Thiaridae, common name thiarids or trumpet snails, is a family of tropical

freshwater snail Freshwater snails are gastropod mollusks which live in fresh water. There are many different families. They are found throughout the world in various habitats, ranging from ephemeral pools to the largest lakes, and from small seeps and springs ...

s with an operculum, aquatic

gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from land. T ...

mollusks in the

superfamily SUPERFAMILY is a database and search platform of structural and functional annotation for all proteins and genomes. It classifies amino acid sequences into known structural domains, especially into SCOP superfamilies. Domains are functional, str ...

Cerithioidea The Cerithioidea is a superfamily of marine, brackish water and freshwater gastropod containing more than 200 genera. The Cerithoidea are included unassigned in the subclass Caenogastropoda. The original name of this superfamily was Cerithiacea, ...

. MolluscaBase eds. (2021). MolluscaBase. Thiaridae Gill, 1871 (1823). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=196287 on 2021-07-28

Taxonomy

Many species of freshwater snails that are characterized by a turreted shell were originally placed within the genus ''Melania'' Lamarck, 1799. This genus as delimited by authors of the late 19th and early 20th century contained hundreds of species, and was successively split into different groupings. Over time, infrageneric groups (

subgenera In biology, a subgenus (plural: subgenera) is a taxonomic rank directly below genus. In the International Code of Zoological Nomenclature, a subgeneric name can be used independently or included in a species name, in parentheses, placed between t ...

) were elevated to the rank of independent

genera Genus ( plural genera ) is a taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms as well as viruses. In the hierarchy of biological classification, genus comes above species and below family. In binomial nomenclat ...

and the genus ''Melania'' was elevated to the rank of a family, Melanidae. However, the genus name ''Melania'' Lamarck, 1799 was demonstrated to be a junior synonym of the genus name ''Thiara'' Röding, 1798. Consequently, the family had to be renamed Thiaridae. Moreover, the Melanidae as traditionally circumscribed were found to be polyphyletic, containing species from many different groups, which were successively recognized as distinct families, such as the Pachychilidae, Semisulcospiridae,

Pleuroceridae Pleuroceridae, common name pleurocerids, is a family of small to medium-sized freshwater snails, aquatic gilled gastropod mollusks in the superfamily Cerithioidea.These snails have an operculum and typically a robust high-spired shell. Reprodu ...

Melanopsidae Melanopsidae, common name melanopsids, is a family of freshwater gastropods in the clade Sorbeoconcha. Species in this family are native to southern and eastern Europe, northern Africa, parts of the Middle East, New Zealand, and freshwater s ...

, and Paludomidae. Therefore, the Thiaridae as currently circumscribed contain fewer species than the Melaniidae.Glaubrecht M. (1996). ''Evolutionsökologie und Systematik am Beispiel von Süß- und Brackwasserschnecken (Mollusca: Caenogastropoda: Cerithioidea): Ontogenese-Strategien, paläontologische Befunde und historische Zoogeographie''. Leiden, Backhuys.

Distribution

This family of snails is found worldwide, and are particularly diverse in the tropics and subtropics.

Ecology

These snails are freshwater inhabitants of temperate and warm zones. Thiaridae are partly viviparous, partly ovoviviparous. Many, but not all species are parthenogenetic.

Genera

Genera in the family Thiaridae include: ;Subfamily Thiarinae Gill, 1871 (1823) * '' Balanocochlis'' Fischer, 1885
** '' Balanocochlis glandiformis'' ** '' Balanocochlis glans'' * '' Culenmelania'' Z.-X. Qian, J. Yang, Y. Lu & J. He, 2012 * † '' Kumania'' Ota, 1960 * '' Melanoides'' Olivier, 1804 * '' Mieniplotia'' Low & Tan, 2014 * '' Neoradina'' Brandt, 1974 * † '' Pachymelania'' E. A. Smith, 1893: synonym of † '' Pachychiloides'' Wenz, 1939 (junior homonym of Pachymelania E. A. Smith, 1893; Pachychiloides Wenz, 1939 is a replacement name) * '' Plotia'' Röding, 1798: synonym of ''

Pyramidella ''Pyramidella'' is a genus of minute to medium-sized sea snails, marine gastropod mollusk in the subfamily Pyramidellinae of the family Pyramidellidae, the pyrams and their allies. ''Pyramidella'' is the type genus of the family Pyramidellidae. ...

'' Lamarck, 1799 * '' Plotiopsis'' Brot, 1874Bouchet, P. (2016). ''Plotiopsis'' Brot, 1874. In: MolluscaBase (2017). Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=818487 on 2017-11-20 - ''

Plotiopsis balonnensis ''Plotiopsis balonnensis'' is a species of freshwater snail, a gastropod The gastropods (), commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda (). This class ...

'' (Conrad, 1850) * '' Ripalania'' Iredale, 1943 * '' Sermyla'' Adams, 1854 * '' Stenomelania'' Fischer, 1885
* '' Tarebia'' H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 * ''

Thiara ''Thiara'' is a genus of freshwater snails, aquatic gastropod mollusks in the subfamily Thiarinae of the family Thiaridae. Species Species with accepted names within the genus ''Thiara'' include: * † '' Thiara aldrichi'' Palmer, 1944 * ' ...

'' Röding, 1798 - type genus of the family Thiaridae, synonym: ''Melania'' Lamarck, 1799 ;Not assigned to a subfamily: * † '' Brotiopsis'' K. Suzuki, 1943 * † '' Coptostylus'' F. Sandberger, 1872 * † '' Cornetia'' Munier-Chalmas in Fischer et al., 1885 * † '' Ellinoria'' Van Damme & Pickford, 2003 * '' Fijidoma'' Morrison, 1952 * † '' Hannatoma'' Olsson, 1931 * † '' Heynderycxia'' Van Damme & Pickford, 2003 * † '' Juramelanatria'' Bandel, 1991 * † '' Juramelanoides'' Bandel, 1991 * '' Longiverena'' Pilsbry & Olsson, 1935 * † '' Melabrina'' Stache, 1880 * † '' Melanotarebia'' Bandel & Kowalke, 1997Bandel K. & Kowalke T. (1997). "Eocene ''Melanotarebia'' n.g. and its relation among modern Thiaridae (Caenogastropoda: Cerithioidea)". ''N. Jb. Geol. Paläont. Mh.'', Stuttgart 11: 683-695, 10 figs
abstract
. * † '' Pseudopyrgula'' Wenz, 1928 * † '' Ptychomelania'' Sacco, 1895 * † '' Sengoeria'' Harzhauser, Mandic, Büyükmeriç, Neubauer, Kadolsky & Landau, 2016 * † '' Sinomelania'' Yen, 1936 * † '' Siragimelania'' Suzuki, 1940 * † '' Tianjinospira'' Youluo, 1978 *

Verena Verena of Zurzach, mostly just called ''Saint Verena'' (c. 260 – c. 320) is an early Christian consecrated virgin and hermit. She is especially venerated in Switzerland, where her cult is attested in Bad Zurzach, the reported place of he ...

H. Adams & A. Adams, 1854 * † '' Yoshimonia'' Ota, 1960

References

This article incorporates public domain text from the reference"Family summary for Thiaridae"
AnimalBase, last modified 5 September 2006, accessed 14 April 2011.

External links