Fermitin family homolog 2 (FERMT2) also known as pleckstrin homology domain-containing family C member 1 (PLEKHC1) or kindlin-2 is a
protein
Proteins are large biomolecules and macromolecules that comprise one or more long chains of amino acid residues. Proteins perform a vast array of functions within organisms, including catalysing metabolic reactions, DNA replication, respo ...
that in humans is encoded by the ''FERMT2''
gene
In biology, the word gene (from , ; "...Wilhelm Johannsen coined the word gene to describe the Mendelian units of heredity..." meaning ''generation'' or ''birth'' or ''gender'') can have several different meanings. The Mendelian gene is a ba ...
.
Kindlin-2 is the first of the kindlin protein to be discovered in 1994. It was detected in a screen for epidermal growth factor (EGF)-induced mRNAs and initially named mitogen-inducible gene 2 (Mig-2) protein.
Function
FERMT2 is a component of
extracellular matrix
In biology, the extracellular matrix (ECM), also called intercellular matrix, is a three-dimensional network consisting of extracellular macromolecules and minerals, such as collagen, enzymes, glycoproteins and hydroxyapatite that provide stru ...
structures in mammalian cells and is required for proper control of cell shape change.
A major task of kindlins is to regulate the activation of integrins.
Interactions
FERMT2 has been shown to
interact
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with
FBLIM1
Filamin-binding LIM protein 1 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the ''FBLIM1'' gene.
This gene encodes a protein with an N-terminal filamin-binding domain, a central proline-rich domain, and, multiple C-terminal LIM domains. This protein ...
.
Role in health and diseases
* Loss of kindlin-2 in mice leads to peri-implantation lethality.
* Kindlin-2 is highly expressed in activated myofibroblasts for regulation of focal adhesion formation.
*Deletion of Kindlin-2 retards insulin secretion and reduces β-cell mass in mice.
* Elevated kindlin-2 expression was observed in tubular intestinal fibrosis of the kidney, a condition is characterized by massive expansion of the cortical interstitium, conversion of fibroblasts into myofibroblasts and progressive EMT of tubular epithelial cells.
* Kindlin-2 is required for angiogenesis and blood vessel homeostasis.
* Kindlin-2 can exert tumor-promoting or tumor-inhibiting functions based on tumor-type-dependent.
* FERMT2 modulates the Alzheimer's Disease risk by regulating APP metabolism and Aβ peptide production.
[DOI = 10.1007/s00401-016-1652-z]
References
Further reading
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External links
FERMT2Info with links in th
Cell Migration Gateway
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