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In architecture, an overhang is a protruding structure that may provide protection for lower levels. Overhangs on two sides of Pennsylvania Dutch barns protect doors, windows, and other lower-level structures. Overhangs on all four sides of barns and larger, older farmhouses are common in Swiss architecture. An overhanging eave is the edge of a roof, protruding outwards from the side of the building, generally to provide weather protection.


History

Overhangs are also common in medieval Indian architecture—especially Mughal architecture of the 16th–18th century, where they are called ''
chhajja A ''chhajja'' is an overhanging eave or roof covering found in Indian architecture. It is characterised with large support brackets with different artistic designs. Variation is also seen in its size depending on the importance of the building on ...
'', often supported by ornate corbels and also seen in Hindu temple architecture. Later, these were adopted by Indo-Saracenic architecture, which flourished during the
British Raj The British Raj (; from Hindi ''rāj'': kingdom, realm, state, or empire) was the rule of the British Crown on the Indian subcontinent; * * it is also called Crown rule in India, * * * * or Direct rule in India, * Quote: "Mill, who was him ...
. Extensive overhangs were incorporated in early Buddhist architecture; were seen in early Buddhist temples; and later became part of
Tibetan architecture Architecture of Tibet contains Chinese and Indian influences but has many unique features brought about by its adaptation to the cold, generally arid, high-altitude climate of the Tibetan plateau. Buildings are generally made from locally availab ...
, Chinese architecture, and eventually, traditional Japanese architecture, where they were a striking feature. In late-medieval and
Renaissance The Renaissance ( , ) , from , with the same meanings. is a period in European history marking the transition from the Middle Ages to modernity and covering the 15th and 16th centuries, characterized by an effort to revive and surpass ide ...
Europe, the upper stories of timber-framed houses often overhung the story below, the overhang being called a "
jetty A jetty is a structure that projects from land out into water. A jetty may serve as a breakwater, as a walkway, or both; or, in pairs, as a means of constricting a channel. The term derives from the French word ', "thrown", signifying somet ...
". This technique declined by the beginning of the 18th century as building with brick or stone became common. By the 17th century, overhangs were one of the most common features of American colonial architecture in New England and
Connecticut Connecticut () is the southernmost state in the New England region of the Northeastern United States. It is bordered by Rhode Island to the east, Massachusetts to the north, New York (state), New York to the west, and Long Island Sound to the ...
. This style featured an overhanging or jettied second story, which usually ran across the front of the house or sometimes around it; these dwellings were known as garrison houses. In the early 20th century, the style was adopted by Prairie School architecture and architects like Frank Lloyd Wright, thus making its way into modern architecture. An overhang may also refer to an awning or other protective elements.


Gallery

File:Stillwater Dwellings Overhang Glen Ellen CA.jpg, alt=, A contemporary home in Glen Ellen California exemplifying the practice of Indoor-Outdoor Living design through an elongated overhang. Builder: Stillwater Dwellings. File:Dick Turpin's Cottage - geograph.org.uk - 845553.jpg, 15th century timber-framed houses with overhanging jetties in
Thaxted Thaxted is a town and civil parish in the Uttlesford district of north-west Essex, England. The town is in the valley of the River Chelmer, not far from its source in the nearby village of Debden, and is 97 metres (318 feet) above sea level (w ...
,
England England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Wales to its west and Scotland to its north. The Irish Sea lies northwest and the Celtic Sea to the southwest. It is separated from continental Europe ...
. File:Audienzhalle.jpg, Overhang of the ''Diwan-e-khas'' (Hall of private audience,
Fatehpur Sikri Fatehpur Sikri () is a town in the Agra District of Uttar Pradesh, India. Situated 35.7 kilometres from the district headquarters of Agra, Fatehpur Sikri itself was founded as the capital of Mughal Empire in 1571 by Emperor Akbar, serving this ...
, built 1570s, Mughal architecture. File:McIntire-Garrison House, South Berwick Road (State Route 91), Scotland (York County, Maine).jpg, The late 17th century McIntire Garrison House in York, Maine. File:Lahore Museum, Lahore.jpg, Overhangs of the Lahore Museum,
Pakistan Pakistan ( ur, ), officially the Islamic Republic of Pakistan ( ur, , label=none), is a country in South Asia. It is the world's List of countries and dependencies by population, fifth-most populous country, with a population of almost 24 ...
in Indo-Saracenic architecture, 1894. File:BauernhausEmmental.jpg,
Emmental The Emmental ( en, Emme Valley) is a valley in west-central Switzerland, forming part of the canton of Bern. It is a hilly landscape comprising the basins of the rivers Emme and Ilfis. The region is mostly devoted to farming, particularly dair ...
farmhouse with overhang reaching the ground, Switzerland. File:Harold-c-bradley-house.jpg, Overhangs of the Harold C. Bradley House, Madison, WI, by Louis Sullivan and George Grant Elmslie representative of Prairie School architecture. File:Craftsmanhouse.jpg, Deeply overhanging eaves in American Craftsman-style bungalow,
San Diego, California San Diego ( , ; ) is a city on the Pacific Ocean coast of Southern California located immediately adjacent to the Mexico–United States border. With a 2020 population of 1,386,932, it is the eighth most populous city in the United Stat ...
, late 19th century. File:Darwin D. Martin House.jpg, Darwin D. Martin House, Buffalo, New York with wide overhang. Frank Lloyd Wright, 1905. File:Barcelona Pavilion pool.JPG,
Barcelona Pavilion The Barcelona Pavilion ( ca, Pavelló alemany; es, Pabellón alemán; "German Pavilion"), designed by Ludwig Mies van der Rohe and Lilly Reich, was the German Pavilion for the 1929 International Exposition in Barcelona, Spain. This building ...
, with hovering overhang, 1929, by Mies van der Rohe, Modernist Bauhaus architecture. File:The Concourse 5, Aug 07.JPG,
The Concourse The Concourse () is a post-modern high-rise commercial and residential building on Beach Road Kallang, Singapore opposite Nicoll Highway MRT station. The Concourse is located in Singapore's "Golden Mile", which refers to the strip of land be ...
, Singapore, featuring prominent overhangs, 1994.


See also

Where eaves continue in the same plane over an ell (projection), this part of the roof is instead considered a catslide and if across a full façade the building may be a saltbox house. * Eaves * Five-foot way * Cantilever


References

{{Room Architectural elements Roofs