Pleckstrin Homology domain containing Family M Member 3, or PLEKHM3, is the hypothetical

protein Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...

that in humans is encoded by the ''PLEKHM3''

gene In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...

.: plekstrin homology domain containing family member 3 PLEKHM3 is also known as DAPR (differentiation associated protein), and Pleckstrin Homology Domain Containing Family M, Member 1-like.

Gene

PLEKHM3 is a valid, protein coding gene that is located on the minus strand of the q-arm of chromosome 2. Its exact location is 2q33.3. Its genomic mRNA length is 9,807 base pairs. Its genomic DNA length is 24.3 kilobases. It has 8

exons An exon is any part of a gene that will form a part of the final mature RNA produced by that gene after introns have been removed by RNA splicing. The term ''exon'' refers to both the DNA sequence within a gene and to the corresponding sequence ...

, 4 common splice forms.

Protein

PLEKHM3 contains a Plekstrin Homology domain and a C-terminal Rubicon Homology domain (RH domain). Rubicon homology domains of other proteins (e.g., Rubicon and

PLEKHM1 Pleckstrin homology domain-containing family M member 1 also known as PLEKHM1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''PLEKHM1'' gene. Function PLEKHM1 may have critical function in vesicular transport in osteoclasts. PLEKHM1 contain ...

), have been shown to mediate interaction with the small GTPase

Rab7 Ras-related protein Rab-7a is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''RAB7A'' gene. Ras-related protein Rab-7a is involved in endocytosis, which is a process that brings substances into a cell. The process of endocytosis works by folding th ...

. The RH domain domain is conserved in PLEKHM3 homologs as distant as the Nile Tilapia. The

molecular weight A molecule is a group of two or more atoms held together by attractive forces known as chemical bonds; depending on context, the term may or may not include ions which satisfy this criterion. In quantum physics, organic chemistry, and bioch ...

of PLEKHM3 87.2

kilodaltons The dalton or unified atomic mass unit (symbols: Da or u) is a non-SI unit of mass widely used in physics and chemistry. It is defined as of the mass of an unbound neutral atom of carbon-12 in its nuclear and electronic ground state and at ...

. Its

isoelectric point The isoelectric point (pI, pH(I), IEP), is the pH at which a molecule carries no net electrical charge or is electrically neutral in the statistical mean. The standard nomenclature to represent the isoelectric point is pH(I). However, pI is also u ...

is 6.81. It is predicted to be localized primarily in the cytosol. PLEKHM3 has orthologs in

eukaryote Eukaryotes () are organisms whose cells have a nucleus. All animals, plants, fungi, and many unicellular organisms, are Eukaryotes. They belong to the group of organisms Eukaryota or Eukarya, which is one of the three domains of life. Bacte ...

Function

The function of PLEKHM3 is not characterized in any scientific database. It is thought to be associated with

cell differentiation Cellular differentiation is the process in which a stem cell alters from one type to a differentiated one. Usually, the cell changes to a more specialized type. Differentiation happens multiple times during the development of a multicellula ...

and is expressed at ubiquitously low levels in all cell types. The Pleckstrin Homology domains are involved with phosphate binding.

Interactions

PLEKHM3 is thought to interact with a protein called GDAP1, which is responsible for differentiation in neuronal cell types and plays a role in the

signal transduction Signal transduction is the process by which a chemical or physical signal is transmitted through a cell as a series of molecular events, most commonly protein phosphorylation catalyzed by protein kinases, which ultimately results in a cellula ...

pathway. This also supports the predicted role of PLEKHM3 in differentiation.

References

{{Reflist

External links

NCBI (National Center for Biotechnology Information)
Genes on human chromosome 2