Padarath ( pa, ਪਦਾਰਥੁ, lit=treasure, wealth) is used in
Sikhism
Sikhism (), also known as Sikhi ( pa, ਸਿੱਖੀ ', , from pa, ਸਿੱਖ, lit=disciple', 'seeker', or 'learner, translit=Sikh, label=none),''Sikhism'' (commonly known as ''Sikhī'') originated from the word ''Sikh'', which comes fro ...
for a "step of spiritual Enlightenment." In the
Guru Granth Sahib
The Guru Granth Sahib ( pa, ਗੁਰੂ ਗ੍ਰੰਥ ਸਾਹਿਬ, ) is the central holy religious scripture of Sikhism, regarded by Sikhs as the final, sovereign and Guru Maneyo Granth, eternal Guru following the lineage of the Sikh gur ...
, the term ''padarath'' is used for temporal, as well as spiritual, attainments. There are four "Spiritual Treasures" in Sikhism, known as the ''Char Padarath'' ( pa, ਚਾਰਿ ਪਦਾਰਥੁ):
# Gyaan Padarath (ਗਿਆਨੁ ਪਦਾਰਥੁ) — Treasure of Wisdom
# Mukti Padarath (ਮੁਕਤਿ ਪਦਾਰਥੁ) — Treasure of Liberation
# Naam Padarath (ਨਾਮੁ ਪਦਾਰਥੁ) — Treasure of Supreme Command (Wisdom from Divine)
# Janam Padarath (ਜਨਮੁ ਪਦਾਰਥੁ) — Treasure of Living (Supreme Enlightenment)
According to
Guru Arjan Dev
Guru Arjan (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਅਰਜਨ, pronunciation: ; 15 April 1563 – 30 May 1606) was the first of the two Gurus martyred in the Sikh faith and the fifth of the ten total Sikh Gurus. He compiled the first official edition of t ...
, if a soul attains Naam Padarath, he gets Janam Padarath automatically. In the Guru Granth Sahib, he mentioned in a ''
salok
Shloka or śloka ( sa, श्लोक , from the root , Macdonell, Arthur A., ''A Sanskrit Grammar for Students'', Appendix II, p. 232 (Oxford University Press, 3rd edition, 1927). in a broader sense, according to Monier-Williams's dictionary, is ...
'', "O Nanak, if I am blessed with the Naam, I live, and my body and mind blossom forth.''"''
Guru Arjan Dev
Guru Arjan (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਅਰਜਨ, pronunciation: ; 15 April 1563 – 30 May 1606) was the first of the two Gurus martyred in the Sikh faith and the fifth of the ten total Sikh Gurus. He compiled the first official edition of t ...
, ''Guru Granth Sahib'', p. 1429, line 16: Only the liberated soul can achieve Naam Padarath. The liberation (Mukat Padarath) is attained by accepting wisdom of Guru (Gyan Padarath) and applicable in one's lifestyle.
Guru Amar Das
Guru Amar Das (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਅਮਰ ਦਾਸ, pronunciation: ; 5 May 1479 – 1 September 1574), sometimes spelled as Guru Amardas, was the third of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Sikh Guru on 26 March 1552 at age 73.
Befor ...
states "Through the Spiritual wisdom, the Gurmukh is liberated''."''
Guru Amar Das
Guru Amar Das (Gurmukhi: ਗੁਰੂ ਅਮਰ ਦਾਸ, pronunciation: ; 5 May 1479 – 1 September 1574), sometimes spelled as Guru Amardas, was the third of the Ten Gurus of Sikhism and became Sikh Guru on 26 March 1552 at age 73.
Befor ...
, ''Guru Granth Sahib'', p. 117: All the above tasks are categorized under ''Hari Ki Seva'' (Pleasing the one
God
In monotheism, monotheistic thought, God is usually viewed as the supreme being, creator deity, creator, and principal object of Faith#Religious views, faith.Richard Swinburne, Swinburne, R.G. "God" in Ted Honderich, Honderich, Ted. (ed)''The Ox ...
).
[Guru Granth Sahib, p. 108, line 6:]ਚਾਰਿ ਪਦਾਰਥ ਹਰਿ ਕੀ ਸੇਵਾ ॥ he four cardinal blessings are obtained by serving the Lord./blockquote>ਪਰਮਾਤਮਾ ਦੀ ਸੇਵਾ-ਭਗਤੀ ਹੀ (ਦੁਨੀਆ ਦੇ ਪ੍ਰਸਿਧ) ਚਾਰ ਪਦਾਰਥ ਹਨ।
As per Mahankosh,
[ਸੰ. ਪਦਾਰ੍ਥ. ਸੰਗ੍ਯਾ- ਪਦ ਦਾ ਅਰਥ. ਤੁਕ ਅਤੇ ਸ਼ਬਦ ਦਾ ਭਾਵ। ੨. ਕਿਸੇ ਦਰਸ਼ਨ (ਸ਼ਾਸਤ੍ਰ) ਦਾ ਮੰਨਿਆ ਹੋਇਆ ਵਿਸਯ, ਜੈਸੇ ਵੈਸ਼ੇਸਿਕ ਦਰਸ਼ਨ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਦ੍ਰਵ੍ਯ. ਗੁਣ, ਕਰਮ, ਸਾਮਾਨ੍ਯ, ਵਿਸ਼ੇਸ ਅਤੇ ਸਮਵਾਯ, ਇਹ ਛੀ ਪਦਾਰਥ ਹਨ. ਗੌਤਮ ਦੇ (ਨ੍ਯਾਯ) ਮਤ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਸੋਲਾਂ ਪਦਾਰਥ. ਦੇਖੋ, ਖਟਸ਼ਾਸਤ੍ਰ। ੩. ਪੁਰਾਣਾਂ ਅਨੁਸਾਰ ਧਰਮ, ਅਰਥ, ਕਾਮ ਅਤੇ ਮੋਕ੍ਸ਼੍। ੪. ਚੀਜ਼. ਵਸਤੁ। ੫. ਧਨ। ੬. ਸ਼੍ਰੀ ਗੁਰੂ ਰਾਮਦਾਸ ਜੀ ਦਾ ਇੱਕ ਪ੍ਰੇਮੀ ਸਿੱਖ, Gur Shabd Ratnakar Mahankosh, Bhai Kahn Singh Nabha] Padarath is a "noun" means a thing or precious thing and as per
Hindu Puranas, there are four Padarath which are Dharma, Artha, Kama and Moksha.
References
Primary text
Citations
{{Sikh-stub
Sikh philosophy