''Pamphobeteus'' is a

genus Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of extant taxon, living and fossil organisms as well as Virus classification#ICTV classification, viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus com ...

tarantulas Tarantulas comprise a group of large and often hairy spiders of the family Theraphosidae. , 1,040 species have been identified, with 156 genera. The term "tarantula" is usually used to describe members of the family Theraphosidae, although m ...

that was first described by

Reginald Innes Pocock Reginald Innes Pocock F.R.S. (4 March 1863 – 9 August 1947) was a British zoologist. Pocock was born in Clifton, Bristol, the fourth son of Rev. Nicholas Pocock and Edith Prichard. He began showing interest in natural history at St. Edward ...

in 1901. It includes some of the largest spiders in the world. They are found in

South America South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a relatively small portion in the Northern Hemisphere at the northern tip of the continent. It can also be described as the southe ...

, including the countries of

Peru , image_flag = Flag of Peru.svg , image_coat = Escudo nacional del Perú.svg , other_symbol = Great Seal of the State , other_symbol_type = Seal (emblem), National seal , national_motto = "Fi ...

Bolivia , image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg , flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center , flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...

Ecuador Ecuador ( ; ; Quechua: ''Ikwayur''; Shuar: ''Ecuador'' or ''Ekuatur''), officially the Republic of Ecuador ( es, República del Ecuador, which literally translates as "Republic of the Equator"; Quechua: ''Ikwadur Ripuwlika''; Shuar: ''Eku ...

Brazil Brazil ( pt, Brasil; ), officially the Federative Republic of Brazil (Portuguese: ), is the largest country in both South America and Latin America. At and with over 217 million people, Brazil is the world's fifth-largest country by area ...

Colombia Colombia (, ; ), officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country in South America with insular regions in North America—near Nicaragua's Caribbean coast—as well as in the Pacific Ocean. The Colombian mainland is bordered by the Car ...

and

Panama Panama ( , ; es, link=no, Panamá ), officially the Republic of Panama ( es, República de Panamá), is a transcontinental country spanning the southern part of North America and the northern part of South America. It is bordered by Cos ...

Diagnosis

The males of the ''Pamphobeteus''

have a spoon shaped or thin

embolus An embolus (; plural emboli; from the Greek ἔμβολος "wedge", "plug") is an unattached mass that travels through the bloodstream and is capable of creating blockages. When an embolus occludes a blood vessel, it is called an embolism or emb ...

in the

palpal bulb The two palpal bulbs – also known as palpal organs and genital bulbs – are the copulatory organs of a male spider. They are borne on the last segment of the pedipalps (the front "limbs" of a spider), giving the spider an appearance often descr ...

with elongate retrolateral superior and apical keels. They also possess a tibial apophysis with two branches on the first pair of legs, the metatarsus of which closes between the two branches. Females can be distinguished from most

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

(except '' Xenesthis'' and '' Longilyra''), by the large fused base of the spermathecae and short receptacles, and differs from those two genera by the presence of only ventral metatarsal scopulae on leg IV, and absence of lyriform stridulatory setae respectively.

Species

it contains eighteen species, endemic to northwestern South America and

: *'' Pamphobeteus antinous'' Pocock, 1903 –

*'' Pamphobeteus augusti'' (

Simon Simon may refer to: People * Simon (given name), including a list of people and fictional characters with the given name Simon * Simon (surname), including a list of people with the surname Simon * Eugène Simon, French naturalist and the genus ...

, 1889) –

*'' Pamphobeteus crassifemur'' Bertani, Fukushima & Silva, 2008 –

*'' Pamphobeteus ferox'' (Ausserer, 1875) –

*'' Pamphobeteus fortis'' (Ausserer, 1875) – Colombia *'' Pamphobeteus grandis'' Bertani, Fukushima & Silva, 2008 – Brazil *'' Pamphobeteus insignis'' Pocock, 1903 – Colombia *'' Pamphobeteus lapola'' Sherwood, Gabriel, Brescovit & Lucas, 2022 – Colombia *'' Pamphobeteus nellieblyae'' Sherwood, Gabriel, Brescovit & Lucas, 2022 – Ecuador *'' Pamphobeteus nigricolor'' (Ausserer, 1875) ( type) – Colombia and Brazil *'' Pamphobeteus ornatus'' Pocock, 1903 – Panama and Colombia *'' Pamphobeteus petersi''

Schmidt Schmidt may refer to: * Schmidt (surname), including list of people with the surname * Schmidt (singer) (born 1990), German pop and jazz singer * Schmidt (lunar crater), a small lunar impact crater * Schmidt (Martian crater), a List of craters on ...

, 2002 – Ecuador and Peru *'' Pamphobeteus sucreorum'' Gabriel & Sherwood, 2022 - Panama *'' Pamphobeteus ultramarinus'' Schmidt, 1995 – Ecuador *'' Pamphobeteus urvinae'' Sherwood, Gabriel, Brescovit & Lucas, 2022 – Ecuador *'' Pamphobeteus verdolaga'' Cifuentes, Perafán & Estrada-Gomez, 2016 – Colombia *'' Pamphobeteus vespertinus'' (Simon, 1889) – Ecuador *'' Pamphobeteus zaruma'' Sherwood, Gabriel, Brescovit & Lucas, 2022 – Ecuador Formerly included: * ''Pamphobeteus anomalus'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Proshapalopus amazonicus'' * ''Pamphobeteus benedeni'' (Bertkau, 1880) → '' Lasiodora benedeni'' * ''Pamphobeteus cephalopheus'' Piza, 1944 → '' Vitalius vellutinus'' * ''Pamphobeteus communis'' Piza, 1939 → '' Vitalius dubius'' *''Pamphobeteus holophaeus Mello-Leitão, 1923 → Eupalaestrus spinosissimus'' *''Pamphobeteus insularis'' Mello-Leitão, 1923''→ Vitalius wacketi'' *''Pamphobeteus litoralis'' Piza, 1976→ '' Vitalius wacketi'' *''Pamphobeteus masculus'' Piza, 1939 → '' Vitalius wacketi'' *''Pamphobeteus melanocephalus'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius sorocabae'' *''Pamphobeteus mus'' Piza, 1944 → '' Vitalius dubius'' *''Pamphobeteus piracicabensis'' Piza, 1933 → '' Vitalius dubius'' *''Pamphobeteus platyomma'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius platyomma'' (

Nomen dubium In binomial nomenclature, a ''nomen dubium'' (Latin for "doubtful name", plural ''nomina dubia'') is a scientific name that is of unknown or doubtful application. Zoology In case of a ''nomen dubium'' it may be impossible to determine whether a s ...

) *''Pamphobeteus rondoniensis'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius rondoniensis'' (

) *''Pamphobeteus roseus'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius roseus'' *''Pamphobeteus sorocabae'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius sorocabae'' *''Pamphobeteus striatus'' Schmidt & Antonelli, 1996 → ''

Lasiodorides striatus ''Lasiodorides'' is a genus of South American Theraphosidae, tarantulas that was first described by Günter Schmidt (arachnologist), Günter E. W. Schmidt & B. Bischoff in 1997. Species it contains two species, found in Peru and Ecuador: *''Lasi ...

'' *''Pamphobeteus tetracanthus'' Mello-Leitão, 1923 → '' Vitalius tetracanthus'' (

) *''Pamphobeteus urbanicolus'' Soares, 1941 → '' Vitalius dubius'' *''Pamphobeteus ypiranguensis'' Soares, 1941 → '' Vitalius dubius''

References

{{Taxonbar, from=Q953576 Theraphosidae genera Spiders of South America Taxa named by R. I. Pocock Theraphosidae

Diagnosis

Species

See also

References