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''Paedotherium'' is an
extinct
Extinction is the termination of a kind of organism or of a group of kinds (taxon), usually a species. The moment of extinction is generally considered to be the death of the last individual of the species, although the capacity to breed and ...
, potentially
paraphyletic
In taxonomy (general), taxonomy, a group is paraphyletic if it consists of the group's most recent common ancestor, last common ancestor and most of its descendants, excluding a few Monophyly, monophyletic subgroups. The group is said to be pa ...
[ genus of Notoungulate, belonging to the family ]Hegetotheriidae
Hegetotheriidae is an extinct family of notoungulate mammals known from the Oligocene through the Pliocene of South America
South America is a continent entirely in the Western Hemisphere and mostly in the Southern Hemisphere, with a r ...
, composed of small-sized, rodent or lagomorph-like South American ungulates
South is one of the cardinal directions or compass points. The direction is the opposite of north and is perpendicular to both east and west.
Etymology
The word ''south'' comes from Old English ''sūþ'', from earlier Proto-Germanic ''*sunþaz ...
. Four species are unambiguously recognized, from the Late Miocene
The Late Miocene (also known as Upper Miocene) is a sub-epoch of the Miocene epoch (geology), Epoch made up of two faunal stage, stages. The Tortonian and Messinian stages comprise the Late Miocene sub-epoch, which lasted from 11.63 Ma (million ye ...
to the Pleistocene of Argentina, and from the late Miocene of Bolivia
, image_flag = Bandera de Bolivia (Estado).svg
, flag_alt = Horizontal tricolor (red, yellow, and green from top to bottom) with the coat of arms of Bolivia in the center
, flag_alt2 = 7 × 7 square p ...
and Chile.[
]
History
The first remains associated today with ''Paedotherium'' were first described in 1887 by Florentino Ameghino, and attributed to the related genus ''Pachyruckhos'' due to an important number of similarities. He name the remains ''Pachyrukhos bonaerense''. Its holotype is MACN 1184, remains of the palatal area including the incisors, molars and premolars, to which he include another specimen, MACN 1667, both assumed to come from the Ensenada Formation.
In 1888 Hermann Burmeister describe the new genus ''Paedotherium'' insigne. It is, however, rapidly considered a synonym of ''Pachyrukhos'', which take precedence and to which most ''Paedotherium'' remains were attributed until 1926.
In 1908, Ameghino mentions three new species, ''Pachyrukhos chapadmalensis'', ''P. brusquitaensis'', and ''P. marplatensis''. In 1914, ''P. brusquitaensis'' is considered by Rovereto as a synonym of ''P. chapalmalensis''.
In 1926,