The enzyme 1-alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine esterase (EC 3.1.1.47)
catalyzes the reaction
:1-alkyl-2-acetyl-''sn''-glycero-3-phosphocholine + H
2O
1-alkyl-''sn''-glycero-3-phosphocholine + acetate
The former is also known as
platelet-activating factor. There are multiple enzymes with this function:
*
Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2
Lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) also known as platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH) is a phospholipase A2 enzyme that in humans is encoded by the ''PLA2G7'' gene. Lp-PLA2 is a 45-kDa protein of 441 amino acids. It ...
*
Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 2, cytoplasmic
* Platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase 1b:
regulatory subunit 1,
catalytic subunit 2,
catalytic subunit 3
This enzyme belongs to the family of
hydrolase
Hydrolase is a class of enzyme that commonly perform as biochemical catalysts that use water to break a chemical bond, which typically results in dividing a larger molecule into smaller molecules. Some common examples of hydrolase enzymes are este ...
s, specifically those acting on carboxylic
ester
In chemistry, an ester is a compound derived from an oxoacid (organic or inorganic) in which at least one hydroxyl group () is replaced by an alkoxy group (), as in the substitution reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol. Glycerides ar ...
bonds. The
systematic name A systematic name is a name given in a systematic way to one unique group, organism, object or chemical substance, out of a specific population or collection. Systematic names are usually part of a nomenclature.
A semisystematic name or semitrivial ...
of this enzyme class is 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-''sn''-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetohydrolase. Other names in common use include 1-alkyl-2-acetyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine acetylhydrolase, and alkylacetyl-GPC:acetylhydrolase. This enzyme participates in
ether lipid metabolism
In organic chemistry, ethers are a class of compounds that contain an ether group—an oxygen atom connected to two alkyl or aryl groups. They have the general formula , where R and R′ represent the alkyl or aryl groups. Ethers can again be ...
.
Structural studies
As of late 2007, 7
structures
A structure is an arrangement and organization of interrelated elements in a material object or system, or the object or system so organized. Material structures include man-made objects such as buildings and machines and natural objects such as ...
have been solved for this class of enzymes, with
PDB accession codes , , , , , , and .
References
*
*
*
EC 3.1.1
Enzymes of known structure
{{PAF signaling