan) is the third-largest island in the world and the largest in Asia. At the geographic centre of Maritime Southeast Asia, in relation to major Indonesian islands, it is located north of Java, west of Sulawesi, and eas ...

, between

Temburong Temburong District ( ms, Daerah Temburong; Jawi: دائيره تمبوروڠ) or simply Temburong () is the easternmost district in Brunei. It is an exclave — the land is separated from the rest of the country by Malaysia and Brunei Bay, and ...

Brunei Brunei ( , ), formally Brunei Darussalam ( ms, Negara Brunei Darussalam, Jawi alphabet, Jawi: , ), is a country located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. Apart from its South China Sea coast, it is completely sur ...

and

Limbang Limbang is a border town and the capital of Limbang District in the Limbang Division of northern Sarawak, East Malaysia, on the island of Borneo. This district area is 3,978.10 square kilometres, and population (year 2020 census) was 56,900. I ...

Malaysia Malaysia ( ; ) is a country in Southeast Asia. The federation, federal constitutional monarchy consists of States and federal territories of Malaysia, thirteen states and three federal territories, separated by the South China Sea into two r ...

. It is located at the

river mouth A river mouth is where a river flows into a larger body of water, such as another river, a lake/reservoir, a bay/gulf, a sea, or an ocean. At the river mouth, sediments are often deposited due to the slowing of the current reducing the carrying ...

of the Brunei Bay.

History

On 4 May 1968, the 67 Gurkha Independent Field Squadron of the

Queen's Gurkha Engineers The 36 Engineer Regiment is a regiment of the Corps of Royal Engineers within the British Army. The regiment trace their history back to before World War II as 36 Army Engineer Regiment. The regiment today is a general support engineer regiment pr ...

built the first road alongside the river. A soil erosion destroyed the road connecting Kampong Belais and Buda-Buda in the early 2000s. The Pandaruan Bridge which is also known as the Brunei–Malaysia Friendship Bridge, crosses the river linking Pandaruan in

Sarawak Sarawak (; ) is a States and federal territories of Malaysia, state of Malaysia. The largest among the 13 states, with an area almost equal to that of Peninsular Malaysia, Sarawak is located in northwest Borneo Island, and is bordered by the M ...

, and Kampong Puni in

. The opening of the bridge on 8 December 2013 enabled the vehicular ferry service, which was then the only means for vehicles to cross the river, to be discontinued. Brunei and Malaysia have border crossing checkpoints at these locations. Vacation lodges were scheduled to be completed by the end of 2019.

References

*Renate Haller-Trost (1994). ''The Brunei–Malaysia Dispute over Territorial and Maritime Claims in International Law'', (Maritime Briefing: Durham, UK) Rivers of Brunei Rivers of Sarawak Brunei–Malaysia border Temburong District International rivers of Asia Rivers of Malaysia {{Malaysia-river-stub

History

See also

References