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The Palmenhaus Schönbrunn is a large greenhouse in
Several forerunners were built in the Palace Park in the 18th and 19th centuries, under Emperors Francis I and
Vienna Federal Gardens. Since 1918 it has been run by the ''Bundesgärten'' (Federal Gardens). A heavy bomb attack on Schönbrunn Palace in February 1945 destroyed most of the glazing of the Palmenhaus. Many plants died, although some were saved by being transferred to the nearby Sonnenuhrhaus. The rebuilding began in 1948, and the Palmenhaus was reopened in 1953. The building was closed to the public in 1976 as a safety measure following the collapse of the Reichsbrücke. Renovations were carried out between 1986 and 1990.Palmenhaus Schönbrunn - Revitalisation
Waagner-Biro.
Palm house (Schönbrunn) outside architectural detail 20080210-.jpg, Detail of the structure.
Palmenhaus.Schönbrunn August 2006.jpg, Central Hall entrance.
Palm house (Schönbrunn) outside detail - rainwater pipe 20080212.jpg, Detail of water conduit.
GuentherZ 2006-12-27 Palmenhaus Gridl 1341.jpg, Detail of the metal structure showing Gridl's name.
Palm house (Schönbrunn) Rhododendron 20080210.jpg, The structure from the interior.
Palm house (Schönbrunn) inside architectural detail in main hall, from SW 20080212 289.jpg, Detail of the arches sustaining the roof.
Palm house (Schönbrunn) tree-shaped cast iron column and plants 20080210.jpg, Tree-shaped cast-iron column.
Palm house (Schönbrunn) central part from N-edge 20080212.jpg, Central Hall.
Palm House (Schönbrunn) spiral stair 20080210 032-.jpg, Spiral staircase.
Palm house (Schönbrunn) 20080210 194.jpg, Top of the stairs and galleries.
*The oldest plant by some distance is a roughly 350-year-old
Home page on the Schönbrunn Palace website
Vienna
en, Viennese
, iso_code = AT-9
, registration_plate = W
, postal_code_type = Postal code
, postal_code =
, timezone = CET
, utc_offset = +1
, timezone_DST ...
, Austria
Austria, , bar, Östareich officially the Republic of Austria, is a country in the southern part of Central Europe, lying in the Eastern Alps. It is a federation of nine states, one of which is the capital, Vienna, the most populous ...
featuring plants from around the world. It opened in 1882. It is the most prominent of the four greenhouses in Schönbrunn Palace Park, and is also among the largest botanical exhibits of its kind in the world, with around 4,500 plant species.
History
Several forerunners were built in the Palace Park in the 18th and 19th centuries, under Emperors Francis I and Joseph II
Joseph II (German: Josef Benedikt Anton Michael Adam; English: ''Joseph Benedict Anthony Michael Adam''; 13 March 1741 – 20 February 1790) was Holy Roman Emperor from August 1765 and sole ruler of the Habsburg lands from November 29, 1780 un ...
. The present building was built by Ignaz Gridl following plans by court architect Franz-Xaver von Segenschmid, known for his projects of bridges, and Sigmund Wagner. Groundbreaking took place in 1881 and the greenhouse was opened by Franz Joseph I
Franz Joseph I or Francis Joseph I (german: Franz Joseph Karl, hu, Ferenc József Károly, 18 August 1830 – 21 November 1916) was Emperor of Austria, King of Hungary, and the other states of the Habsburg monarchy from 2 December 1848 until his ...
on 19 June 1882.Das Grosse Palmenhaus im Schlosspark SchönbrunnVienna Federal Gardens. Since 1918 it has been run by the ''Bundesgärten'' (Federal Gardens). A heavy bomb attack on Schönbrunn Palace in February 1945 destroyed most of the glazing of the Palmenhaus. Many plants died, although some were saved by being transferred to the nearby Sonnenuhrhaus. The rebuilding began in 1948, and the Palmenhaus was reopened in 1953. The building was closed to the public in 1976 as a safety measure following the collapse of the Reichsbrücke. Renovations were carried out between 1986 and 1990.
Waagner-Biro.
Architecture
Built with 600 tons ofwrought iron
Wrought iron is an iron alloy with a very low carbon content (less than 0.08%) in contrast to that of cast iron (2.1% to 4%). It is a semi-fused mass of iron with fibrous slag inclusions (up to 2% by weight), which give it a wood-like "grain" ...
and 120 tons of cast iron
Cast iron is a class of iron– carbon alloys with a carbon content more than 2%. Its usefulness derives from its relatively low melting temperature. The alloy constituents affect its color when fractured: white cast iron has carbide impur ...
, the Palmenhaus is 111 metres long, 28 metres wide and 25 metres high, and has 45,000 glass tiles. There are annexes on the north and south sides, serving as a coldhouse and a hothouse respectively.
Notable features
*The oldest plant by some distance is a roughly 350-year-old olive tree
The olive, botanical name ''Olea europaea'', meaning 'European olive' in Latin, is a species of small tree or shrub in the family Oleaceae, found traditionally in the Mediterranean Basin. When in shrub form, it is known as ''Olea europaea'' ...
donated by Spain
, image_flag = Bandera de España.svg
, image_coat = Escudo de España (mazonado).svg
, national_motto = ''Plus ultra'' (Latin)(English: "Further Beyond")
, national_anthem = (English: "Royal March")
, i ...
in 1974.
*A ''Wollemia
''Wollemia'' is a genus of coniferous trees in the family Araucariaceae. It was known only through fossil records until 1994, when the Australian species ''Wollemia nobilis'' was discovered in a temperate rainforest wilderness area of the Wollemi ...
'', a so-called “living fossil” species, discovered in 1994. This one is on permanent loan from the Botanical Garden of the University of Vienna
The Botanical Garden of the University of Vienna is a botanical garden in Vienna, Austria. It covers 8 hectares and is immediately adjacent to the Belvedere gardens. It is a part of the University of Vienna.
The gardens date back to 1754 when Em ...
and is one of the few to be cultivated outside Australia.
*A coco de mer
Coco commonly refers to:
* Coco (folklore), a mythical bogeyman in many Hispano- and Lusophone nations
Coco may also refer to:
People
* Coco (given name), a first name, its shorthand, or unrelated nickname
* Coco (surname), a list of people w ...
, donated by the Seychelles
Seychelles (, ; ), officially the Republic of Seychelles (french: link=no, République des Seychelles; Creole: ''La Repiblik Sesel''), is an archipelagic state consisting of 115 islands in the Indian Ocean. Its capital and largest city, ...
in 1990 and not expected to blossom for around 50 to 100 years.
*A victoria waterlily, which blossomed in 2001 for the first time in more than 40 years.
*The centre of the building has traditionally been the location for the tallest plant. The current centrepiece, planted in 2008, is a ''Livistona chinensis
''Livistona chinensis'', the Chinese fan palm or fountain palm, is a species of subtropical palm tree of east Asia. It is native to southern Japan, Taiwan, the Ryukyu Islands, southeastern China and Hainan. In Japan, two notable populations occ ...
'' known as the “Mirna palm” after the Austrian swimmer Mirna Jukić
Mirna Jukić (born 9 April 1986) is a retired Austrian swimmer who won a bronze medal in both short course and long course at the world championships in swimming. She is trained by her father Željko Jukić, a former basketball player. She has ha ...
.
*Other notable collections include the azaleas and the cyatheales.
See also
* Wüstenhaus Schönbrunn (Desert House), featuring succulent plants and desert fauna, located in the nearby Sonnenuhrhaus. *There is another ''Palmenhaus'' in the Vienna Burggarten.Notes
External links
Home page on the Schönbrunn Palace website
Further reading
* Gerhard Deimel, Kurt Vogl and Ingrid Gregor: ''Palast der Blüten – Das Schönbrunner Palmenhaus'', Holzhausen, Vienna, 2002, . {{DEFAULTSORT:Palmenhaus Schonbrunn Tourist attractions in Vienna Buildings and structures in Hietzing Botanical gardens in Austria Schönbrunn Palace Greenhouses 1882 establishments in Austria